See gul in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "gul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 18 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 36 19 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "pl:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 29 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sound a turkey makes; gobble"
],
"id": "en-gul-pl-intj-WWKZhXpU",
"links": [
[
"gobble",
"gobble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 18 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 36 19 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "pl:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 29 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sound of bubbling; gurgle"
],
"id": "en-gul-pl-intj-WYFYL8pZ",
"links": [
[
"gurgle",
"gurgle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See ghul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "gul m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "gulów"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ghul"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Islam",
"orig": "pl:Islam",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 3 3 2 6 4 4 7 8 15 3 4 0 17 3 12 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 28 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 18 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 36 19 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "pl:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 29 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of ghul"
],
"id": "en-gul-pl-noun-iJ28DdCs",
"links": [
[
"ghul",
"ghul#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam) Alternative spelling of ghul"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gwoli"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of gwoli",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of gwoli.",
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 18 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 29 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of gwoli"
],
"id": "en-gul-pl-prep-iNf8qUu9",
"links": [
[
"gwoli",
"gwoli#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew) Synonym of gwoli"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "gwoli"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gul f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 18 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 29 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gula"
],
"id": "en-gul-pl-noun-gUPdvAPO",
"links": [
[
"gula",
"gula#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish interjections",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish onomatopoeias",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Onomatopoeic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "gul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sound a turkey makes; gobble"
],
"links": [
[
"gobble",
"gobble"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sound of bubbling; gurgle"
],
"links": [
[
"gurgle",
"gurgle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See ghul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "gul m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "gulów"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ghul"
}
],
"categories": [
"pl:Islam"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of ghul"
],
"links": [
[
"ghul",
"ghul#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam) Alternative spelling of ghul"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish clippings",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish prepositions",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gwoli"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of gwoli",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of gwoli.",
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Central Greater Poland Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of gwoli"
],
"links": [
[
"gwoli",
"gwoli#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew) Synonym of gwoli"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "gwoli"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 28 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul",
"Rhymes:Polish/ul/1 syllable",
"pl:Animal sounds",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gul f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gul"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gula"
],
"links": [
[
"gula",
"gula#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡul/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ul"
},
{
"homophone": "ghul"
},
{
"homophone": "gól"
},
{
"homophone": "Gul"
}
],
"word": "gul"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gul meaning in Polish (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew",
"path": [
"gul"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "gul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew",
"path": [
"gul"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "gul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew",
"path": [
"gul"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "gul",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, Środa, Pleszew",
"path": [
"gul"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "gul",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.