"دستور" meaning in Persian

See دستور in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [das.tuːɾ] [Classical-Persian], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Dari, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Dari, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Kabuli], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ] [Iran, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ] [Tajik, formal] Audio: LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav Forms: دَسْتور [canonical], dastur [romanization], دستورها [plural]
Etymology: Multiple origins have been proposed: * From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”). * From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). * Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”). Etymology templates: {{etymon|fa|unc|دَسْت>hand|id=command}}, {{der|fa|ira-pro||*dasta-bara-}} Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, {{der|fa|iir-pro|*ȷ́ʰástas|t=hand}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*bʰer-|t=to bear, carry}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”), {{der|fa|ira-pro|*danh-|t=to teach, instruct}} Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*dens-|t=to become skillful; to instruct, teach}} Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), {{cog|grc|διδάσκω|t=to teach}} Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”), {{cog|hit|t=strong|tr=dassu-}} Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|دستورها|||||f1tr=dastur-hâ|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=دَسْتور|head2=|head3=|tr=dastur|tr2=|tr3=}} دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ)), {{fa-noun|head=دَسْتور|pl=دستورها|tr=dastur}} دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))
  1. command, order
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-sPl09Ugy
  2. method, manner, procedure, way
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-JyuOyEiN
  3. guideline, rule
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-v3aiQiIX
  4. permission, leave, authority
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-mU2KRZU4
  5. basis, foundation
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-c35r-VwN
  6. model, example, exemplar
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-GbvmT1s5
  7. (law, government) constitution Categories (topical): Government, Law
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-65p2UM1T Topics: government, law
  8. (archaic) statesman, vizier Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-fuhRzhIo
  9. (linguistics) grammar Categories (topical): Linguistics
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-4F64pKJV Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  10. (Zoroastrianism) dastur Categories (topical): Zoroastrianism
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-rSR~UAgI Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 5 1 3 1 1 8 12 4 9 1 1 1 4 1 3 1 2 7 17 1 1 1 17 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 1 2 1 1 9 14 2 9 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 4 21 1 1 1 21 Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 1 5 2 13 5 4 3 11 23 34 Topics: Zoroastrianism, lifestyle, religion
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: دستوری (dasturi)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dasturi",
      "word": "دستوری"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "دُسْتُور",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "দস্তুর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dastur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: dastur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: dastur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "დასტური",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "दस्तूर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "دَسْتُور"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "дәстүр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ku",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "دەستور"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "destûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: destûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: destûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "դաստուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դաստուր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "دستور",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "destur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਦਸਤੂਰ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "دەستۇر",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Uyghur: دەستۇر (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Uyghur: دەستۇر (destur)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "unc",
        "3": "دَسْت>hand",
        "id": "command"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dasta-bara-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ȷ́ʰástas",
        "t": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to bear, carry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*danh-",
        "t": "to teach, instruct"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dens-",
        "t": "to become skillful; to instruct, teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "διδάσκω",
        "t": "to teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "strong",
        "tr": "dassu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Multiple origins have been proposed:\n* From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”).\n* From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).\n* Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "دَسْتور",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dastur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دستورها",
      "roman": "dastur-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "دستورها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "dastur-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "dastur",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "pl": "دستورها",
        "tr": "dastur"
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "command, order"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-sPl09Ugy",
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "method, manner, procedure, way"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-JyuOyEiN",
      "links": [
        [
          "method",
          "method"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner"
        ],
        [
          "procedure",
          "procedure"
        ],
        [
          "way",
          "way"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guideline, rule"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-v3aiQiIX",
      "links": [
        [
          "guideline",
          "guideline"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "permission, leave, authority"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-mU2KRZU4",
      "links": [
        [
          "permission",
          "permission"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "basis, foundation"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-c35r-VwN",
      "links": [
        [
          "basis",
          "basis"
        ],
        [
          "foundation",
          "foundation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "model, example, exemplar"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-GbvmT1s5",
      "links": [
        [
          "model",
          "model"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "exemplar",
          "exemplar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Government",
          "orig": "fa:Government",
          "parents": [
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "fa:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "constitution"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-65p2UM1T",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "constitution",
          "constitution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, government) constitution"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-fuhRzhIo",
      "links": [
        [
          "statesman",
          "statesman"
        ],
        [
          "vizier",
          "vizier"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "fa:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grammar"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-4F64pKJV",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) grammar"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Zoroastrianism",
          "orig": "fa:Zoroastrianism",
          "parents": [
            "Ancient Near East",
            "Religion",
            "Ancient Asia",
            "Ancient history",
            "Culture",
            "History of Asia",
            "History",
            "Society",
            "Asia",
            "All topics",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 1 3 1 1 8 12 4 9 1 1 1 4 1 3 1 2 7 17 1 1 1 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 2 1 1 9 14 2 9 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 4 21 1 1 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 5 2 13 5 4 3 11 23 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dastur"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-rSR~UAgI",
      "links": [
        [
          "Zoroastrianism",
          "Zoroastrianism"
        ],
        [
          "dastur",
          "dastur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Zoroastrianism) dastur"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Zoroastrianism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[das.tuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "دستور"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰes-",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "dasturi",
      "word": "دستوری"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "دُسْتُور",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "দস্তুর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dastur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: dastur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: dastur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "დასტური",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-hnd",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "दस्तूर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "دَسْتُور"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "дәстүр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ku",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kurdish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "دەستور"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "destûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: destûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: destûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "դաստուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դաստուր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "دستور",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "destur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਦਸਤੂਰ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "دەستۇر",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Uyghur: دەستۇر (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Uyghur: دەستۇر (destur)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "unc",
        "3": "دَسْت>hand",
        "id": "command"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dasta-bara-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ȷ́ʰástas",
        "t": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to bear, carry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*danh-",
        "t": "to teach, instruct"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dens-",
        "t": "to become skillful; to instruct, teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "διδάσκω",
        "t": "to teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "strong",
        "tr": "dassu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Multiple origins have been proposed:\n* From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”).\n* From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).\n* Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "دَسْتور",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dastur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دستورها",
      "roman": "dastur-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "دستورها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "dastur-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "dastur",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "pl": "دستورها",
        "tr": "dastur"
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "command, order"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "method, manner, procedure, way"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "method",
          "method"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner"
        ],
        [
          "procedure",
          "procedure"
        ],
        [
          "way",
          "way"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guideline, rule"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guideline",
          "guideline"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "permission, leave, authority"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "permission",
          "permission"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "basis, foundation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "basis",
          "basis"
        ],
        [
          "foundation",
          "foundation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "model, example, exemplar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "model",
          "model"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "exemplar",
          "exemplar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Government",
        "fa:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "constitution"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "constitution",
          "constitution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, government) constitution"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "statesman",
          "statesman"
        ],
        [
          "vizier",
          "vizier"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grammar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) grammar"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Zoroastrianism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dastur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Zoroastrianism",
          "Zoroastrianism"
        ],
        [
          "dastur",
          "dastur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Zoroastrianism) dastur"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Zoroastrianism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[das.tuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "دستور"
}

Download raw JSONL data for دستور meaning in Persian (8.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.