See by in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for by meaning in Polish (8.3kB)
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"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]",
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"creates a subordinate clause expressing desire or wish; to, so that, for that, in order to"
],
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"text": "Near-synonyms: bodaj, bodajby, byle, byleby, niech, niechaj, niechajże, niechby, niechże, oby"
}
],
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"creates an optative clause; if only, had better, let"
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"let"
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"creates an optative clause; if only, had better, let [+past tense]"
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],
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"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]",
"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to"
],
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],
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{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "by/Polish/particle: 'expansion' should contain a non-empty string: {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"sla-pro\", \"inh\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}: {\"categories\": [\"Polish 1-syllable words\", \"Polish conjunctions\", \"Polish entries with incorrect language header\", \"Polish lemmas\", \"Polish particles\", \"Polish terms derived from Old Polish\", \"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic\", \"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish\", \"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic\", \"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Polish terms with audio links\", \"Rhymes:Polish/\\u0268\", \"Rhymes:Polish/\\u0268/1 syllable\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"sla-pro\", \"inh\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"zlw-opl\", \"3\": \"by\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Polish by\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"zlw-opl\", \"3\": \"by\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Old Polish by\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Old Polish by.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"particle\"}, \"expansion\": \"by\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"by\"], \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"lang_code\": \"pl\", \"pos\": \"particle\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Polish terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"He would not go there.\", \"text\": \"On by tam nie poszed\\u0142./On nie poszed\\u0142by tam.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"forms the conditional mood; would, would've\"], \"links\": [[\"would\", \"would\"], [\"would've\", \"would've\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/b\\u0268/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/\\u02c8b\\u0268/\", \"tags\": [\"Middle\", \"Polish\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-\\u0268\"}], \"word\": \"by\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "by",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "XYZunsorted",
"msg": "by/Polish/conj: 'expansion' should contain a non-empty string: {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"sla-pro\", \"inh\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}: {\"categories\": [\"Polish 1-syllable words\", \"Polish conjunctions\", \"Polish entries with incorrect language header\", \"Polish lemmas\", \"Polish particles\", \"Polish terms derived from Old Polish\", \"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic\", \"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish\", \"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic\", \"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Polish terms with audio links\", \"Rhymes:Polish/\\u0268\", \"Rhymes:Polish/\\u0268/1 syllable\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"sla-pro\", \"inh\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"zlw-opl\", \"3\": \"by\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Polish by\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"zlw-opl\", \"3\": \"by\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Old Polish by\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Old Polish by.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"no-table-tags\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"table-tags\"]}, {\"form\": \"pl-decl-combined-forms\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"inflection-template\"]}, {\"form\": \"bym\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-first-person\", \"object-singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"by\\u015bmy\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-first-person\", \"object-plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"by\\u015b\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-second-person\", \"object-singular\"]}, {\"form\": \"by\\u015bcie\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-plural\", \"object-second-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"by\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-singular\", \"object-third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"by\", \"source\": \"declension\", \"tags\": [\"combined-form\", \"object-plural\", \"object-third-person\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"conjunction\"}, \"expansion\": \"by\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"by\"], \"inflection_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"name\": \"pl-decl-combined-forms\"}], \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"lang_code\": \"pl\", \"pos\": \"conj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause expressing desire or wish; to, so that, for that, in order to [+past tense]\", \"creates a subordinate clause expressing desire or wish; to, so that, for that, in order to\"], \"links\": [[\"to\", \"to\"], [\"so that\", \"so that\"], [\"for that\", \"for that\"], [\"in order to\", \"in order to\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause expressing desire or wish; to, so that, for that, in order to [+past tense]\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aby\"}, {\"word\": \"a\\u017ceby\"}, {\"word\": \"\\u017ceby\"}]}, {\"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Near-synonyms: bodaj, bodajby, byle, byleby, niech, niechaj, niechaj\\u017ce, niechby, niech\\u017ce, oby\"}], \"glosses\": [\"creates an optative clause; if only, had better, let [+past tense]\", \"creates an optative clause; if only, had better, let\"], \"links\": [[\"optative\", \"optative#English\"], [\"if only\", \"if only\"], [\"had better\", \"had better\"], [\"let\", \"let\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"creates an optative clause; if only, had better, let [+past tense]\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause expressing aim or purpose, one's goal; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]\", \"creates a subordinate clause expressing aim or purpose, one's goal; to, so that, for that, in order to\"], \"links\": [[\"to\", \"to\"], [\"so that\", \"so that\"], [\"for that\", \"for that\"], [\"in order to\", \"in order to\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause expressing aim or purpose, one's goal; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aby\"}, {\"word\": \"a\\u017ceby\"}, {\"word\": \"\\u017ceby\"}]}, {\"glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]\", \"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to\"], \"links\": [[\"to\", \"to\"], [\"so that\", \"so that\"], [\"for that\", \"for that\"], [\"in order to\", \"in order to\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"creates a subordinate clause in which one states the possibility of something depends on something else; to, so that, for that, in order to [+infinitive]\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aby\"}, {\"word\": \"a\\u017ceby\"}, {\"word\": \"\\u017ceby\"}]}, {\"glosses\": [\"introduces a subordinate clause relating a following event with a previous one that is not caused by the first event; just to, only to [+infinitive]\", \"introduces a subordinate clause relating a following event with a previous one that is not caused by the first event; just to, only to\"], \"links\": [[\"just to\", \"just to\"], [\"only to\", \"only to\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"introduces a subordinate clause relating a following event with a previous one that is not caused by the first event; just to, only to [+infinitive]\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"aby\"}, {\"word\": \"a\\u017ceby\"}]}, {\"glosses\": [\"introduces a subordinate clause expression doubt; if\"], \"links\": [[\"if\", \"if\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"a\\u017ceby\"}, {\"word\": \"\\u017ceby\"}]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/b\\u0268/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/\\u02c8b\\u0268/\", \"tags\": [\"Middle\", \"Polish\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-\\u0268\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"pl:Ida Kurcz\"], \"word\": \"by\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "conj",
"title": "by",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.