"ætrian" meaning in Old English

See ætrian in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈæːt.ri.ɑn/
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”), equivalent to ātor (“poison”) + -ian. Cognate with Old High German eitarōn, eittarōn, Old Norse eitra. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*aitrōn}} Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*aitrōną|t=to fester, putrify}} Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”), {{affix|ang|ātor|-ian|t1=poison}} ātor (“poison”) + -ian, {{cog|goh|eitarōn}} Old High German eitarōn, {{cog|non|eitra}} Old Norse eitra Head templates: {{ang-verb|ǣtrian}} ǣtrian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|ǣtrian<w2>}} Forms: ǣtrian [canonical], weak [table-tags], ǣtrian [infinitive], ǣtrienne [infinitive], ǣtriġe [first-person, present, singular], ǣtrode [first-person, past, singular], ǣtrast [present, second-person, singular], ǣtrodest [past, second-person, singular], ǣtraþ [present, singular, third-person], ǣtrode [past, singular, third-person], ǣtriaþ [plural, present], ǣtrodon [past, plural], ǣtriġe [present, singular], ǣtrode [past, singular], ǣtriġen [plural, present], ǣtroden [past, plural], ǣtra [imperative, past, present, singular], ǣtriaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], ǣtriende [imperative, present], ǣtrod [imperative, past], ġeǣtrod [imperative, past]
  1. (transitive) to poison Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-ætrian-ang-verb-dZIcG3TY Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Old English terms suffixed with -ian, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Old English terms suffixed with -ian: 36 36 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 35 35 30
  2. (transitive) to envenom Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-ætrian-ang-verb-Ay-Mqrq3 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Old English terms suffixed with -ian, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Old English terms suffixed with -ian: 36 36 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 35 35 30
  3. (intransitive) to make or become poisonous Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-ætrian-ang-verb-WdI99KBL Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Old English terms suffixed with -ian, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Old English terms suffixed with -ian: 36 36 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 35 35 30
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ġeǣtrian, ātrian, ǣttrian Derived forms: ǣtren Related terms: ǣtrennes 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ǣtren"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "attren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: attren\nEnglish: atter\nScots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: attren\nEnglish: atter\nScots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōną",
        "t": "to fester, putrify"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ātor",
        "3": "-ian",
        "t1": "poison"
      },
      "expansion": "ātor (“poison”) + -ian",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "eitarōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German eitarōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "eitra"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse eitra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”), equivalent to ātor (“poison”) + -ian. Cognate with Old High German eitarōn, eittarōn, Old Norse eitra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ǣtrian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtraþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtroden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeǣtrod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ǣtrian"
      },
      "expansion": "ǣtrian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ǣtrian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ǣtrennes"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 36 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to poison"
      ],
      "id": "en-ætrian-ang-verb-dZIcG3TY",
      "links": [
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to poison"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 36 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to envenom"
      ],
      "id": "en-ætrian-ang-verb-Ay-Mqrq3",
      "links": [
        [
          "envenom",
          "envenom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to envenom"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 36 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 35 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make or become poisonous"
      ],
      "id": "en-ætrian-ang-verb-WdI99KBL",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to make or become poisonous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæːt.ri.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ġeǣtrian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ātrian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ǣttrian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ætrian"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ǣtren"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "attren"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: attren\nEnglish: atter\nScots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: attren\nEnglish: atter\nScots: etter (vocalism may be due to influence from Old Norse eitra)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*aitrōną",
        "t": "to fester, putrify"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ātor",
        "3": "-ian",
        "t1": "poison"
      },
      "expansion": "ātor (“poison”) + -ian",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "eitarōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German eitarōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "eitra"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse eitra",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *aitrōn, from Proto-Germanic *aitrōną (“to fester, putrify”), equivalent to ātor (“poison”) + -ian. Cognate with Old High German eitarōn, eittarōn, Old Norse eitra.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ǣtrian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtraþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtroden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtra",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtriende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ǣtrod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeǣtrod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ǣtrian"
      },
      "expansion": "ǣtrian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ǣtrian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ǣtrennes"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to poison"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poison",
          "poison"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to poison"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to envenom"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "envenom",
          "envenom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to envenom"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make or become poisonous"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to make or become poisonous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈæːt.ri.ɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ġeǣtrian"
    },
    {
      "word": "ātrian"
    },
    {
      "word": "ǣttrian"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ætrian"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ætrian meaning in Old English (4.4kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.