See dumb in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dumb meaning in Old English (7.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dumb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dumb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dumb",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *dumb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "dumb",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dumbnes"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mute, dumb (unable to speak)"
],
"id": "en-dumb-ang-adj-Jkmye4PB",
"links": [
[
"mute",
"mute"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When he drove out the demon, the mute person spoke.",
"roman": "Þā hē ūt ādrāf þā dēofolsēocnesse, þā spræc se dumba.",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 11:14",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mute"
],
"id": "en-dumb-ang-adj-JHekL6nM",
"links": [
[
"mute",
"mute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(substantive) a mute"
],
"tags": [
"substantive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dumb/"
}
],
"word": "dumb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with redundant head parameter"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: dumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "Scots: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: dumb"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "English: dumb",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: dumb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dumb"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dumb",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *dumb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumb",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dumba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dumbum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"expansion": "dumb",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dumb"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "dumbnes"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mute, dumb (unable to speak)"
],
"links": [
[
"mute",
"mute"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When he drove out the demon, the mute person spoke.",
"roman": "Þā hē ūt ādrāf þā dēofolsēocnesse, þā spræc se dumba.",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 11:14",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mute"
],
"links": [
[
"mute",
"mute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(substantive) a mute"
],
"tags": [
"substantive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dumb/"
}
],
"word": "dumb"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.