"ealh" meaning in Old English

See ealh in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /æ͜ɑlx/, [æ͜ɑɫx]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *alh, from Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”), cognate to Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs) and Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh). According to Pokorny (1959:32) from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”), i.e. the root of Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō) and Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”), though Kroonen (2013:22 s.v. alh-) dismisses this as “arbitrary[.]” Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*alh}} Proto-West Germanic *alh, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*alhs|t=protection, building, house, temple, settlement}} Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”), {{cog|got|𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃}} Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs), {{cog|gmq-pro|ᚨᛚᚺ}} Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh), {{der|ang|ine-pro|*h₂lek-||to close, ward off, protect}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”), {{cog|grc|ἀλέξω}} Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō), {{cog|sa|रक्षति|t=guard, protect}} Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|nominative plural|ēalas|||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} ealh m (nominative plural ēalas), {{ang-noun|m|ēalas}} ealh m (nominative plural ēalas) Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-m|ēal|nomsg=ealh}}, {{ang-decl-noun|ealh|ēalas|ealh|ēalas|ēales|ēala|ēale|ēalum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: ēalas [nominative, plural], strong [table-tags], ealh [nominative, singular], ēalas [nominative, plural], ealh [accusative, singular], ēalas [accusative, plural], ēales [genitive, singular], ēala [genitive, plural], ēale [dative, singular], ēalum [dative, plural]
  1. temple Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Buildings
    Sense id: en-ealh-ang-noun-Z0JYAb8a Disambiguation of Buildings: 55 45
  2. residence Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Buildings
    Sense id: en-ealh-ang-noun-E9ALT1Cw Disambiguation of Buildings: 55 45 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 3 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: alh, alhn Related terms: ealgian, alu

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ealh meaning in Old English (4.3kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*alh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *alh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*alhs",
        "t": "protection, building, house, temple, settlement"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "ᚨᛚᚺ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂lek-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to close, ward off, protect"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀλέξω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रक्षति",
        "t": "guard, protect"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *alh, from Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”), cognate to Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs) and Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh).\nAccording to Pokorny (1959:32) from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”), i.e. the root of Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō) and Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”), though Kroonen (2013:22 s.v. alh-) dismisses this as “arbitrary[.]”",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ealh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ealh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēales",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēala",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "ēalas",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ealh m (nominative plural ēalas)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "ēalas"
      },
      "expansion": "ealh m (nominative plural ēalas)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēal",
        "nomsg": "ealh"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ealh",
        "2": "ēalas",
        "3": "ealh",
        "4": "ēalas",
        "5": "ēales",
        "6": "ēala",
        "7": "ēale",
        "8": "ēalum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ealgian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "alu"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Buildings",
          "orig": "ang:Buildings",
          "parents": [
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "temple"
      ],
      "id": "en-ealh-ang-noun-Z0JYAb8a",
      "links": [
        [
          "temple",
          "temple"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 45",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Buildings",
          "orig": "ang:Buildings",
          "parents": [
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "residence"
      ],
      "id": "en-ealh-ang-noun-E9ALT1Cw",
      "links": [
        [
          "residence",
          "residence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æ͜ɑlx/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[æ͜ɑɫx]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "alh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "alhn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ealh"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
    "Old English masculine nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "ang:Buildings"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*alh"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *alh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*alhs",
        "t": "protection, building, house, temple, settlement"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "ᚨᛚᚺ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂lek-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to close, ward off, protect"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἀλέξω"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "रक्षति",
        "t": "guard, protect"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *alh, from Proto-Germanic *alhs (“protection, building, house, temple, settlement”), cognate to Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 (alhs) and Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᚺ (alh).\nAccording to Pokorny (1959:32) from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to close, ward off, protect”), i.e. the root of Ancient Greek ἀλέξω (aléxō) and Sanskrit रक्षति (rakṣati, “guard, protect”), though Kroonen (2013:22 s.v. alh-) dismisses this as “arbitrary[.]”",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ealh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ealh",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēales",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēala",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ēalum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "nominative plural",
        "4": "ēalas",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ealh m (nominative plural ēalas)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "ēalas"
      },
      "expansion": "ealh m (nominative plural ēalas)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ēal",
        "nomsg": "ealh"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ealh",
        "2": "ēalas",
        "3": "ealh",
        "4": "ēalas",
        "5": "ēales",
        "6": "ēala",
        "7": "ēale",
        "8": "ēalum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ealgian"
    },
    {
      "word": "alu"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "temple"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "temple",
          "temple"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "residence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "residence",
          "residence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/æ͜ɑlx/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[æ͜ɑɫx]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "alh"
    },
    {
      "word": "alhn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ealh"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.