See arán in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "arán"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: arán",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: arán"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "arán"
},
"expansion": "Irish: arán",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: arán"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "arran"
},
"expansion": "Manx: arran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: arran"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "aran"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: aran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: aran"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-",
"4": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*aragnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aragnos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂erh₃-",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-",
"lit": "born of the plough",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to plough",
"t2": "born"
},
"expansion": "*h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived by Eric Hamp from Proto-Celtic *aragnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os, from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aránu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-arán",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "arán m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "arán m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aráin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "arán+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "aránu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "arán+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "aránaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "aránaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "arán+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "arán",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "arán+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "aráin+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "arán+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "aráin+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "arán",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "arán+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "aránu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "aráin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "sga:Breads",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread"
],
"id": "en-arán-sga-noun-mFYEwrYC",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) bread"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bairgen"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "sga:Breads",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loaf of bread"
],
"id": "en-arán-sga-noun-svYBt2SN",
"links": [
[
"loaf",
"loaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaraːn/"
}
],
"word": "arán"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish masculine o-stem nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erh₃-",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Breads"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "arán"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: arán",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: arán"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "arán"
},
"expansion": "Irish: arán",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: arán"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "arran"
},
"expansion": "Manx: arran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: arran"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "aran"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: aran",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: aran"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-",
"4": "*ǵenh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*aragnos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *aragnos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂erh₃-",
"3": "*ǵenh₁-",
"lit": "born of the plough",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to plough",
"t2": "born"
},
"expansion": "*h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived by Eric Hamp from Proto-Celtic *aragnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-ǵnh₁-os, from *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) + *ǵenh₁- (“born”), literally “born of the plough”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-o-masc",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "aránu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aráin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "aránaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "arán",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "n-arán",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "arán m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "arán m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aráin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-o-masc"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "arán+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "aránu+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "arán+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "o-m",
"dat_du": "aránaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "aránaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "arán+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "arán",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "arán+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_pl4": "",
"gen_sg": "aráin+L",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "arán+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "aráin+L",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "arán",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "arán+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "aránu+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "aráin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"bread"
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) bread"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bairgen"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"loaf of bread"
],
"links": [
[
"loaf",
"loaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaraːn/"
}
],
"word": "arán"
}
Download raw JSONL data for arán meaning in Old Irish (5.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
"path": [
"arán"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: arán/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"arán"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"arán"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"arán"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arán",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for n-arán",
"path": [
"arán"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "arán",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.