See -ak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*-akъ>person nouns",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀkas\nProto-Slavic *-akъ\nPolish -ak",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-akъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-akъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-akъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-akъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀkas\nProto-Slavic *-akъ\nPolish -ak\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-akъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-acy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ak m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "-ę"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 17 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 20 17 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 15 12 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 9 10 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 13 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 12 10 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 11 10 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Warszawa + -ak → warszawiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kraków + -ak → krakowiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Poznań + -ak → poznaniak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form demonyms"
],
"id": "en--ak-pl-suffix-0LgW3xOT",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "spacer + -ak → spacerniak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "miedź + -ak → miedziak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "buzia + -ak → buziak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "prosty + -ak → prostak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pić + -ak → pijak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form various nouns, many of them colloquial"
],
"id": "en--ak-pl-suffix-YXIiZm8v",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "szczypiorek + -ak → szczypiorniak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kujawy + -ak → kujawiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kraków + -ak → krakowiak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form names of dances and sports"
],
"id": "en--ak-pl-suffix-uu60-0Yn",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gęś + -ak → gęsiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kaczka + -ak → kaczak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form diminutives of animals"
],
"id": "en--ak-pl-suffix-rh4IkHfy",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ę"
},
{
"word": "ątko"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
}
],
"word": "-ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with Template:pl-pr without syllabification",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ak",
"Rhymes:Polish/ak/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*-akъ>person nouns",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀkas\nProto-Slavic *-akъ\nPolish -ak",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-akъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-akъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-akъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-akъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀkas\nProto-Slavic *-akъ\nPolish -ak\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-akъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-acy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-acy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aków",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-akiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-akach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-aku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-aki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-ak m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"[please"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-pers"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-ani"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-a",
"2": "k",
"3": "a"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-masc-inani"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ę"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Warszawa + -ak → warszawiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kraków + -ak → krakowiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Poznań + -ak → poznaniak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form demonyms"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "spacer + -ak → spacerniak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "miedź + -ak → miedziak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "buzia + -ak → buziak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "prosty + -ak → prostak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pić + -ak → pijak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form various nouns, many of them colloquial"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "szczypiorek + -ak → szczypiorniak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kujawy + -ak → kujawiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Kraków + -ak → krakowiak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form names of dances and sports"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gęś + -ak → gęsiak",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "kaczka + -ak → kaczak",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form diminutives of animals"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ę"
},
{
"word": "ątko"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ak/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ak"
}
],
"word": "-ak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ak meaning in Polish (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.