cyrf in Old English

IPA: /kyrf/, [kyrˠf] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”). Etymology templates: {{root|ang|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kurbi}} Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*kurbiz}} Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-|t=to scratch}} Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”), {{cog|prg|gīrbin||number}} Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), {{cog|cu|жрѣбии||lot, tallymark}} Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), {{cog|grc|γράφειν||to scratch, etch}} Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”), {{cog|ofs|kerf|t=incision, cutting, notch}} Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=cyrf|sort=}} cyrf m, {{ang-noun|m|head=cyrf}} cyrf m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-i-m|cyrf}}, {{ang-decl-noun|cyrf|cyrfas|cyrf|cyrfas|cyrfes|cyrfa|cyrfe|cyrfum|num=|title=|type=strong i-stem}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], cyrf [nominative, singular], cyrfas [nominative, plural], cyrf [accusative, singular], cyrfas [accusative, plural], cyrfes [genitive, singular], cyrfa [genitive, plural], cyrfe [dative, singular], cyrfum [dative, plural]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "kerf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kurbi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kurbi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kurbiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kurbiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "gīrbin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "number"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "жрѣбии",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lot, tallymark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφειν",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scratch, etch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kerf",
        "t": "incision, cutting, notch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "cyrf",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "cyrf"
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf",
        "2": "cyrfas",
        "3": "cyrf",
        "4": "cyrfas",
        "5": "cyrfes",
        "6": "cyrfa",
        "7": "cyrfe",
        "8": "cyrfum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ċeorfan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an instrument used for cutting"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-m0wN9eYV",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a cutting (off)"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-1VyZrduJ",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 2 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 6 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 5 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "what is cut off"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-0FuF9pJs",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kyrf/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kyrˠf]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyrf"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English i-stem nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English masculine nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "kerf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kurbi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kurbi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kurbiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kurbiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "gīrbin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "number"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "жрѣбии",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lot, tallymark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφειν",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scratch, etch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kerf",
        "t": "incision, cutting, notch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "cyrf",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "cyrf"
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf",
        "2": "cyrfas",
        "3": "cyrf",
        "4": "cyrfas",
        "5": "cyrfes",
        "6": "cyrfa",
        "7": "cyrfe",
        "8": "cyrfum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ċeorfan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an instrument used for cutting"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a cutting (off)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "what is cut off"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kyrf/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kyrˠf]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyrf"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"cyrf" meaning in Old English

Noun