See -ca in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ca<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ców",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-com",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ców",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-co",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "-ca m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 10 3 61 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 13 1 62 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "dawać + -ca → dawca",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms agent nouns"
],
"id": "en--ca-pl-suffix-Cj6~GR04",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "-ca"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ca<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ec",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-com",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-co",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "masculine",
"4": "-ec",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "-ce",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ca f (masculine -ec, neuter -ce)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Proto-Slavic *ovь + -ca → owca",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns"
],
"id": "en--ca-pl-suffix-B1W2ZJGR",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "-ca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine suffixes",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish personal suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/a",
"Rhymes:Polish/a/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ca<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ców",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-com",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ców",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-co",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "-ca m pers",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "dawać + -ca → dawca",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms agent nouns"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "-ca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine suffixes",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish personal suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/a",
"Rhymes:Polish/a/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:-ca<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-ьca\nOld Polish -ca\nPolish -ca\nInherited from Old Polish -ca.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ec",
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-com",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-co",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "masculine",
"4": "-ec",
"5": "neuter",
"6": "-ce",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-ca f (masculine -ec, neuter -ce)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-ca"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"ca"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Proto-Slavic *ovь + -ca → owca",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms feminine nouns"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "-ca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ca meaning in Polish (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.