"forhtian" meaning in Old English

See forhtian in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈforx.ti.ɑn/, [ˈforˠx.ti.ɑn]
Etymology: From forht + -ian. Akin to Old Saxon forhtian. Etymology templates: {{af|ang|forht|-ian}} forht + -ian, {{cog|osx|forhtian}} Old Saxon forhtian Head templates: {{ang-verb|forhtian}} forhtian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|forhtian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], forhtian [infinitive], forhtienne [infinitive], forhtiġe [first-person, present, singular], forhtode [first-person, past, singular], forhtast [present, second-person, singular], forhtodest [past, second-person, singular], forhtaþ [present, singular, third-person], forhtode [past, singular, third-person], forhtiaþ [plural, present], forhtodon [past, plural], forhtiġe [present, singular], forhtode [past, singular], forhtiġen [plural, present], forhtoden [past, plural], forhta [imperative, past, present, singular], forhtiaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], forhtiende [imperative, present], forhtod [imperative, past]
  1. (intransitive) to be afraid, to tremble Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-forhtian-ang-verb-YYKXcpP0
  2. (transitive) to fear, to dread Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-forhtian-ang-verb-tBGUgqcN Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Old English terms suffixed with -ian, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 41 59 Disambiguation of Old English terms suffixed with -ian: 30 70 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 35 65 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 34 66
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: fyrhtan, ondrǣdan, forhtiġan, forhtiġean, forhteġean Derived forms: āforhtian, beforhtian, onforhtian Related terms: forht () (english: fearful, afraid, timid), forhtiġ () (english: timid, abashed) 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "āforhtian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "beforhtian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "onforhtian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "forht",
        "3": "-ian"
      },
      "expansion": "forht + -ian",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "forhtian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon forhtian",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From forht + -ian. Akin to Old Saxon forhtian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "forhtian"
      },
      "expansion": "forhtian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "forhtian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "fearful, afraid, timid",
      "word": "forht ()"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "timid, abashed",
      "word": "forhtiġ ()"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid, to tremble"
      ],
      "id": "en-forhtian-ang-verb-YYKXcpP0",
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ],
        [
          "tremble",
          "tremble"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to be afraid, to tremble"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fear, to dread"
      ],
      "id": "en-forhtian-ang-verb-tBGUgqcN",
      "links": [
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "dread",
          "dread"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fear, to dread"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈforx.ti.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈforˠx.ti.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fyrhtan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ondrǣdan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "forhtiġan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "forhtiġean"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "forhteġean"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forhtian"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Old English verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "āforhtian"
    },
    {
      "word": "beforhtian"
    },
    {
      "word": "onforhtian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "forht",
        "3": "-ian"
      },
      "expansion": "forht + -ian",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "forhtian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon forhtian",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From forht + -ian. Akin to Old Saxon forhtian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "forhtod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "forhtian"
      },
      "expansion": "forhtian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "forhtian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "fearful, afraid, timid",
      "word": "forht ()"
    },
    {
      "english": "timid, abashed",
      "word": "forhtiġ ()"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be afraid, to tremble"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "afraid",
          "afraid"
        ],
        [
          "tremble",
          "tremble"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to be afraid, to tremble"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fear, to dread"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "dread",
          "dread"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fear, to dread"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈforx.ti.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈforˠx.ti.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "fyrhtan"
    },
    {
      "word": "ondrǣdan"
    },
    {
      "word": "forhtiġan"
    },
    {
      "word": "forhtiġean"
    },
    {
      "word": "forhteġean"
    }
  ],
  "word": "forhtian"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.