See gælan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gǣling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "āgǣlan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tōgǣlan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: gelen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: gelen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gailijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gailijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gailō",
"t": "lane, passageway"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gailō (“lane, passageway”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geil",
"t": "narrow glen, passage"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geil (“narrow glen, passage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gale",
"t": "way, course"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gale (“way, course”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*gāl"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gāl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gol",
"t": "boundary, limit"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">gol</i> (“boundary, limit”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”))",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gailijan, possibly from Proto-Germanic *gailō (“lane, passageway”). Compare Old Norse geil (“narrow glen, passage”), Middle English gale (“way, course”). Compare also assumed Old English *gāl (\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gǣlan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣldon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegǣled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gǣlan"
},
"expansion": "gǣlan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gǣlan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "*gāl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyġegǣls"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyġegǣlsa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hinder, delay, impede"
],
"id": "en-gælan-ang-verb-Ykis9SvL",
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"delay",
"delay"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hinder, delay, impede"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 60 3 8 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 71 3 7 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 74 3 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the Jew surrounded him from outside and said to him, how long do you keep in suspense our lives? Tell us openly whether you be Christ.",
"roman": "Ðā bestōdon þā Iudeas hyne ūtan, and cwǣdon tō him, Hū lange gǣlst þū ūre līf? Sege ūs openlīce hwæþer þū Crīst sȳ.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 10, verse 24",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to suspend, keep in suspense; to dupe"
],
"id": "en-gælan-ang-verb-OvKTQb37",
"links": [
[
"suspend",
"suspend"
],
[
"suspense",
"suspense"
],
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to suspend, keep in suspense; to dupe"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to hesitate, linger, stall"
],
"id": "en-gælan-ang-verb-FqCAmcZv",
"links": [
[
"hesitate",
"hesitate"
],
[
"linger",
"linger"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to hesitate, linger, stall"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to remit, relax; to neglect"
],
"id": "en-gælan-ang-verb-Ien5JPKT",
"links": [
[
"remit",
"remit"
],
[
"relax",
"relax"
],
[
"neglect",
"neglect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to remit, relax; to neglect"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to astound, astonish; to stun; to terrify, immobilise with fear"
],
"id": "en-gælan-ang-verb-TzXGwLqy",
"links": [
[
"astound",
"astound"
],
[
"astonish",
"astonish"
],
[
"stun",
"stun"
],
[
"terrify",
"terrify"
],
[
"immobilise",
"immobilise"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to astound, astonish; to stun; to terrify, immobilise with fear"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡæː.lɑn/"
}
],
"word": "gælan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gǣling"
},
{
"word": "āgǣlan"
},
{
"word": "tōgǣlan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gelen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: gelen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: gelen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gailijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gailijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gailō",
"t": "lane, passageway"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gailō (“lane, passageway”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geil",
"t": "narrow glen, passage"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geil (“narrow glen, passage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gale",
"t": "way, course"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gale (“way, course”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*gāl"
},
"expansion": "Old English *gāl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gol",
"t": "boundary, limit"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">gol</i> (“boundary, limit”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”))",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *gailijan, possibly from Proto-Germanic *gailō (“lane, passageway”). Compare Old Norse geil (“narrow glen, passage”), Middle English gale (“way, course”). Compare also assumed Old English *gāl (\"obstacle, boundary, marker\"; > Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gǣlan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣldon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gǣled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġegǣled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gǣlan"
},
"expansion": "gǣlan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gǣlan<w1>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "*gāl"
},
{
"word": "hyġegǣls"
},
{
"word": "hyġegǣlsa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hinder, delay, impede"
],
"links": [
[
"hinder",
"hinder"
],
[
"delay",
"delay"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hinder, delay, impede"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then the Jew surrounded him from outside and said to him, how long do you keep in suspense our lives? Tell us openly whether you be Christ.",
"roman": "Ðā bestōdon þā Iudeas hyne ūtan, and cwǣdon tō him, Hū lange gǣlst þū ūre līf? Sege ūs openlīce hwæþer þū Crīst sȳ.",
"text": "\"Gospel of Saint John\", chapter 10, verse 24",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to suspend, keep in suspense; to dupe"
],
"links": [
[
"suspend",
"suspend"
],
[
"suspense",
"suspense"
],
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to suspend, keep in suspense; to dupe"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hesitate, linger, stall"
],
"links": [
[
"hesitate",
"hesitate"
],
[
"linger",
"linger"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to hesitate, linger, stall"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English intransitive verbs",
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to remit, relax; to neglect"
],
"links": [
[
"remit",
"remit"
],
[
"relax",
"relax"
],
[
"neglect",
"neglect"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) to remit, relax; to neglect"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to astound, astonish; to stun; to terrify, immobilise with fear"
],
"links": [
[
"astound",
"astound"
],
[
"astonish",
"astonish"
],
[
"stun",
"stun"
],
[
"terrify",
"terrify"
],
[
"immobilise",
"immobilise"
],
[
"fear",
"fear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to astound, astonish; to stun; to terrify, immobilise with fear"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡæː.lɑn/"
}
],
"word": "gælan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gælan meaning in Old English (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.