See rath in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "rath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: rath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: rath"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "rath"
},
"expansion": "Irish: rath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: rath"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸratom",
"t": "grace, virtue, good fortune"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*perh₃-",
"t": "bestow, give"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पृणाक्ति",
"t": "grant, bestow",
"tr": "pṛṇā́kti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "parō",
"t": "prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“prepare”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”), from the root of *ɸarnati (“bestow”) (whence ernaid), from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”), Latin parō (“prepare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raith",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raith",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rathaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rathaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "also rrath after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rat",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "raith",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rath n (genitive raith)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "raith"
},
"expansion": "rath n (genitive raith)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "raith"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "rath+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "rath+L",
"acc_pl2": "ratha",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "rath+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "rathaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "rathaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "rath+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "rath",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "rath+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "raith+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "rath+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "rath+L",
"nom_pl2": "ratha",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "rath+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "rath+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "rath+L",
"voc_pl2": "ratha",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "rath+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ernaid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of ernaid"
],
"id": "en-rath-sga-noun-TSuokHKn",
"links": [
[
"ernaid",
"ernaid#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.",
"text": "Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grace, virtue"
],
"id": "en-rath-sga-noun-UagOMqyc",
"links": [
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[r͈aθ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "rath"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish neuter nouns",
"Old Irish neuter o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "rath"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: rath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: rath"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "rath"
},
"expansion": "Irish: rath",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: rath"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸratom",
"t": "grace, virtue, good fortune"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*perh₃-",
"t": "bestow, give"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पृणाक्ति",
"t": "grant, bestow",
"tr": "pṛṇā́kti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "parō",
"t": "prepare"
},
"expansion": "Latin parō (“prepare”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”), from the root of *ɸarnati (“bestow”) (whence ernaid), from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”), Latin parō (“prepare”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "raith",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-neut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ratha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raith",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rathaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "rathaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "rath",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "also rrath after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "rad",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rat",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "raith",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "rath n (genitive raith)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "raith"
},
"expansion": "rath n (genitive raith)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "raith"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-neut"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "rath+N",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "rath+L",
"acc_pl2": "ratha",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "rath+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-n",
"dat_du": "rathaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "rathaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "rath+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "rath",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "rath+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "raith+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "rath+N",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "rath+L",
"nom_pl2": "ratha",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "rath+N",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "rath+N",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "rath+L",
"voc_pl2": "ratha",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "rath+N",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish verbal nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ernaid"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal noun of ernaid"
],
"links": [
[
"ernaid",
"ernaid#Old_Irish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Their sins have not been forgiven them, but punishment has been inflicted upon them. Though you pl, then, are children of grace, if you sin, you will not be forgiven.",
"text": "Ní derlaicht⟨h⟩a a pecdæ doïb acht du·ratad dígal forru. Cenotad maic-si raith dano, má im·roimsid ní dílgibther dúib.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grace, virtue"
],
"links": [
[
"grace",
"grace"
],
[
"virtue",
"virtue"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[r͈aθ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "rath"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rath meaning in Old Irish (5.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: rath/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"rath"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "rath",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"rath"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "rath",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"rath"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "rath",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.