See lac in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lac meaning in Old French (4.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lac",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "French: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Norman: lac",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: lac (Jersey)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacus",
"t": "basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond"
},
"expansion": "Latin lacus (“basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lai",
"t": "pit, grave, trench, mere, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French lai (“pit, grave, trench, mere, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lacus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lacus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lakus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lakus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lókus",
"t": "lake, pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lai"
},
"expansion": "Old French lai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lac",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lace",
"t": "lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench"
},
"expansion": "lace (“lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lacu",
"t": "pool, pond, lake"
},
"expansion": "Old English lacu (“pool, pond, lake”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Old French lac",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan lac",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "laz"
},
"expansion": "laz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "latz",
"t": "snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole"
},
"expansion": "latz (“snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "laz",
"t": "snare, noose, lace"
},
"expansion": "Old French laz (“snare, noose, lace”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lacha",
"t": "ditch, trench, pool"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lacha (“ditch, trench, pool”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lacca",
"t": "hole, pit"
},
"expansion": "Italian lacca (“hole, pit”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Generally assumed to be a borrowing of Latin lacus (“basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond”), displacing the native Old French lai (“pit, grave, trench, mere, pond”), inherited from the same Latin term, by the early 13th century. Latin lacus derives from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”),\nThe displacement of Old French lai may have been assisted by influence from early Middle English lac, lace (“lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench”), from Old English lacu (“pool, pond, lake”), due to lac's sudden spread in Old French following the annexation of English controlled Normandy into the kingdom of France in 1204. An outright borrowing of the term from Middle English rather than from the Latin is also not outside the realm of possibility, as the earliest attestations of Old French lac are in the Eadwine Psalter (written by Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman scribes in England) and Erec and Enide (an Arthurian romance, whose author was heavily influenced by English, Anglo-Norman, and Celtic writings).\nThe Old Occitan lac, laz, latz (“snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole”), which some theorise as leading to the Old French form (with c), is actually derived from a different Latin root related to Old French laz (“snare, noose, lace”), and possibly conflated with Old High German lacha (“ditch, trench, pool”). See Italian lacca (“hole, pit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lac oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lac",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "lac oblique singular, m (oblique plural las, nominative singular las, nominative plural lac)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lake"
],
"id": "en-lac-fro-noun-bwIfAmjV",
"links": [
[
"lake",
"lake"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "early",
"word": "lai"
}
]
}
],
"word": "lac"
}
{
"categories": [
"zza:Family"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lac",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "French: lac",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: lac"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Norman: lac",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: lac (Jersey)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "lacus",
"t": "basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond"
},
"expansion": "Latin lacus (“basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lai",
"t": "pit, grave, trench, mere, pond"
},
"expansion": "Old French lai (“pit, grave, trench, mere, pond”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lacus"
},
"expansion": "Latin lacus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*lakus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *lakus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lókus",
"t": "lake, pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lai"
},
"expansion": "Old French lai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lac",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lace",
"t": "lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench"
},
"expansion": "lace (“lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lacu",
"t": "pool, pond, lake"
},
"expansion": "Old English lacu (“pool, pond, lake”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Old French lac",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "lac"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan lac",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "laz"
},
"expansion": "laz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "latz",
"t": "snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole"
},
"expansion": "latz (“snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "laz",
"t": "snare, noose, lace"
},
"expansion": "Old French laz (“snare, noose, lace”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "lacha",
"t": "ditch, trench, pool"
},
"expansion": "Old High German lacha (“ditch, trench, pool”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "lacca",
"t": "hole, pit"
},
"expansion": "Italian lacca (“hole, pit”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Generally assumed to be a borrowing of Latin lacus (“basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond”), displacing the native Old French lai (“pit, grave, trench, mere, pond”), inherited from the same Latin term, by the early 13th century. Latin lacus derives from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”),\nThe displacement of Old French lai may have been assisted by influence from early Middle English lac, lace (“lake, pond, pool\", also \"pit, ditch, trench”), from Old English lacu (“pool, pond, lake”), due to lac's sudden spread in Old French following the annexation of English controlled Normandy into the kingdom of France in 1204. An outright borrowing of the term from Middle English rather than from the Latin is also not outside the realm of possibility, as the earliest attestations of Old French lac are in the Eadwine Psalter (written by Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman scribes in England) and Erec and Enide (an Arthurian romance, whose author was heavily influenced by English, Anglo-Norman, and Celtic writings).\nThe Old Occitan lac, laz, latz (“snare, noose\", also \"pit, hole”), which some theorise as leading to the Old French form (with c), is actually derived from a different Latin root related to Old French laz (“snare, noose, lace”), and possibly conflated with Old High German lacha (“ditch, trench, pool”). See Italian lacca (“hole, pit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lac oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "las",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lac",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "lac oblique singular, m (oblique plural las, nominative singular las, nominative plural lac)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic"
],
"glosses": [
"lake"
],
"links": [
[
"lake",
"lake"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "early",
"word": "lai"
}
],
"word": "lac"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'lac oblique singular or', originally 'lac oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"lac"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'lac oblique singular or', originally 'lac oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"lac"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'lac oblique singular or' in 'lac oblique singular, m (oblique plural las, nominative singular las, nominative plural lac)'",
"path": [
"lac"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lac",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.