"chmurny" meaning in Polish

See chmurny in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈxmur.nɘ/
Rhymes: -urnɘ Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ. By surface analysis, chmura + -ny. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*xmurьnъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*xmurьnъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ, {{surf|pl|chmura|-ny}} By surface analysis, chmura + -ny Head templates: {{pl-adj|chmurniejszy|adv=chmurnie|adv2=chmurno}} chmurny (comparative chmurniejszy, superlative najchmurniejszy, derived adverb chmurnie or chmurno) Inflection templates: {{pl-adecl}} Forms: chmurniejszy [comparative], najchmurniejszy [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], chmurny [masculine, nominative, singular], chmurna [feminine, nominative, singular], chmurne [neuter, nominative, singular], chmurni [nominative, plural, virile], chmurne [error-unrecognized-form, nominative, plural], chmurnego [genitive, masculine, singular], chmurnej [feminine, genitive, singular], chmurnego [genitive, neuter, singular], chmurnych [error-unrecognized-form, genitive, plural], chmurnych [genitive, plural, virile], chmurnemu [dative, masculine, singular], chmurnej [dative, feminine, singular], chmurnemu [dative, neuter, singular], chmurnym [dative, error-unrecognized-form, plural], chmurnym [dative, plural, virile], chmurnego [accusative, animate, masculine, singular], chmurny [accusative, inanimate, masculine, singular], chmurną [accusative, feminine, singular], chmurne [accusative, neuter, singular], chmurnych [accusative, plural, virile], chmurne [accusative, error-unrecognized-form, plural], chmurnym [instrumental, masculine, singular], chmurną [feminine, instrumental, singular], chmurnym [instrumental, neuter, singular], chmurnymi [error-unrecognized-form, instrumental, plural], chmurnymi [instrumental, plural, virile], chmurnym [locative, masculine, singular], chmurnej [feminine, locative, singular], chmurnym [locative, neuter, singular], chmurnych [error-unrecognized-form, locative, plural], chmurnych [locative, plural, virile]
  1. cloudy, overcast Synonyms: pochmurny, zachmurzony
    Sense id: en-chmurny-pl-adj-ikg6SlW5 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms suffixed with -ny Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 49 25 26 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 51 24 25 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 45 27 27 Disambiguation of Polish terms suffixed with -ny: 47 27 27
  2. gloomy, sullen, sombre Synonyms: posępny, ponury, mroczny
    Sense id: en-chmurny-pl-adj-oDz7rQfF
  3. menacing, threatening, serious Synonyms: groźny
    Sense id: en-chmurny-pl-adj-AVzdIYuv
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xmurьnъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xmurьnъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "chmura",
        "3": "-ny"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, chmura + -ny",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ. By surface analysis, chmura + -ny.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chmurniejszy",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "najchmurniejszy",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chmurniejszy",
        "adv": "chmurnie",
        "adv2": "chmurno"
      },
      "expansion": "chmurny (comparative chmurniejszy, superlative najchmurniejszy, derived adverb chmurnie or chmurno)",
      "name": "pl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "chmur‧ny"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 25 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 24 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 27 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 27 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cloudy, overcast"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmurny-pl-adj-ikg6SlW5",
      "links": [
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ],
        [
          "overcast",
          "overcast"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pochmurny"
        },
        {
          "word": "zachmurzony"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy, sullen, sombre"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmurny-pl-adj-oDz7rQfF",
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "sullen",
          "sullen"
        ],
        [
          "sombre",
          "sombre"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "posępny"
        },
        {
          "word": "ponury"
        },
        {
          "word": "mroczny"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "menacing, threatening, serious"
      ],
      "id": "en-chmurny-pl-adj-AVzdIYuv",
      "links": [
        [
          "menacing",
          "menacing"
        ],
        [
          "threatening",
          "threatening"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "groźny"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxmur.nɘ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-urnɘ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmurny"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish adjectives",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish hard adjectives",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms suffixed with -ny",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/urnɘ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/urnɘ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xmurьnъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ",
      "name": "inh"
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        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*xmurьnъ"
      },
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      "name": "inh+"
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      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "chmura",
        "3": "-ny"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, chmura + -ny",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xmurьnъ. By surface analysis, chmura + -ny.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chmurniejszy",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "najchmurniejszy",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnemu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnego",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "animate",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurny",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurną",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnymi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnej",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnym",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chmurnych",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chmurniejszy",
        "adv": "chmurnie",
        "adv2": "chmurno"
      },
      "expansion": "chmurny (comparative chmurniejszy, superlative najchmurniejszy, derived adverb chmurnie or chmurno)",
      "name": "pl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "chmur‧ny"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cloudy, overcast"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cloudy",
          "cloudy"
        ],
        [
          "overcast",
          "overcast"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pochmurny"
        },
        {
          "word": "zachmurzony"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gloomy, sullen, sombre"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gloomy",
          "gloomy"
        ],
        [
          "sullen",
          "sullen"
        ],
        [
          "sombre",
          "sombre"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "posępny"
        },
        {
          "word": "ponury"
        },
        {
          "word": "mroczny"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "menacing, threatening, serious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "menacing",
          "menacing"
        ],
        [
          "threatening",
          "threatening"
        ],
        [
          "serious",
          "serious"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "groźny"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxmur.nɘ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-urnɘ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chmurny"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chmurny meaning in Polish (5.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: derived adverb chmurnie or chmurno",
  "path": [
    "chmurny"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "chmurny",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-virile'",
  "path": [
    "chmurny"
  ],
  "section": "Polish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "chmurny",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.