See wer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "with respect to sex",
"word": "wif"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "weorold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "werewulf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "werġield"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "werlīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wermet"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wer\nEnglish: wer, were",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wer\nEnglish: wer, were"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wer",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*weraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *weraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse verr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vir"
},
"expansion": "Latin vir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वीर",
"tr": "vīrà"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वीर (vīrà)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fer"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "výras"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian výras",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wer, from Proto-Germanic *weraz.\nGermanic cognates include Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old High German wer, Old Norse verr, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrà), Old Irish fer, Lithuanian výras.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wer"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wer",
"2": "weras",
"3": "wer",
"4": "weras",
"5": "weres",
"6": "wera",
"7": "were",
"8": "werum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "thus a man cannot become wise, before he would own\na part of years in world-kingdom. A wise man must be patient.",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "forþon ne mæġ wearþan wīs · wer, ǣr hē āge\nwintra dǣl in woruldrīċe. · Wita sċeal ġeþyldiġ.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"man"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-SLZ24rEH",
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "beorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"word": "hæleþ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rare or non-literary",
"sense": "man",
"word": "mann"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"word": "mæċġ"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "rinc"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "seċġ"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A person is either a male or a female.",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nǢġþer is mann ġe wer ġe wīf.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-DSSOgsYs",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"husband"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-n-6PiLk6",
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"hero, warrior"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-sTkd2EL5",
"links": [
[
"hero",
"hero"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) hero, warrior"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 23 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "civil dress, civil clothing",
"text": "werrēaf",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "people, nation",
"text": "werþēod",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"civil"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-EnLcxC2~",
"links": [
[
"civil",
"civil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) civil"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wer/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wær"
}
],
"word": "wer"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "were"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: were",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: were"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "weir"
},
"expansion": "English: weir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: weir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wari"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wari",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*warją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *warją",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ver"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ver",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wari, from Proto-Germanic *warją. Cognate with Old Saxon wer, werr, Old High German wer, Old Norse ver.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wer"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wer",
"2": "weras",
"3": "wer",
"4": "weras",
"5": "weres",
"6": "wera",
"7": "were",
"8": "werum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"weir"
],
"id": "en-wer-ang-noun-nhvU5Yvc",
"links": [
[
"weir",
"weir"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "werian"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wer/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wær"
}
],
"word": "wer"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "with respect to sex",
"word": "wif"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "weorold"
},
{
"word": "werewulf"
},
{
"word": "werġield"
},
{
"word": "werlīċ"
},
{
"word": "wermet"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wer\nEnglish: wer, were",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wer\nEnglish: wer, were"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wer",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*weraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *weraz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "verr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse verr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vir"
},
"expansion": "Latin vir",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "वीर",
"tr": "vīrà"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit वीर (vīrà)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "fer"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish fer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "výras"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian výras",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wer, from Proto-Germanic *weraz.\nGermanic cognates include Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old High German wer, Old Norse verr, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrà), Old Irish fer, Lithuanian výras.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wer"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wer",
"2": "weras",
"3": "wer",
"4": "weras",
"5": "weres",
"6": "wera",
"7": "were",
"8": "werum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "thus a man cannot become wise, before he would own\na part of years in world-kingdom. A wise man must be patient.",
"ref": "10th century, The Wanderer:",
"text": "forþon ne mæġ wearþan wīs · wer, ǣr hē āge\nwintra dǣl in woruldrīċe. · Wita sċeal ġeþyldiġ.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"man"
],
"links": [
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A person is either a male or a female.",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nǢġþer is mann ġe wer ġe wīf.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male"
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"husband"
],
"links": [
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"hero, warrior"
],
"links": [
[
"hero",
"hero"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) hero, warrior"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "civil dress, civil clothing",
"text": "werrēaf",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "people, nation",
"text": "werþēod",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"civil"
],
"links": [
[
"civil",
"civil"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in compounds) civil"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wer/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "beorn"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"word": "hæleþ"
},
{
"english": "rare or non-literary",
"sense": "man",
"word": "mann"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"word": "mæċġ"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "rinc"
},
{
"sense": "man",
"tags": [
"poetic"
],
"word": "seċġ"
},
{
"word": "wær"
}
],
"word": "wer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 18 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "were"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: were",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: were"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "weir"
},
"expansion": "English: weir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: weir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wari"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wari",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*warją"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *warją",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wer"
},
"expansion": "Old High German wer",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ver"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ver",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *wari, from Proto-Germanic *warją. Cognate with Old Saxon wer, werr, Old High German wer, Old Norse ver.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weras",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wera",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "were",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "werum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wer m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wer"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wer",
"2": "weras",
"3": "wer",
"4": "weras",
"5": "weres",
"6": "wera",
"7": "were",
"8": "werum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "werian"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"weir"
],
"links": [
[
"weir",
"weir"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wer/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wær"
}
],
"word": "wer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wer meaning in Old English (8.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.