"روم" meaning in Persian

See روم in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: [ɾuːm] [Classical-Persian], [ruːm] [Dari, formal], [ruːm] [Dari, formal], [ruːm] [Kabuli], [rum] (note: Hazaragi), [ɹuːm] [Iran, formal], [ɾum] [Tajik, formal] Forms: Rum [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. In particular application to central Anatolia, from such use in Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish. Etymology templates: {{der|fa|pal|𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬|tr=Hrōm}} Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm), {{der|fa|gkm|Ῥώμη||Rome}} Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”), {{m|gkm|Ῥωμανία||Byzantine Empire}} Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), {{der|fa|la|Romanus|Romani|Romans}} Latin Romani (“Romans”), {{m|fa|Roma||Rome}} Roma (“Rome”), {{der|fa|trk-oat|-}} Old Anatolian Turkish Head templates: {{head|fa|proper noun|||||head=|head2=|head3=|head4=|id=|tr=Rum|tr2=|tr3=|tr4=}} روم • (Rum), {{fa-proper noun|tr=Rum}} روم • (Rum)
  1. (obsolete or archaic) Synonym of رُم (Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy) Tags: archaic, obsolete Categories (place): Cities in Italy, National capitals, Places in Italy, Rome Synonyms: رُم [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-name-8baDla7g
  2. (historical) Ancient Rome (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa) Tags: historical Categories (place): Historical polities
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-name-hyfPLf4p Categories (other): Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Persian entries with incorrect language header, Persian terms in nonstandard scripts Disambiguation of Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 5 6 22 6 11 1 3 20 16 3 8 Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 7 33 27 5 23 6 Disambiguation of Persian terms in nonstandard scripts: 9 32 29 6 24
  3. (historical, dated) Synonym of بیزانس (Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa) Tags: dated, historical Categories (place): Historical polities Synonyms: بیزانس [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-name-3uzmikBd Categories (other): Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Persian entries with incorrect language header, Persian terms in nonstandard scripts Disambiguation of Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 5 6 22 6 11 1 3 20 16 3 8 Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 7 33 27 5 23 6 Disambiguation of Persian terms in nonstandard scripts: 9 32 29 6 24
  4. (archaic) Synonym of آناتولی (Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia) Tags: archaic Categories (place): Regions of Asia Synonyms: آناتولی [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-name-exyBc3wa
  5. (historical, dated) Synonym of امپراتوری عثمانی (Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa) Tags: dated, historical Categories (place): Historical polities Synonyms: امپراتوری عثمانی [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-name-vs~6~ZbB Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header, Persian terms in nonstandard scripts Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 7 33 27 5 23 6 Disambiguation of Persian terms in nonstandard scripts: 9 32 29 6 24
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: رومی (rumi), یا رومی روم، یا زنگی زنگ (yâ rumi-ye rum, yâ zangi-ye zang), نه رومی روم، نه زنگی زنگ (na rumi-ye rum, na zangi-ye zang)
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [roːm] [Dari, formal] Forms: rôm [romanization]
Etymology: From English Rome. Etymology templates: {{bor|fa|en|Rome}} English Rome Head templates: {{head|fa|proper noun|||||head=|head2=|head3=|head4=|id=|tr=rôm|tr2=|tr3=|tr4=}} روم • (rôm), {{fa-proper noun|tr=rôm}} روم • (rôm)
  1. (Dari) Rome (the capital of Italy) Tags: Dari Categories (place): Cities in Italy, National capitals, Places in Italy, Rome
    Sense id: en-روم-fa-noun-5qtlyz4H Categories (other): Dari
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for روم meaning in Persian (10.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rumi",
      "word": "رومی"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yâ rumi-ye rum, yâ zangi-ye zang",
      "word": "یا رومی روم، یا زنگی زنگ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "na rumi-ye rum, na zangi-ye zang",
      "word": "نه رومی روم، نه زنگی زنگ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
        "tr": "Hrōm"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "gkm",
        "3": "Ῥώμη",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "Ῥωμανία",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Byzantine Empire"
      },
      "expansion": "Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Romanus",
        "4": "Romani",
        "5": "Romans"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "Roma",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "Roma (“Rome”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "trk-oat",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. In particular application to central Anatolia, from such use in Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Rum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "Rum",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (Rum)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "Rum"
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (Rum)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Cities in Italy",
          "orig": "fa:Cities in Italy",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "National capitals",
          "orig": "fa:National capitals",
          "parents": [
            "Capital cities",
            "Cities",
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Places in Italy",
          "orig": "fa:Places in Italy",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Rome",
          "orig": "fa:Rome",
          "parents": [
            "Lazio",
            "Italy",
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "روم باستان ― rum-e bâstân ― Ancient Rome",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of رُم (Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-name-8baDla7g",
      "links": [
        [
          "رُم",
          "رم#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Rome",
          "Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Italy",
          "Italy#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or archaic) Synonym of رُم (Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "رُم"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Historical polities",
          "orig": "fa:Historical polities",
          "parents": [
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 6 22 6 11 1 3 20 16 3 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 33 27 5 23 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 32 29 6 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Roman Republic",
          "roman": "jomhuri-ye rum",
          "text": "جمهوری روم",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ancient Rome (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-name-hyfPLf4p",
      "links": [
        [
          "Ancient Rome",
          "Ancient Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Ancient Rome (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Historical polities",
          "orig": "fa:Historical polities",
          "parents": [
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 6 22 6 11 1 3 20 16 3 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 33 27 5 23 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 32 29 6 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of بیزانس (Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-name-3uzmikBd",
      "links": [
        [
          "بیزانس",
          "بیزانس#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Byzantine Empire",
          "Byzantine Empire#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, dated) Synonym of بیزانس (Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "بیزانس"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Regions of Asia",
          "orig": "fa:Regions of Asia",
          "parents": [
            "Regions",
            "Places",
            "Asia",
            "Political subdivisions",
            "Names",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Polities",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of آناتولی (Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-name-exyBc3wa",
      "links": [
        [
          "آناتولی",
          "آناتولی#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Anatolia",
          "Anatolia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Synonym of آناتولی (Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "آناتولی"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Historical polities",
          "orig": "fa:Historical polities",
          "parents": [
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 33 27 5 23 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 32 29 6 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of امپراتوری عثمانی (Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-name-vs~6~ZbB",
      "links": [
        [
          "امپراتوری عثمانی",
          "امپراتوری عثمانی#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Ottoman Empire",
          "Ottoman Empire#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, dated) Synonym of امپراتوری عثمانی (Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "امپراتوری عثمانی"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾuːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[rum]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɹuːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾum]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Shahnama"
  ],
  "word": "روم"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "English Rome",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From English Rome.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rôm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "rôm",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (rôm)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "rôm"
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (rôm)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dari",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Cities in Italy",
          "orig": "fa:Cities in Italy",
          "parents": [
            "Cities",
            "Places",
            "Polities",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "National capitals",
          "orig": "fa:National capitals",
          "parents": [
            "Capital cities",
            "Cities",
            "Polities",
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Places in Italy",
          "orig": "fa:Places in Italy",
          "parents": [
            "Places",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Rome",
          "orig": "fa:Rome",
          "parents": [
            "Lazio",
            "Italy",
            "Europe",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "id": "en-روم-fa-noun-5qtlyz4H",
      "links": [
        [
          "Rome",
          "Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Italy",
          "Italy#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Dari) Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Dari"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[roːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "روم"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian proper nouns",
    "Persian terms borrowed from English",
    "Persian terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
    "Persian terms derived from English",
    "Persian terms derived from Latin",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Old Anatolian Turkish",
    "Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "rumi",
      "word": "رومی"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yâ rumi-ye rum, yâ zangi-ye zang",
      "word": "یا رومی روم، یا زنگی زنگ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "na rumi-ye rum, na zangi-ye zang",
      "word": "نه رومی روم، نه زنگی زنگ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬",
        "tr": "Hrōm"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "gkm",
        "3": "Ῥώμη",
        "4": "",
        "5": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gkm",
        "2": "Ῥωμανία",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Byzantine Empire"
      },
      "expansion": "Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "Romanus",
        "4": "Romani",
        "5": "Romans"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin Romani (“Romans”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "Roma",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "Roma (“Rome”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "trk-oat",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm), from Byzantine Greek Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē, “Rome”) and Ῥωμανία (Rhōmanía, “Byzantine Empire”), from Latin Romani (“Romans”), from Roma (“Rome”) of uncertain origin. In particular application to central Anatolia, from such use in Seljuk Old Anatolian Turkish.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Rum",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "Rum",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (Rum)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "Rum"
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (Rum)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "Persian terms with obsolete senses",
        "Persian terms with usage examples",
        "fa:Cities in Italy",
        "fa:National capitals",
        "fa:Places in Italy",
        "fa:Rome"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "روم باستان ― rum-e bâstân ― Ancient Rome",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of رُم (Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "رُم",
          "رم#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Rome",
          "Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Italy",
          "Italy#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete or archaic) Synonym of رُم (Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Rom), Rome (the capital of Italy)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "رُم"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with historical senses",
        "Persian terms with usage examples",
        "fa:Historical polities"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Roman Republic",
          "roman": "jomhuri-ye rum",
          "text": "جمهوری روم",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ancient Rome (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Ancient Rome",
          "Ancient Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Ancient Rome (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian dated terms",
        "Persian terms with historical senses",
        "fa:Historical polities"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of بیزانس (Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "بیزانس",
          "بیزانس#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Byzantine Empire",
          "Byzantine Empire#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, dated) Synonym of بیزانس (Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Bizâns), Byzantine Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "بیزانس"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses",
        "fa:Regions of Asia"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of آناتولی (Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "آناتولی",
          "آناتولی#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Anatolia",
          "Anatolia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Synonym of آناتولی (Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Ânâtoli), Anatolia (a region of southwestern Asia)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "آناتولی"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian dated terms",
        "Persian terms with historical senses",
        "fa:Historical polities"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of امپراتوری عثمانی (Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "امپراتوری عثمانی",
          "امپراتوری عثمانی#Persian"
        ],
        [
          "Ottoman Empire",
          "Ottoman Empire#English"
        ],
        [
          "Europe",
          "Europe#English"
        ],
        [
          "Asia",
          "Asia#English"
        ],
        [
          "Africa",
          "Africa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, dated) Synonym of امپراتوری عثمانی (Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "(Emperâturi 'Osmâni), Ottoman Empire (a former country in Europe, Asia and Africa)",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "امپراتوری عثمانی"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾuːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ruːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[rum]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɹuːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɾum]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Shahnama"
  ],
  "word": "روم"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian proper nouns",
    "Persian terms borrowed from English",
    "Persian terms derived from English",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "Rome"
      },
      "expansion": "English Rome",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From English Rome.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "rôm",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": "",
        "id": "",
        "tr": "rôm",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": "",
        "tr4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (rôm)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "rôm"
      },
      "expansion": "روم • (rôm)",
      "name": "fa-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dari",
        "fa:Cities in Italy",
        "fa:National capitals",
        "fa:Places in Italy",
        "fa:Rome"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Rome",
          "Rome#English"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Italy",
          "Italy#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Dari) Rome (the capital of Italy)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Dari"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[roːm]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "روم"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.