"ارس" meaning in Persian

See ارس in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: [ʔa.ˈɾas] [Classical-Persian], [ʔä.ɾǽs] [Dari, formal], [ʔä.ɾǽs] [Dari, formal], [ʔä.ɾǽs] [Kabuli], [ʔä.ɾǽs] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔæ.ɹǽs] [Iran, formal], [ʔä.ɾǽs] [Tajik, formal] Forms: aras [romanization]
Etymology: Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”), akin to Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”). Compare Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx), Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs), Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi), Iranian borrowings. Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*Raxsā-||swift-flowing}} Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”), {{cog|sa|रङ्घते||to hasten, run}} Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”), {{cog|xcl|Երասխ}} Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx), {{cog|grc|Ἀράξης}} Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs), {{cog|oge|რახსი}} Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=aras|tr2=|tr3=}} ارس • (aras), {{fa-noun|tr=aras}} ارس • (aras)
  1. Araks, Aras
    Sense id: en-ارس-fa-name-JXvyRPiV Categories (other): Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 46 52 1 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Proper name

IPA: [ʔo.ɹós] [Iran, formal] Forms: oros [romanization]
Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=oros|tr2=|tr3=}} ارس • (oros), {{fa-noun|tr=oros}} ارس • (oros)
  1. (Iran, archaic) Rus, Russia Tags: Iran, archaic Synonyms: روس, روسیه
    Sense id: en-ارس-fa-name--8hHCITG Categories (other): Iranian Persian, Persian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Persian entries with incorrect language header: 46 52 1 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Noun

IPA: [ʔaɾs] [Classical-Persian], [ʔäɹs] [Dari, formal], [ʔäɹs] [Dari, formal], [ʔäɹs] [Kabuli], [ʔäɹs] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔæɹs] [Iran, formal], [ʔäɹs] [Tajik, formal] Forms: ars [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”), from Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”). Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|pal|𐫀𐫡𐫘|t=tear|ts=ars}} Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”), {{inh|fa|ira-pro|*Hácru|t=tear}} Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”), {{inh|fa|iir-pro|*Háćru|t=tear}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”), {{inh|fa|ine-pro|*h₂éḱru|t=tear}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=ars|tr2=|tr3=}} ارس • (ars), {{fa-noun|tr=ars}} ارس • (ars)
  1. (archaic) tear Tags: archaic Synonyms: اشک
    Sense id: en-ارس-fa-noun-T4rAuMEN
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [ʔuɾs] [Classical-Persian], [ʔa.ɾis] [Classical-Persian], [ʔʊɹs] [Dari, formal], [ʔɪ.ɾʊs] [Dari, formal], [ʔʊɹs] [Dari, formal], [ʔɪ.ɾʊs] [Dari, formal], [ʔʊɹs] [Kabuli], [ʔɪ.ɾʊs] [Kabuli], [ʔuɹs] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔu.ɾus] (note: Hazaragi), [ʔoɹs] [Iran, formal], [ʔuɹs] [Tajik, formal] Forms: classical urs [romanization], aris [romanization], iranian ors [romanization]
Etymology: From Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/), borrowed from Northwestern Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā, which has also been inherited as Middle Persian *abuhl, Persian وهل (vohl), ابل (abol), بل (bol), whence via Arabic ابهل (abhol, obhol). Also passed from two Turkic forms as اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča). With a suffix to first forms also in برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”). Etymology templates: {{inh|fa|xmn|tr=ʾbwrs|ts=aburs}} Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/), {{der|fa|ira-nwi}} Northwestern Iranian, {{der|fa|ira-pro|*hampr̥sā}} Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā, {{m+|pal||*abuhl}} Middle Persian *abuhl, {{m+|fa|وهل|tr=vohl}} Persian وهل (vohl), {{m|fa|ابل|tr=abol}} ابل (abol), {{m|fa|بل|tr=bol}} بل (bol), {{m|fa|ابهل|tr=abhol, obhol}} ابهل (abhol, obhol), {{cog|trk}} Turkic, {{doublet|fa|اردج|آرچه|notext=1|t1=juniper|tr1=ardej|tr2=ârča}} اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča), {{m|fa|برسان|t=a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup|tr=barsãn, bersân}} برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”) Head templates: {{head|fa|noun|||||||f1tr=|f2tr=|f3tr=|head=|head2=|head3=|tr=classical urs, aris, iranian ors|tr2=|tr3=}} ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors), {{fa-noun|tr=classical urs, aris, iranian ors}} ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)
  1. juniper Synonyms: سرو کوهی, ورس (vors), برس (burs), آرس (āris), اورس (avirs)
    Sense id: en-ارس-fa-noun-F4QDI-pZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for ارس meaning in Persian (8.5kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐫀𐫡𐫘",
        "t": "tear",
        "ts": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Hácru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*Háćru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éḱru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”), from Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ars",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "ars",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (ars)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (ars)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "tear"
      ],
      "id": "en-ارس-fa-noun-T4rAuMEN",
      "links": [
        [
          "tear",
          "tear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) tear"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "اشک"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔaɾs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "xmn",
        "tr": "ʾbwrs",
        "ts": "aburs"
      },
      "expansion": "Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-nwi"
      },
      "expansion": "Northwestern Iranian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*hampr̥sā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*abuhl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian *abuhl",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "وهل",
        "tr": "vohl"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian وهل (vohl)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابل",
        "tr": "abol"
      },
      "expansion": "ابل (abol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بل",
        "tr": "bol"
      },
      "expansion": "بل (bol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابهل",
        "tr": "abhol, obhol"
      },
      "expansion": "ابهل (abhol, obhol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "اردج",
        "3": "آرچه",
        "notext": "1",
        "t1": "juniper",
        "tr1": "ardej",
        "tr2": "ârča"
      },
      "expansion": "اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča)",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "برسان",
        "t": "a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup",
        "tr": "barsãn, bersân"
      },
      "expansion": "برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/), borrowed from Northwestern Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā, which has also been inherited as Middle Persian *abuhl, Persian وهل (vohl), ابل (abol), بل (bol), whence via Arabic ابهل (abhol, obhol). Also passed from two Turkic forms as اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča). With a suffix to first forms also in برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "classical urs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aris",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iranian ors",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "classical urs, aris, iranian ors",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "classical urs, aris, iranian ors"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "juniper"
      ],
      "id": "en-ارس-fa-noun-F4QDI-pZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "juniper",
          "juniper"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "سرو کوهی"
        },
        {
          "roman": "vors",
          "word": "ورس"
        },
        {
          "roman": "burs",
          "word": "برس"
        },
        {
          "roman": "āris",
          "word": "آرس"
        },
        {
          "roman": "avirs",
          "word": "اورس"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɾs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.ɾis]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɹs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔu.ɾus]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔoɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Raxsā-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "swift-flowing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रङ्घते",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hasten, run"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "Երասխ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Ἀράξης"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "რახსი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”), akin to Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”). Compare Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx), Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs), Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi), Iranian borrowings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aras",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "aras",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (aras)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "aras"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (aras)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 52 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Araks, Aras"
      ],
      "id": "en-ارس-fa-name-JXvyRPiV",
      "links": [
        [
          "Araks",
          "Araks"
        ],
        [
          "Aras",
          "Aras"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.ˈɾas]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæ.ɹǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "oros",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (oros)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "oros"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (oros)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Iranian Persian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 52 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rus, Russia"
      ],
      "id": "en-ارس-fa-name--8hHCITG",
      "links": [
        [
          "Rus",
          "Rus"
        ],
        [
          "Russia",
          "Russia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Iran, archaic) Rus, Russia"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "روس"
        },
        {
          "word": "روسیه"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔo.ɹós]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐫀𐫡𐫘",
        "t": "tear",
        "ts": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Hácru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*Háćru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éḱru",
        "t": "tear"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐫀𐫡𐫘 (ʾrs /⁠ars⁠/, “tear”), from Proto-Iranian *Hácru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru (“tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱru (“tear”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ars",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "ars",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (ars)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "ars"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (ars)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Persian archaic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tear"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tear",
          "tear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) tear"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "اشک"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔaɾs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔäɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Persian doublets",
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Manichaean Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms derived from Northwestern Iranian languages",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Manichaean Middle Persian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Requests for native script for Manichaean Middle Persian terms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "xmn",
        "tr": "ʾbwrs",
        "ts": "aburs"
      },
      "expansion": "Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-nwi"
      },
      "expansion": "Northwestern Iranian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*hampr̥sā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pal",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*abuhl"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian *abuhl",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "وهل",
        "tr": "vohl"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian وهل (vohl)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابل",
        "tr": "abol"
      },
      "expansion": "ابل (abol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "بل",
        "tr": "bol"
      },
      "expansion": "بل (bol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ابهل",
        "tr": "abhol, obhol"
      },
      "expansion": "ابهل (abhol, obhol)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkic",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "اردج",
        "3": "آرچه",
        "notext": "1",
        "t1": "juniper",
        "tr1": "ardej",
        "tr2": "ârča"
      },
      "expansion": "اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča)",
      "name": "doublet"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "برسان",
        "t": "a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup",
        "tr": "barsãn, bersân"
      },
      "expansion": "برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾbwrs /⁠aburs⁠/), borrowed from Northwestern Iranian, from Proto-Iranian *hampr̥sā, which has also been inherited as Middle Persian *abuhl, Persian وهل (vohl), ابل (abol), بل (bol), whence via Arabic ابهل (abhol, obhol). Also passed from two Turkic forms as اردج (ardej, “juniper”) and آرچه (ârča). With a suffix to first forms also in برسان (barsãn, bersân, “a kind of dark-coloured odoriferous syrup”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "classical urs",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aris",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iranian ors",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "classical urs, aris, iranian ors",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "classical urs, aris, iranian ors"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (classical urs, aris, iranian ors)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "juniper"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "juniper",
          "juniper"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "سرو کوهی"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɾs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.ɾis]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔʊɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔɪ.ɾʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɹs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔu.ɾus]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔoɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔuɹs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "vors",
      "word": "ورس"
    },
    {
      "roman": "burs",
      "word": "برس"
    },
    {
      "roman": "āris",
      "word": "آرس"
    },
    {
      "roman": "avirs",
      "word": "اورس"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "ira-pro",
        "3": "*Raxsā-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "swift-flowing"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रङ्घते",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hasten, run"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "Երասխ"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "Ἀράξης"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oge",
        "2": "რახსი"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Iranian *Raxsā- (“swift-flowing”), akin to Sanskrit रङ्घते (raṅghate, “to hasten, run”). Compare Old Armenian Երասխ (Erasx), Ancient Greek Ἀράξης (Aráxēs), Old Georgian რახსი (raxsi), Iranian borrowings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aras",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "aras",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (aras)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "aras"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (aras)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Araks, Aras"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Araks",
          "Araks"
        ],
        [
          "Aras",
          "Aras"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔa.ˈɾas]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Persian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Dari",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Kabuli"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "note": "Hazaragi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔæ.ɹǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔä.ɾǽs]",
      "tags": [
        "Tajik",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Persian lemmas",
    "Persian nouns",
    "Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oros",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "f1tr": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "f3tr": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "tr": "oros",
        "tr2": "",
        "tr3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (oros)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "oros"
      },
      "expansion": "ارس • (oros)",
      "name": "fa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Persian",
  "lang_code": "fa",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Iranian Persian",
        "Persian archaic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Rus, Russia"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Rus",
          "Rus"
        ],
        [
          "Russia",
          "Russia"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Iran, archaic) Rus, Russia"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "روس"
        },
        {
          "word": "روسیه"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ʔo.ɹós]",
      "tags": [
        "Iran",
        "formal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ارس"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.