"estre" meaning in Old French

See estre in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈɛstɾə/ (note: classical), /ˈɛːtɾə/ (note: late)
Etymology: Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Classical Latin esse. Unrelated to ester < stāre (“stand”) but progressively blended with it. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fro|la-eme|essere|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Early Medieval Latin essere, {{inh+|fro|la-eme|essere}} Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, {{inh|fro|CL.|sum|esse}} Classical Latin esse, {{m|fro|ester}} ester, {{m|la|sto|stāre|t=stand}} stāre (“stand”) Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} estre Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-estre}}, {{fro-conj-iii|fut=ier,er/iers,ers/iert,ert/iermes,ermes/iertes,ertes/ierent,erent|fut2=ser|fut3=estr|ie=|imp=soies/soiiens,soions/soiiez|imperf=iere,ere/ieres,eres/iere,iereṭ,ere,ereṭ,iert,ert/eriiens,erions/eriiez/ierent,erent|imperf2=est|old=|pastp=esté|prefix=|pres=sui/es,ies/est/somes,esmes/estes/sont|pret=f|prettype=weak-u|repl=|sub=soi|sub3s=soit|subier=yes}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], estre [infinitive], avoir esté [infinitive, multiword-construction], en estant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], estant [participle, present], esté [participle, past], sui [first-person, indicative, present, singular], es [indicative, present, second-person, singular], ies [indicative, present, second-person, singular], est [indicative, present, singular, third-person], somes [first-person, indicative, plural, present], esmes [first-person, indicative, plural, present], estes [indicative, plural, present, second-person], sont [indicative, plural, present, third-person], iere [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], ere [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], estoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], esteie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], ieres [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], eres [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], estoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], esteies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], iere [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], iereṭ [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], ere [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], ereṭ [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], iert [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], ert [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], estoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], esteit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], eriiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], erions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], estiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], estiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], eriiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], estiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], estiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], ierent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], erent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], estoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], esteient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], fui [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], fus [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], fu [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], fumes [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], fustes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], furent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], ier [first-person, future, indicative, singular], er [first-person, future, indicative, singular], serai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], estrai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], iers [future, indicative, second-person, singular], ers [future, indicative, second-person, singular], seras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], estras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], iert [future, indicative, singular, third-person], ert [future, indicative, singular, third-person], sera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], estra [future, indicative, singular, third-person], iermes [first-person, future, indicative, plural], ermes [first-person, future, indicative, plural], serons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], estrons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], iertes [future, indicative, plural, second-person], ertes [future, indicative, plural, second-person], seroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], sereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], serez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estroiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estreiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estrez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], ierent [future, indicative, plural, third-person], erent [future, indicative, plural, third-person], seront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], estront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], seroie [conditional, first-person, singular], sereie [conditional, first-person, singular], estroie [conditional, first-person, singular], estreie [conditional, first-person, singular], seroies [conditional, second-person, singular], sereies [conditional, second-person, singular], estroies [conditional, second-person, singular], estreies [conditional, second-person, singular], seroit [conditional, singular, third-person], sereit [conditional, singular, third-person], estroit [conditional, singular, third-person], estreit [conditional, singular, third-person], seriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], seriens [conditional, first-person, plural], estriiens [conditional, first-person, plural], estriens [conditional, first-person, plural], seriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], seriez [conditional, plural, second-person], estriiez [conditional, plural, second-person], estriez [conditional, plural, second-person], seroient [conditional, plural, third-person], sereient [conditional, plural, third-person], estroient [conditional, plural, third-person], estreient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], soie [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], soies [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], soit [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], soiiens [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], soions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], soiiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], soient [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], fusse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], fusses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], fust [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], fussons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], fussiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], fussoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], fussez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], fussiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], fussent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], soies [imperative, second-person, singular], soiiens [first-person, imperative, plural], soions [first-person, imperative, plural], soiiez [imperative, plural, second-person]
  1. to be
    Sense id: en-estre-fro-verb-CvEgfuq9 Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -re, Old French verbs with weak-u preterite

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for estre meaning in Old French (17.1kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-brg",
            "2": "étre"
          },
          "expansion": "Bourguignon: étre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bourguignon: étre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-bbn",
            "2": "être"
          },
          "expansion": "Bourbonnais-Berrichon: être",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bourbonnais-Berrichon: être"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-cha",
            "2": "ètre"
          },
          "expansion": "Champenois: ètre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Champenois: ètre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-fcm",
            "2": "étre"
          },
          "expansion": "Franc-Comtois: étre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franc-Comtois: étre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-gal",
            "2": "ête"
          },
          "expansion": "Gallo: ête",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gallo: ête"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-lor",
            "2": "être",
            "3": "estre",
            "4": "yestre"
          },
          "expansion": "Lorrain: être, estre, yestre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lorrain: être, estre, yestre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "estre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: estre\nFrench: être\n→ Middle English: estre (“circumstance”)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: estre\nFrench: être\n→ Middle English: estre (“circumstance”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "ête"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: ête",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: ête"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcd",
            "2": "ète"
          },
          "expansion": "Picard: ète",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Picard: ète"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "esse"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: esse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: esse"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "essere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "essere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "sum",
        "4": "esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin esse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ester"
      },
      "expansion": "ester",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sto",
        "3": "stāre",
        "t": "stand"
      },
      "expansion": "stāre (“stand”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Classical Latin esse. Unrelated to ester < stāre (“stand”) but progressively blended with it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-estre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir esté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en estant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "est",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "somes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ieres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iereṭ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ereṭ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fumes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fustes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "furent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iers",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ers",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iermes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ermes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iertes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ertes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fusse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fusses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fust",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "estre",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-estre"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "fut": "ier,er/iers,ers/iert,ert/iermes,ermes/iertes,ertes/ierent,erent",
        "fut2": "ser",
        "fut3": "estr",
        "ie": "",
        "imp": "soies/soiiens,soions/soiiez",
        "imperf": "iere,ere/ieres,eres/iere,iereṭ,ere,ereṭ,iert,ert/eriiens,erions/eriiez/ierent,erent",
        "imperf2": "est",
        "old": "",
        "pastp": "esté",
        "prefix": "",
        "pres": "sui/es,ies/est/somes,esmes/estes/sont",
        "pret": "f",
        "prettype": "weak-u",
        "repl": "",
        "sub": "soi",
        "sub3s": "soit",
        "subier": "yes"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -re",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-u preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be"
      ],
      "id": "en-estre-fro-verb-CvEgfuq9",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛstɾə/",
      "note": "classical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːtɾə/",
      "note": "late"
    }
  ],
  "word": "estre"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-brg",
            "2": "étre"
          },
          "expansion": "Bourguignon: étre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bourguignon: étre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-bbn",
            "2": "être"
          },
          "expansion": "Bourbonnais-Berrichon: être",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bourbonnais-Berrichon: être"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-cha",
            "2": "ètre"
          },
          "expansion": "Champenois: ètre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Champenois: ètre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-fcm",
            "2": "étre"
          },
          "expansion": "Franc-Comtois: étre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franc-Comtois: étre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-gal",
            "2": "ête"
          },
          "expansion": "Gallo: ête",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gallo: ête"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-lor",
            "2": "être",
            "3": "estre",
            "4": "yestre"
          },
          "expansion": "Lorrain: être, estre, yestre",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lorrain: être, estre, yestre"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "estre"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: estre\nFrench: être\n→ Middle English: estre (“circumstance”)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: estre\nFrench: être\n→ Middle English: estre (“circumstance”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrf",
            "2": "ête"
          },
          "expansion": "Norman: ête",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norman: ête"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pcd",
            "2": "ète"
          },
          "expansion": "Picard: ète",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Picard: ète"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wa",
            "2": "esse"
          },
          "expansion": "Walloon: esse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Walloon: esse"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "essere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Early Medieval Latin essere",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-eme",
        "3": "essere"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "CL.",
        "3": "sum",
        "4": "esse"
      },
      "expansion": "Classical Latin esse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ester"
      },
      "expansion": "ester",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sto",
        "3": "stāre",
        "t": "stand"
      },
      "expansion": "stāre (“stand”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Early Medieval Latin essere, from Classical Latin esse. Unrelated to ester < stāre (“stand”) but progressively blended with it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-estre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir esté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en estant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esté",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "est",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "somes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esmes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ieres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iereṭ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ereṭ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esteient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fumes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fustes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "furent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ier",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iers",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ers",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ert",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iermes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ermes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iertes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ertes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "serez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estrez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ierent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estront",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estriez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estroient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estreient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fusse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fusses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fust",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fussent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soions",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "soiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "estre",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-estre"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "fut": "ier,er/iers,ers/iert,ert/iermes,ermes/iertes,ertes/ierent,erent",
        "fut2": "ser",
        "fut3": "estr",
        "ie": "",
        "imp": "soies/soiiens,soions/soiiez",
        "imperf": "iere,ere/ieres,eres/iere,iereṭ,ere,ereṭ,iert,ert/eriiens,erions/eriiez/ierent,erent",
        "imperf2": "est",
        "old": "",
        "pastp": "esté",
        "prefix": "",
        "pres": "sui/es,ies/est/somes,esmes/estes/sont",
        "pret": "f",
        "prettype": "weak-u",
        "repl": "",
        "sub": "soi",
        "sub3s": "soit",
        "subier": "yes"
      },
      "name": "fro-conj-iii"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old French irregular verbs",
        "Old French lemmas",
        "Old French terms derived from Classical Latin",
        "Old French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Classical Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin",
        "Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old French third group verbs",
        "Old French verbs",
        "Old French verbs ending in -re",
        "Old French verbs with weak-u preterite"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛstɾə/",
      "note": "classical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɛːtɾə/",
      "note": "late"
    }
  ],
  "word": "estre"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.