"co" meaning in Polish

See co in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Conjunction

IPA: /t͡sɔ/, /ˈt͡sɔ/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɔ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|czso|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish czso, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|czso}} Inherited from Old Polish czso, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*česo}} Proto-Slavic *česo, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čь}} Proto-Slavic *čь, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čьto}} Proto-Slavic *čьto, {{cog|de|wes}} German wes, {{cog|en|whose}} English whose Head templates: {{head|pl|conjunction}} co
  1. as
    Sense id: en-co-pl-conj-9L-ff8vt

Particle

IPA: /t͡sɔ/, /ˈt͡sɔ/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɔ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|czso|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish czso, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|czso}} Inherited from Old Polish czso, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*česo}} Proto-Slavic *česo, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čь}} Proto-Slavic *čь, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čьto}} Proto-Slavic *čьto, {{cog|de|wes}} German wes, {{cog|en|whose}} English whose Head templates: {{head|pl|particle}} co
  1. used as a tag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said
    Sense id: en-co-pl-particle-7v0kqwKB Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2

Preposition

IPA: /t͡sɔ/, /ˈt͡sɔ/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɔ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|czso|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish czso, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|czso}} Inherited from Old Polish czso, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*česo}} Proto-Slavic *česo, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čь}} Proto-Slavic *čь, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čьto}} Proto-Slavic *čьto, {{cog|de|wes}} German wes, {{cog|en|whose}} English whose Head templates: {{head|pl|preposition}} co
  1. every (referring to frequency) Derived forms: co drugi, cóż Related terms: co-
    Sense id: en-co-pl-prep-ZUq2tN0m Categories (other): Polish terms with collocations, Polish prepositions

Pronoun

IPA: /t͡sɔ/, /ˈt͡sɔ/ [Middle, Polish] Forms: co [nominative, singular], czego [genitive, singular], czemu [dative, singular], co [accusative, singular], czym [instrumental, singular], czym [locative, singular], co [singular, vocative]
Rhymes: -ɔ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|czso|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish czso, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|czso}} Inherited from Old Polish czso, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*česo}} Proto-Slavic *česo, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čь}} Proto-Slavic *čь, {{der|pl|sla-pro|*čьto}} Proto-Slavic *čьto, {{cog|de|wes}} German wes, {{cog|en|whose}} English whose Head templates: {{head|pl|pronoun|g=n}} co n Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-sing|co|czego|czemu|co|czym|czym|co}}
  1. interrogative pronoun; what Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-co-pl-pron-pRV8qNQ3 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish particles, Polish pronouns Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2 Disambiguation of Polish particles: 0 16 5 22 15 14 17 12 Disambiguation of Polish pronouns: 27 16 19 27 10
  2. pronoun for introducing a subordinate clause that narrows the scope of the main clause; which, that; what; who Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-co-pl-pron-nTUJH6f1 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish pronouns Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2 Disambiguation of Polish pronouns: 27 16 19 27 10
  3. pronoun that attaches a relative clause to the main clause; which, that; what; who Tags: neuter
    Sense id: en-co-pl-pron-~ho-NBeO Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish pronouns Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2 Disambiguation of Polish pronouns: 27 16 19 27 10
  4. (colloquial) relative pronoun Tags: colloquial, neuter
    Sense id: en-co-pl-pron-fS20OL~C Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish pronouns Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2 Disambiguation of Polish pronouns: 27 16 19 27 10
  5. (colloquial) why Tags: colloquial, neuter
    Sense id: en-co-pl-pron-K-I8WF8V Categories (other): Polish pronouns Disambiguation of Polish pronouns: 27 16 19 27 10
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: bądź co bądź Related terms: coś, kto, nic

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for co meaning in Polish (11.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bądź co bądź"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-sing",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "co n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "co",
        "2": "czego",
        "3": "czemu",
        "4": "co",
        "5": "czym",
        "6": "czym",
        "7": "co"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-sing"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "coś"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kto"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nic"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 5 22 15 14 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 16 19 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What is that?",
          "text": "Co to?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative pronoun; what"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-pron-pRV8qNQ3",
      "links": [
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 16 19 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I know a guy that has a horse.",
          "text": "Znam takiego goscia, co ma konia.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronoun for introducing a subordinate clause that narrows the scope of the main clause; which, that; what; who"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-pron-nTUJH6f1",
      "links": [
        [
          "subordinate clause",
          "subordinate clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "main clause",
          "main clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "which",
          "which"
        ],
        [
          "that",
          "that"
        ],
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ],
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 16 19 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That woman, who lived in that apartment, moved to Germany.",
          "text": "Ta kobieta, co mieszkała w tym mieszkaniu, wyjechała do Niemiec.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronoun that attaches a relative clause to the main clause; which, that; what; who"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-pron-~ho-NBeO",
      "links": [
        [
          "relative clause",
          "relative clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "main clause",
          "main clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "which",
          "which"
        ],
        [
          "that",
          "that"
        ],
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ],
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 16 19 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The quality will be equal to whatever you pay.",
          "text": "Jakość będzie równa temu, co zapłacisz.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "relative pronoun"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-pron-fS20OL~C",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) relative pronoun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 16 19 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Why is she so sad?",
          "text": "Co ona taka smutna?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "why"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-pron-K-I8WF8V",
      "links": [
        [
          "why",
          "why"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) why"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "co drugi"
        },
        {
          "word": "cóż"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "every other day",
          "text": "co drugi dzień"
        },
        {
          "english": "every month",
          "text": "co miesiąc"
        },
        {
          "english": "every year, annually",
          "text": "co rok"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "every (referring to frequency)"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-prep-ZUq2tN0m",
      "links": [
        [
          "every",
          "every"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "co-"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ma ten sam rower co ja.\nHe has the same bike as me.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-conj-9L-ff8vt",
      "links": [
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 8 24 15 12 24 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Interesting, isn't it?",
          "text": "Interesujące, co?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used as a tag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said"
      ],
      "id": "en-co-pl-particle-7v0kqwKB",
      "links": [
        [
          "tag question",
          "tag question#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish particles",
    "Polish pronouns",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bądź co bądź"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-sing",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "czym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "co",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "co n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "co",
        "2": "czego",
        "3": "czemu",
        "4": "co",
        "5": "czym",
        "6": "czym",
        "7": "co"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-sing"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "coś"
    },
    {
      "word": "kto"
    },
    {
      "word": "nic"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "What is that?",
          "text": "Co to?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "interrogative pronoun; what"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I know a guy that has a horse.",
          "text": "Znam takiego goscia, co ma konia.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronoun for introducing a subordinate clause that narrows the scope of the main clause; which, that; what; who"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "subordinate clause",
          "subordinate clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "main clause",
          "main clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "which",
          "which"
        ],
        [
          "that",
          "that"
        ],
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ],
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "That woman, who lived in that apartment, moved to Germany.",
          "text": "Ta kobieta, co mieszkała w tym mieszkaniu, wyjechała do Niemiec.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pronoun that attaches a relative clause to the main clause; which, that; what; who"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "relative clause",
          "relative clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "main clause",
          "main clause#English"
        ],
        [
          "which",
          "which"
        ],
        [
          "that",
          "that"
        ],
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ],
        [
          "who",
          "who"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms",
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The quality will be equal to whatever you pay.",
          "text": "Jakość będzie równa temu, co zapłacisz.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "relative pronoun"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) relative pronoun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms",
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Why is she so sad?",
          "text": "Co ona taka smutna?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "why"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "why",
          "why"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) why"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish particles",
    "Polish prepositions",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "co drugi"
    },
    {
      "word": "cóż"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "co-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with collocations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "every other day",
          "text": "co drugi dzień"
        },
        {
          "english": "every month",
          "text": "co miesiąc"
        },
        {
          "english": "every year, annually",
          "text": "co rok"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "every (referring to frequency)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "every",
          "every"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish conjunctions",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish particles",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Ma ten sam rower co ja.\nHe has the same bike as me.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "as",
          "as"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish particles",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "czso"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish czso",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*česo"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *česo",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čь",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*čьto"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *čьto",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "wes"
      },
      "expansion": "German wes",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "whose"
      },
      "expansion": "English whose",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish czso, from Proto-Slavic *česo (the genitive form of Proto-Slavic *čь and Proto-Slavic *čьto). Cognate with German wes, English whose.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "co",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "co"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Interesting, isn't it?",
          "text": "Interesujące, co?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used as a tag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tag question",
          "tag question#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sɔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt͡sɔ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "co"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.