cyrf in All languages combined

IPA: /kyrf/, [kyrˠf] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”). Etymology templates: {{root|ang|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kurbi}} Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*kurbiz}} Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, {{m|gem-pro|*kerbaną|t=to carve}} *kerbaną (“to carve”), {{der|ang|ine-pro|*gerbʰ-|t=to scratch}} Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”), {{cog|prg|gīrbin||number}} Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), {{cog|cu|жрѣбии||lot, tallymark}} Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), {{cog|grc|γράφειν||to scratch, etch}} Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”), {{cog|ofs|kerf|t=incision, cutting, notch}} Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=cyrf|sort=}} cyrf m, {{ang-noun|m|head=cyrf}} cyrf m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-i-m|cyrf}}, {{ang-decl-noun|cyrf|cyrfas|cyrf|cyrfas|cyrfes|cyrfa|cyrfe|cyrfum|num=|title=|type=strong i-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], cyrf [nominative, singular], cyrfas [nominative, plural], cyrf [accusative, singular], cyrfas [accusative, plural], cyrfes [genitive, singular], cyrfa [genitive, plural], cyrfe [dative, singular], cyrfum [dative, plural]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "kerf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kurbi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kurbi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kurbiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kurbiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kerbaną",
        "t": "to carve"
      },
      "expansion": "*kerbaną (“to carve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "gīrbin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "number"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "жрѣбии",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lot, tallymark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφειν",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scratch, etch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kerf",
        "t": "incision, cutting, notch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "cyrf",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "cyrf"
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf",
        "2": "cyrfas",
        "3": "cyrf",
        "4": "cyrfas",
        "5": "cyrfes",
        "6": "cyrfa",
        "7": "cyrfe",
        "8": "cyrfum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ċeorfan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an instrument used for cutting"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-m0wN9eYV",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a cutting (off)"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-1VyZrduJ",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 2 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "what is cut off"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyrf-ang-noun-0FuF9pJs",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kyrf/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kyrˠf]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyrf"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English i-stem nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English masculine nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English terms with redundant head parameter"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "kerf"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: kerf, carffe, kerfe, kirf, kyrf\nEnglish: kerf, carf\nScots: kerf, carf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kurbi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kurbi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kurbiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kurbiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kerbaną",
        "t": "to carve"
      },
      "expansion": "*kerbaną (“to carve”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gerbʰ-",
        "t": "to scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "gīrbin",
        "3": "",
        "4": "number"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "жрѣбии",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lot, tallymark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γράφειν",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scratch, etch"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kerf",
        "t": "incision, cutting, notch"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kurbi, from Proto-Germanic *kurbiz, from *kerbaną (“to carve”), from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ- (“to scratch”) (compare Old Prussian gīrbin (“number”), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбии (žrěbii, “lot, tallymark”), Ancient Greek γράφειν (gráphein, “to scratch, etch”)). Cognate with Old Frisian kerf (“incision, cutting, notch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrf",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyrfum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "cyrf",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "cyrf"
      },
      "expansion": "cyrf m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cyrf",
        "2": "cyrfas",
        "3": "cyrf",
        "4": "cyrfas",
        "5": "cyrfes",
        "6": "cyrfa",
        "7": "cyrfe",
        "8": "cyrfum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ċeorfan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an instrument used for cutting"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a cutting (off)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "what is cut off"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kyrf/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kyrˠf]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyrf"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"cyrf" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Old English]