See foulc in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: foule"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "French: foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: foule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Norman: foule",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: foule (Jersey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "foûle",
"3": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Picard: foûle, foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Picard: foûle, foule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "flouhe"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: flouhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: flouhe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*folk",
"4": "*fulc"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fulc",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fulką",
"4": "",
"5": "people collectively, multitude; host of warriors"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people collectively, multitude; host of warriors”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "folc",
"3": "",
"4": "people, nation"
},
"expansion": "Old High German folc (“people, nation”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *fulc, *folc (“people, crowd, multitude, troop”), from Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people collectively, multitude; host of warriors”). Cognate with Old High German folc (“people, nation”). More at folk, full.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foulc oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foulc",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "foulc oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouls, nominative singular fouls, nominative plural foulc)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flock, herd"
],
"id": "en-foulc-fro-noun-dzsZ4R63",
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"people"
],
"id": "en-foulc-fro-noun-yQImgPiI",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collectively) people"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude, crowd"
],
"id": "en-foulc-fro-noun-mcC1T9wu",
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "fro:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 6 6 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 9 9 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 6 6 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"troop, host"
],
"id": "en-foulc-fro-noun-IIVPM35T",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"host",
"host"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) troop, host"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "folc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fouc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fulc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fouk"
}
],
"word": "foulc"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Frankish",
"Old French terms derived from Frankish",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: foule"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "French: foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: foule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Norman: foule",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: foule (Jersey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "foûle",
"3": "foule"
},
"expansion": "Picard: foûle, foule",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Picard: foûle, foule"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "flouhe"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: flouhe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: flouhe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*folk",
"4": "*fulc"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *fulc",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fulką",
"4": "",
"5": "people collectively, multitude; host of warriors"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people collectively, multitude; host of warriors”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "folc",
"3": "",
"4": "people, nation"
},
"expansion": "Old High German folc (“people, nation”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Frankish *fulc, *folc (“people, crowd, multitude, troop”), from Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people collectively, multitude; host of warriors”). Cognate with Old High German folc (“people, nation”). More at folk, full.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "foulc oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "foulc",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "foulc oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouls, nominative singular fouls, nominative plural foulc)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flock, herd"
],
"links": [
[
"flock",
"flock"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old French collective nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"people"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collectively) people"
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"multitude, crowd"
],
"links": [
[
"multitude",
"multitude"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"fro:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"troop, host"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
],
[
"host",
"host"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) troop, host"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folc"
},
{
"word": "fouc"
},
{
"word": "fulc"
},
{
"word": "fouk"
}
],
"word": "foulc"
}
Download raw JSONL data for foulc meaning in Old French (3.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'foulc oblique singular or', originally 'foulc oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"foulc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "foulc",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'foulc oblique singular or', originally 'foulc oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"foulc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "foulc",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'foulc oblique singular or' in 'foulc oblique singular, m (oblique plural fouls, nominative singular fouls, nominative plural foulc)'",
"path": [
"foulc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "foulc",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.