"دستور" meaning in Persian

See دستور in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [das.tuːɾ] [Classical-Persian], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Dari, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Dari, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ] [Kabuli], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ] (note: Hazaragi), [d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ] [Iran, formal], [d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ] [Tajik, formal] Audio: LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav Forms: دَسْتور [canonical], dastur [romanization], دستورها [plural]
Etymology: Multiple origins have been proposed: * From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”). * From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). * Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”). Etymology templates: {{m|fa|دست|gloss=hand|tr=dast}} دست (dast, “hand”), {{m|fa|اور|gloss=fist|tr=ur}} اور (ur, “fist”), {{der|fa|ira-pro||*dasta-bara-}} Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, {{der|fa|iir-pro|*ȷ́ʰástas|t=hand}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*bʰer-|t=to bear, carry}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”), {{der|fa|ira-pro|*danh-|t=to teach, instruct}} Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), {{der|fa|ine-pro|*dens-|t=to become skillful; to instruct, teach}} Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), {{cog|grc|διδάσκω|t=to teach}} Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”), {{cog|hit|t=strong|tr=dassu-}} Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|plural|دستورها|||||f1tr=dastur-hâ|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=دَسْتور|head2=|head3=|tr=dastur|tr2=|tr3=}} دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ)), {{fa-noun|head=دَسْتور|pl=دستورها|tr=dastur}} دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))
  1. command, order
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-sPl09Ugy
  2. method, manner, procedure, way
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-JyuOyEiN
  3. guideline, rule
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-v3aiQiIX
  4. permission, leave, authority
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-mU2KRZU4
  5. basis, foundation
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-c35r-VwN
  6. model, example, exemplar
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-GbvmT1s5
  7. (law, government) constitution Categories (topical): Government, Law
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-65p2UM1T Topics: government, law
  8. (archaic) statesman, vizier Tags: archaic
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-fuhRzhIo
  9. (linguistics) grammar (دستور زبان (dastur-e zabân)) Categories (topical): Linguistics
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-dXJHVXkW Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  10. (Zoroastrianism) dastur Categories (topical): Zoroastrianism
    Sense id: en-دستور-fa-noun-rSR~UAgI Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 1 5 3 8 6 4 3 13 21 36 Topics: Zoroastrianism, lifestyle, religion
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: دستوری (dasturi)

Download JSON data for دستور meaning in Persian (9.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "dasturi",
      "word": "دستوری"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "دُسْتُور",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "দস্তুর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dastur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: dastur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: dastur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "დასტური",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "दस्तूर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "دَسْتُور"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "дәстүр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "دەستور"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "destûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: destûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: destûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "դաստուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դաստուր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "دستور",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "destur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਦਸਤੂਰ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "دست",
        "gloss": "hand",
        "tr": "dast"
      },
      "expansion": "دست (dast, “hand”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "اور",
        "gloss": "fist",
        "tr": "ur"
      },
      "expansion": "اور (ur, “fist”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dasta-bara-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ȷ́ʰástas",
        "t": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to bear, carry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*danh-",
        "t": "to teach, instruct"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dens-",
        "t": "to become skillful; to instruct, teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "διδάσκω",
        "t": "to teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "strong",
        "tr": "dassu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Multiple origins have been proposed:\n* From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”).\n* From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).\n* Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "دَسْتور",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dastur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دستورها",
      "roman": "dastur-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "دستورها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "dastur-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "dastur",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "pl": "دستورها",
        "tr": "dastur"
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "command, order"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-sPl09Ugy",
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "method, manner, procedure, way"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-JyuOyEiN",
      "links": [
        [
          "method",
          "method"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner"
        ],
        [
          "procedure",
          "procedure"
        ],
        [
          "way",
          "way"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guideline, rule"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-v3aiQiIX",
      "links": [
        [
          "guideline",
          "guideline"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "permission, leave, authority"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-mU2KRZU4",
      "links": [
        [
          "permission",
          "permission"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "basis, foundation"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-c35r-VwN",
      "links": [
        [
          "basis",
          "basis"
        ],
        [
          "foundation",
          "foundation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "model, example, exemplar"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-GbvmT1s5",
      "links": [
        [
          "model",
          "model"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "exemplar",
          "exemplar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Government",
          "orig": "fa:Government",
          "parents": [
            "Politics",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "fa:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "constitution"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-65p2UM1T",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "constitution",
          "constitution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, government) constitution"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-fuhRzhIo",
      "links": [
        [
          "statesman",
          "statesman"
        ],
        [
          "vizier",
          "vizier"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "fa:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grammar (دستور زبان (dastur-e zabân))"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-dXJHVXkW",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "دستور زبان",
          "دستور زبان#Persian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) grammar (دستور زبان (dastur-e zabân))"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fa",
          "name": "Zoroastrianism",
          "orig": "fa:Zoroastrianism",
          "parents": [
            "Ancient Near East",
            "Religion",
            "Ancient Asia",
            "Ancient history",
            "Culture",
            "History of Asia",
            "History",
            "Society",
            "Asia",
            "All topics",
            "Earth",
            "Eurasia",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 5 3 8 6 4 3 13 21 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dastur"
      ],
      "id": "en-دستور-fa-noun-rSR~UAgI",
      "links": [
        [
          "Zoroastrianism",
          "Zoroastrianism"
        ],
        [
          "dastur",
          "dastur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Zoroastrianism) dastur"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Zoroastrianism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[das.tuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "دستور"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Persian terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "dasturi",
      "word": "دستوری"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "دُسْتُور",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: دُسْتُور (dustūr)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (düstur)\nTurkish: düstur\n→ Swahili: desturi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bn",
            "2": "দস্তুর",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Bengali: দস্তুর (dostur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "dastur",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: dastur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: dastur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "დასტური",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: დასტური (dasṭuri)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindustani:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "दस्तूर"
          },
          "expansion": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hindi: दस्तूर (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ur",
            "2": "دَسْتُور"
          },
          "expansion": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Urdu: دَسْتُور (dastūr)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "дәстүр",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kazakh: дәстүр (dästür)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "borrowed",
            "2": "→"
          },
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "tooltip"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "→",
          "name": "→"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kurdish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ckb",
            "2": "دەستور"
          },
          "expansion": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Central Kurdish: دەستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kmr",
            "2": "destûr"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Kurdish: destûr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Kurdish: destûr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "axm",
            "2": "դաստուր",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "դաստուր"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: դաստուր (dastur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "دستور",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "destur"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دستور (destur)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pa",
            "2": "ਦਸਤੂਰ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Punjabi: ਦਸਤੂਰ (dastūr)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "دست",
        "gloss": "hand",
        "tr": "dast"
      },
      "expansion": "دست (dast, “hand”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "اور",
        "gloss": "fist",
        "tr": "ur"
      },
      "expansion": "اور (ur, “fist”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dasta-bara-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ȷ́ʰástas",
        "t": "hand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰer-",
        "t": "to bear, carry"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*danh-",
        "t": "to teach, instruct"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dens-",
        "t": "to become skillful; to instruct, teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "διδάσκω",
        "t": "to teach"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "t": "strong",
        "tr": "dassu-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Multiple origins have been proposed:\n* From دست (dast, “hand”) and اور (ur, “fist”).\n* From Proto-Iranian *dasta-bara-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰástas (“hand”) + Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).\n* Alternatively, from Proto-Iranian *danh- (“to teach, instruct”), from Proto-Indo-European *dens- (“to become skillful; to instruct, teach”), and cognate with Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō, “to teach”) and Hittite [script needed] (dassu-, “strong”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "دَسْتور",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dastur",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دستورها",
      "roman": "dastur-hâ",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "plural",
        "4": "دستورها",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "dastur-hâ",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "dastur",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "دَسْتور",
        "pl": "دستورها",
        "tr": "dastur"
      },
      "expansion": "دَسْتور • (dastur) (plural دستورها (dastur-hâ))",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "command, order"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "command",
          "command"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "method, manner, procedure, way"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "method",
          "method"
        ],
        [
          "manner",
          "manner"
        ],
        [
          "procedure",
          "procedure"
        ],
        [
          "way",
          "way"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "guideline, rule"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guideline",
          "guideline"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "permission, leave, authority"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "permission",
          "permission"
        ],
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "basis, foundation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "basis",
          "basis"
        ],
        [
          "foundation",
          "foundation"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "model, example, exemplar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "model",
          "model"
        ],
        [
          "example",
          "example"
        ],
        [
          "exemplar",
          "exemplar"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Government",
        "fa:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "constitution"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "government",
          "government"
        ],
        [
          "constitution",
          "constitution"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, government) constitution"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "statesman",
          "statesman"
        ],
        [
          "vizier",
          "vizier"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) statesman, vizier"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grammar (دستور زبان (dastur-e zabân))"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "دستور زبان",
          "دستور زبان#Persian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) grammar (دستور زبان (dastur-e zabân))"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "fa:Zoroastrianism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dastur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Zoroastrianism",
          "Zoroastrianism"
        ],
        [
          "dastur",
          "dastur"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Zoroastrianism) dastur"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Zoroastrianism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[das.tuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuːɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪æs.t̪ʰuːɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[d̪äs.t̪ʰuɾ]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9168 (fas)-Darafsh-دستور.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav/LL-Q9168_%28fas%29-Darafsh-%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "دستور"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.