See bairgen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bairín"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bairín",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bairín"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*baragenā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *baragenā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bara",
"t": "bread"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bara (“bread”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Matasović reconstructs a Proto-Celtic *baragenā, and relates the word with Welsh bara (“bread”). However, this is phonologically difficult, since syncope of the -a- in the former second syllable should have depalatalized the resulting -rg- cluster in the middle of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bairgine",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgenaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgenaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbairgen",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "bairgena",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "bairgine",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bairgen f (genitive bairgine, nominative plural bairgena)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "bairgine",
"3": "bairgena"
},
"expansion": "bairgen f (genitive bairgine, nominative plural bairgena)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bairgin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "bairgin+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bairgena+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "bairgin+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "bairgenaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "bairgenaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "bairgin+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "bairgen+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "bairgen+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "bairgine+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "bairgin+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bairgena+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "bairgen+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "bairgin+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bairgena+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "bairgen+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As leavening agents in bread were forbidden at Passover, likewise it is not proper for the leavening agents of sin to be at Passover, namely of Christ.",
"text": ".i. amal ar·rograd descad fo bairgin i sollumun agni, síc ni coir descad pectho do buith i sollummun agni.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Those are the three things [i.e. wine, bread and oil] that are foremost to man, namely bread, etc.",
"text": ".i. is ed trede insin as toisechem do duiniu .i. bairgen rl.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A man who makes bread. [It was by] pounding that grains used to be crushed by the ancients before the quern could be invented. (as an explanation for Latin pistor (“miller, baker”))",
"text": "Fer dénma bairgine. Tuarcain do·fuaircitis inna grán la arsidi resiu ar·ista brao.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread"
],
"id": "en-bairgen-sga-noun-mFYEwrYC",
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "sga:Breads",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "However, Colum Cille recognized three fasts only in the year: the eve of Epiphany — that is, twelve days after Christmas, and the eighth part of Colum Cille’s loaf at that time, with a seland and a bochtan of good milk...",
"ref": "c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 68, pages 115-179:",
"text": "Trí troisciud immurco tantum la Colum Cilli in ando .i. aidchi Notlacc Steill .i. post .xii. nataleis & ochtmad (i)mbairgine Coluim Cilli i suidiu & seilind & bochtan ais maith, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loaf of bread"
],
"id": "en-bairgen-sga-noun-svYBt2SN",
"links": [
[
"loaf",
"loaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbarʲ.ɣʲən/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bairgen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Breads"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bairín"
},
"expansion": "Irish: bairín",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: bairín"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*baragenā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *baragenā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bara",
"t": "bread"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bara (“bread”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Matasović reconstructs a Proto-Celtic *baragenā, and relates the word with Welsh bara (“bread”). However, this is phonologically difficult, since syncope of the -a- in the former second syllable should have depalatalized the resulting -rg- cluster in the middle of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bairgine",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgena",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgine",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgenaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgenaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bairgen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "mbairgen",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "bairgena",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "bairgine",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "bairgen f (genitive bairgine, nominative plural bairgena)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "bairgine",
"3": "bairgena"
},
"expansion": "bairgen f (genitive bairgine, nominative plural bairgena)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bairgin"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "bairgin+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "bairgena+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "bairgin+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "bairgenaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "bairgenaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "bairgin+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "bairgen+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "bairgen+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "bairgine+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "bairgin+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "bairgena+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "bairgen+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "bairgin+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "bairgena+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "bairgen+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "As leavening agents in bread were forbidden at Passover, likewise it is not proper for the leavening agents of sin to be at Passover, namely of Christ.",
"text": ".i. amal ar·rograd descad fo bairgin i sollumun agni, síc ni coir descad pectho do buith i sollummun agni.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Those are the three things [i.e. wine, bread and oil] that are foremost to man, namely bread, etc.",
"text": ".i. is ed trede insin as toisechem do duiniu .i. bairgen rl.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A man who makes bread. [It was by] pounding that grains used to be crushed by the ancients before the quern could be invented. (as an explanation for Latin pistor (“miller, baker”))",
"text": "Fer dénma bairgine. Tuarcain do·fuaircitis inna grán la arsidi resiu ar·ista brao.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bread"
],
"links": [
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "However, Colum Cille recognized three fasts only in the year: the eve of Epiphany — that is, twelve days after Christmas, and the eighth part of Colum Cille’s loaf at that time, with a seland and a bochtan of good milk...",
"ref": "c. 815-840, “The Monastery of Tallaght”, in Edward J. Gwynn, Walter J. Purton, transl., Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume 29, Royal Irish Academy, published 1911-1912, paragraph 68, pages 115-179:",
"text": "Trí troisciud immurco tantum la Colum Cilli in ando .i. aidchi Notlacc Steill .i. post .xii. nataleis & ochtmad (i)mbairgine Coluim Cilli i suidiu & seilind & bochtan ais maith, [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loaf of bread"
],
"links": [
[
"loaf",
"loaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbarʲ.ɣʲən/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bairgen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bairgen meaning in Old Irish (6.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
"path": [
"bairgen"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bairgen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: bairgen/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"bairgen"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bairgen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"bairgen"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bairgen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"bairgen"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bairgen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for mbairgen",
"path": [
"bairgen"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bairgen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.