See lesa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "lesa" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: lesa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: lesa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "lesa" }, "expansion": "Faroese: lesa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: lesa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "lesa", "3": "lese" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lesa, lese", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lesa, lese" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "lese" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lese", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lese" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "læse" }, "expansion": "Danish: læse", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Danish: læse" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "läsa" }, "expansion": "Swedish: läsa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: läsa" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*les-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*lesaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "legō", "t": "gather, read" }, "expansion": "Latin legō (“gather, read”)", "name": "noncog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "English read", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *lesaną. The sense “read” is derived from West Germanic (Old Saxon or Old High German), a semantic loan of Latin legō (“gather, read”); for reading the Germanic runes, which were in use before the adoption of the Latin alphabet, the usual verb had been ráða (same as English read).", "forms": [ { "form": "las", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lásu", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesinn", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "lesandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "lesinn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "les", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "las", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "last", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "las", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lásum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lásuð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lásu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "les", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "lesask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "lesandisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "lesumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lásumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lásumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lásuzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lásusk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "past participle", "14": "lesinn", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "singular past indicative", "4": "las", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "plural past indicative", "8": "lásu", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "lesa (singular past indicative las, plural past indicative lásu, past participle lesinn)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "lásu", "3": "lesinn" }, "expansion": "lesa (singular past indicative las, plural past indicative lásu, past participle lesinn)", "name": "non-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "les", "1r": "less", "1s": "les", "2": "las", "2s": "las", "3": "lás", "3i": "læs", "4": "les", "class": "5" }, "name": "non-conj-strong" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesum", "impr_2pl": "lesið", "impr_2sg": "les", "infinitive": "lesa", "mp_impr_1pl": "lesumsk", "mp_impr_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_impr_2sg": "lesk", "mp_infinitive": "lesask", "mp_past_ind_1pl": "lásumsk", "mp_past_ind_1sg": "lásumk", "mp_past_ind_2pl": "lásuzk", "mp_past_ind_2sg": "lask", "mp_past_ind_3pl": "lásusk", "mp_past_ind_3sg": "lask", "mp_past_part": "lesizk", "mp_past_sub_1pl": "læsimsk", "mp_past_sub_1sg": "læsumk", "mp_past_sub_2pl": "læsizk", "mp_past_sub_2sg": "læsisk", "mp_past_sub_3pl": "læsisk", "mp_past_sub_3sg": "læsisk", "mp_pres_ind_1pl": "lesumsk", "mp_pres_ind_1sg": "lesumk", "mp_pres_ind_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_pres_ind_2sg": "lesk", "mp_pres_ind_3pl": "lesask", "mp_pres_ind_3sg": "lesk", "mp_pres_part": "lesandisk", "mp_pres_sub_1pl": "lesimsk", "mp_pres_sub_1sg": "lesumk", "mp_pres_sub_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_pres_sub_2sg": "lesisk", "mp_pres_sub_3pl": "lesisk", "mp_pres_sub_3sg": "lesisk", "past_ind_1pl": "lásum", "past_ind_1sg": "las", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuð", "past_ind_2sg": "last", "past_ind_3pl": "lásu", "past_ind_3sg": "las", "past_part": "lesinn", "past_sub_1pl": "læsim", "past_sub_1sg": "læsa", "past_sub_2pl": "læsið", "past_sub_2sg": "læsir", "past_sub_3pl": "læsi", "past_sub_3sg": "læsi", "personal": "yes", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesum", "pres_ind_1sg": "les", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesið", "pres_ind_2sg": "less", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesa", "pres_ind_3sg": "less", "pres_part": "lesandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesim", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesa", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesið", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesir", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesi", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesi", "title1": "Conjugation of lesa — active (strong class 5)", "title2": "Conjugation of lesa — mediopassive (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-blank-full" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesum", "impr_2pl": "lesið", "impr_2sg": "les", "infinitive": "lesa", "mode": "act", "past_ind_1pl": "lásum", "past_ind_1sg": "las", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuð", "past_ind_2sg": "last", "past_ind_3pl": "lásu", "past_ind_3sg": "las", "past_part": "lesinn", "past_sub_1pl": "læsim", "past_sub_1sg": "læsa", "past_sub_2pl": "læsið", "past_sub_2sg": "læsir", "past_sub_3pl": "læsi", "past_sub_3sg": "læsi", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesum", "pres_ind_1sg": "les", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesið", "pres_ind_2sg": "less", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesa", "pres_ind_3sg": "less", "pres_part": "lesandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesim", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesa", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesið", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesir", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesi", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesi", "title": "Conjugation of lesa — active (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "infinitive", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesandi", "2": "pres_part", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesinn", "2": "past_part", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "les", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsa", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "less", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "last", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesir", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsir", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "less", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesi", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsi", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesum", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásum", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesim", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásuð", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásu", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesi", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsi", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "les", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesum", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesumsk", "impr_2pl": "lesizk", "impr_2sg": "lesk", "infinitive": "lesask", "mode": "mpass", "past_ind_1pl": "lásumsk", "past_ind_1sg": "lásumk", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuzk", "past_ind_2sg": "lask", "past_ind_3pl": "lásusk", "past_ind_3sg": "lask", "past_part": "lesizk", "past_sub_1pl": "læsimsk", "past_sub_1sg": "læsumk", "past_sub_2pl": "læsizk", "past_sub_2sg": "læsisk", "past_sub_3pl": "læsisk", "past_sub_3sg": "læsisk", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesumsk", "pres_ind_1sg": "lesumk", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesizk", "pres_ind_2sg": "lesk", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesask", "pres_ind_3sg": "lesk", "pres_part": "lesandisk", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesimsk", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesumk", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesizk", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesisk", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesisk", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesisk", "title": "Conjugation of lesa — mediopassive (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "lesask", "2": "infinitive", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesandisk", "2": "pres_part", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "past_part", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumk", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásumk", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumk", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsumk", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lask", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lask", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumsk", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásumsk", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesimsk", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsimsk", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásuzk", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsizk", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesask", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásusk", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumsk", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "lestr" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to gather, pick" ], "id": "en-lesa-non-verb-G2yjnhFj", "links": [ [ "gather", "gather" ], [ "pick", "pick" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "50 50", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to read" ], "id": "en-lesa-non-verb-OQnC8LFq", "links": [ [ "read", "read" ] ] } ], "word": "lesa" }
{ "categories": [ "Old Norse class 5 strong verbs", "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header", "Old Norse lemmas", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *les-", "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old Norse verbs", "Pages with 13 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "lesa" }, "expansion": "Icelandic: lesa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Icelandic: lesa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fo", "2": "lesa" }, "expansion": "Faroese: lesa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Faroese: lesa" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nn", "2": "lesa", "3": "lese" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lesa, lese", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lesa, lese" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nb", "2": "lese" }, "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lese", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lese" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "læse" }, "expansion": "Danish: læse", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Danish: læse" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "läsa" }, "expansion": "Swedish: läsa", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Swedish: läsa" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*les-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*lesaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *lesaną", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "legō", "t": "gather, read" }, "expansion": "Latin legō (“gather, read”)", "name": "noncog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "English read", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *lesaną. The sense “read” is derived from West Germanic (Old Saxon or Old High German), a semantic loan of Latin legō (“gather, read”); for reading the Germanic runes, which were in use before the adoption of the Latin alphabet, the usual verb had been ráða (same as English read).", "forms": [ { "form": "las", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lásu", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesinn", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "lesandi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "lesinn", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "les", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "las", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "last", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsir", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "las", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lásum", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsim", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lásuð", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lesið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsið", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesa", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lásu", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsi", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "les", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "non-conj-strong", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "lesask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "lesandisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "lesumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lásumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsumk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "lásumsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "past", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsimsk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "past", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lásuzk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "lesizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "læsizk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "lesask", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lásusk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "past", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "lesisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "læsisk", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "past", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "10": "{{{ppast2}}}", "11": "", "12": "{{{ppast3}}}", "13": "past participle", "14": "lesinn", "15": "", "16": "{{{pp2}}}", "2": "verb", "3": "singular past indicative", "4": "las", "5": "", "6": "{{{spast2}}}", "7": "plural past indicative", "8": "lásu", "9": "", "head": "", "tr": "" }, "expansion": "lesa (singular past indicative las, plural past indicative lásu, past participle lesinn)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "lásu", "3": "lesinn" }, "expansion": "lesa (singular past indicative las, plural past indicative lásu, past participle lesinn)", "name": "non-verb" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "les", "1r": "less", "1s": "les", "2": "las", "2s": "las", "3": "lás", "3i": "læs", "4": "les", "class": "5" }, "name": "non-conj-strong" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesum", "impr_2pl": "lesið", "impr_2sg": "les", "infinitive": "lesa", "mp_impr_1pl": "lesumsk", "mp_impr_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_impr_2sg": "lesk", "mp_infinitive": "lesask", "mp_past_ind_1pl": "lásumsk", "mp_past_ind_1sg": "lásumk", "mp_past_ind_2pl": "lásuzk", "mp_past_ind_2sg": "lask", "mp_past_ind_3pl": "lásusk", "mp_past_ind_3sg": "lask", "mp_past_part": "lesizk", "mp_past_sub_1pl": "læsimsk", "mp_past_sub_1sg": "læsumk", "mp_past_sub_2pl": "læsizk", "mp_past_sub_2sg": "læsisk", "mp_past_sub_3pl": "læsisk", "mp_past_sub_3sg": "læsisk", "mp_pres_ind_1pl": "lesumsk", "mp_pres_ind_1sg": "lesumk", "mp_pres_ind_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_pres_ind_2sg": "lesk", "mp_pres_ind_3pl": "lesask", "mp_pres_ind_3sg": "lesk", "mp_pres_part": "lesandisk", "mp_pres_sub_1pl": "lesimsk", "mp_pres_sub_1sg": "lesumk", "mp_pres_sub_2pl": "lesizk", "mp_pres_sub_2sg": "lesisk", "mp_pres_sub_3pl": "lesisk", "mp_pres_sub_3sg": "lesisk", "past_ind_1pl": "lásum", "past_ind_1sg": "las", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuð", "past_ind_2sg": "last", "past_ind_3pl": "lásu", "past_ind_3sg": "las", "past_part": "lesinn", "past_sub_1pl": "læsim", "past_sub_1sg": "læsa", "past_sub_2pl": "læsið", "past_sub_2sg": "læsir", "past_sub_3pl": "læsi", "past_sub_3sg": "læsi", "personal": "yes", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesum", "pres_ind_1sg": "les", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesið", "pres_ind_2sg": "less", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesa", "pres_ind_3sg": "less", "pres_part": "lesandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesim", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesa", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesið", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesir", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesi", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesi", "title1": "Conjugation of lesa — active (strong class 5)", "title2": "Conjugation of lesa — mediopassive (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-blank-full" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesum", "impr_2pl": "lesið", "impr_2sg": "les", "infinitive": "lesa", "mode": "act", "past_ind_1pl": "lásum", "past_ind_1sg": "las", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuð", "past_ind_2sg": "last", "past_ind_3pl": "lásu", "past_ind_3sg": "las", "past_part": "lesinn", "past_sub_1pl": "læsim", "past_sub_1sg": "læsa", "past_sub_2pl": "læsið", "past_sub_2sg": "læsir", "past_sub_3pl": "læsi", "past_sub_3sg": "læsi", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesum", "pres_ind_1sg": "les", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesið", "pres_ind_2sg": "less", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesa", "pres_ind_3sg": "less", "pres_part": "lesandi", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesim", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesa", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesið", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesir", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesi", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesi", "title": "Conjugation of lesa — active (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "infinitive", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesandi", "2": "pres_part", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesinn", "2": "past_part", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "les", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsa", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "less", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "last", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesir", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsir", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "less", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "las", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesi", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsi", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesum", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásum", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesim", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsim", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásuð", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsið", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesa", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásu", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesi", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsi", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "les", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesum", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesið", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "act" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "impr_1pl": "lesumsk", "impr_2pl": "lesizk", "impr_2sg": "lesk", "infinitive": "lesask", "mode": "mpass", "past_ind_1pl": "lásumsk", "past_ind_1sg": "lásumk", "past_ind_2pl": "lásuzk", "past_ind_2sg": "lask", "past_ind_3pl": "lásusk", "past_ind_3sg": "lask", "past_part": "lesizk", "past_sub_1pl": "læsimsk", "past_sub_1sg": "læsumk", "past_sub_2pl": "læsizk", "past_sub_2sg": "læsisk", "past_sub_3pl": "læsisk", "past_sub_3sg": "læsisk", "pres_ind_1pl": "lesumsk", "pres_ind_1sg": "lesumk", "pres_ind_2pl": "lesizk", "pres_ind_2sg": "lesk", "pres_ind_3pl": "lesask", "pres_ind_3sg": "lesk", "pres_part": "lesandisk", "pres_sub_1pl": "lesimsk", "pres_sub_1sg": "lesumk", "pres_sub_2pl": "lesizk", "pres_sub_2sg": "lesisk", "pres_sub_3pl": "lesisk", "pres_sub_3sg": "lesisk", "title": "Conjugation of lesa — mediopassive (strong class 5)" }, "name": "non-conj-table" }, { "args": { "1": "lesask", "2": "infinitive", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesandisk", "2": "pres_part", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "past_part", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumk", "2": "pres_ind_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásumk", "2": "past_ind_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumk", "2": "pres_sub_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsumk", "2": "past_sub_1sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "pres_ind_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lask", "2": "past_ind_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "pres_ind_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lask", "2": "past_ind_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_3sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumsk", "2": "pres_ind_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásumsk", "2": "past_ind_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesimsk", "2": "pres_sub_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsimsk", "2": "past_sub_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "pres_ind_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásuzk", "2": "past_ind_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "pres_sub_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsizk", "2": "past_sub_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesask", "2": "pres_ind_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lásusk", "2": "past_ind_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesisk", "2": "pres_sub_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "læsisk", "2": "past_sub_3pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesk", "2": "impr_2sg", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesumsk", "2": "impr_1pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" }, { "args": { "1": "lesizk", "2": "impr_2pl", "3": "mpass" }, "name": "non-conj-cell" } ], "lang": "Old Norse", "lang_code": "non", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "lestr" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to gather, pick" ], "links": [ [ "gather", "gather" ], [ "pick", "pick" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "to read" ], "links": [ [ "read", "read" ] ] } ], "word": "lesa" }
Download raw JSONL data for lesa meaning in Old Norse (17.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.