"toyenes" meaning in Middle English

See toyenes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

Etymology: From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|tōgeagnes}} Old English tōgeagnes Head templates: {{head|enm|adverb}} toyenes
  1. As part of an exchange; in reply, in return.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-adv-yy7mAxcf
  2. Prior to; before.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-adv-CRhtAkRI Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English prepositions, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 30 37 0 1 2 3 12 3 4 7 Disambiguation of Middle English prepositions: 12 29 6 6 7 9 9 4 6 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 34 43 0 1 2 3 7 2 4 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 45 0 1 2 1 13 1 2 2 Synonyms (preposition): toyens, toyeines, toyans, toyeans, toȝenes, toȝens, toȝeines, toȝennes, toȝaines, toȝanes, toȝæines, toȝenste, toȝenst, toȝeinst, togenes, togeanes, toganes, togænes, tojanes, tegenes Disambiguation of 'preposition': 7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: toȝeines [adverb], togeanes [adverb], toȝenste [conjunction], toȝenst [conjunction]

Conjunction

Etymology: From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|tōgeagnes}} Old English tōgeagnes Head templates: {{head|enm|conjunction}} toyenes
  1. Until. Related terms: toayens, toyen
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-conj-dTo7ibS1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: toȝeines [adverb], togeanes [adverb], toȝenste [conjunction], toȝenst [conjunction]

Preposition

Etymology: From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|tōgeagnes}} Old English tōgeagnes Head templates: {{head|enm|preposition}} toyenes
  1. Towards, with hostility; against.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-XM4fTn7i
  2. In defence against.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-rso49lyf
  3. In opposition to something, often for moral or philosophical reasons.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-ympTLFU8
  4. Placed in physical proximity to; abutting.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-Ta~lapvV
  5. In the presence of.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-UmQlP~LG
  6. Facing towards something.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-f-eZ0CgD
  7. On the topic of; concerning.
    Sense id: en-toyenes-enm-prep-w9dJLGVP
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: toȝeines [adverb], togeanes [adverb], toȝenste [conjunction], toȝenst [conjunction]

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "tōgeagnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Towards, with hostility; against."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-XM4fTn7i",
      "links": [
        [
          "hostility",
          "hostility"
        ],
        [
          "against",
          "against"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In defence against."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-rso49lyf",
      "links": [
        [
          "defence",
          "defence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In opposition to something, often for moral or philosophical reasons."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-ympTLFU8",
      "links": [
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral"
        ],
        [
          "philosophical",
          "philosophical"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Placed in physical proximity to; abutting."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-Ta~lapvV",
      "links": [
        [
          "proximity",
          "proximity"
        ],
        [
          "abutting",
          "abutting"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In the presence of."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-UmQlP~LG",
      "links": [
        [
          "presence",
          "presence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Facing towards something."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-f-eZ0CgD"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "On the topic of; concerning."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-w9dJLGVP",
      "links": [
        [
          "topic",
          "topic"
        ],
        [
          "concerning",
          "concerning"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "tōgeagnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
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  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "As part of an exchange; in reply, in return."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-adv-yy7mAxcf",
      "links": [
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ],
        [
          "reply",
          "reply"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 0 1 2 3 12 3 4 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 29 6 6 7 9 9 4 6 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 43 0 1 2 3 7 2 4 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 45 0 1 2 1 13 1 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Prior to; before."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-adv-CRhtAkRI",
      "links": [
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toyens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toyeines"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toyans"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toyeans"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝenes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝens"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝeines"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝennes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝaines"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝanes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝæines"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝenste"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝenst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toȝeinst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "togenes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "togeanes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "toganes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "togænes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "tojanes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 8 8 9 9 12 13 18 7",
          "sense": "preposition",
          "word": "tegenes"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "tōgeagnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "conj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Until."
      ],
      "id": "en-toyenes-enm-conj-dTo7ibS1",
      "links": [
        [
          "Until",
          "until"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "toayens"
        },
        {
          "word": "toyen"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
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    },
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English conjunctions",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prepositions",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Towards, with hostility; against."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hostility",
          "hostility"
        ],
        [
          "against",
          "against"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In defence against."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defence",
          "defence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In opposition to something, often for moral or philosophical reasons."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "opposition",
          "opposition"
        ],
        [
          "moral",
          "moral"
        ],
        [
          "philosophical",
          "philosophical"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Placed in physical proximity to; abutting."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "proximity",
          "proximity"
        ],
        [
          "abutting",
          "abutting"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In the presence of."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "presence",
          "presence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Facing towards something."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "On the topic of; concerning."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "topic",
          "topic"
        ],
        [
          "concerning",
          "concerning"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝennes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝaines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝæines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeinst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toganes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togænes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tojanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tegenes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English conjunctions",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prepositions",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "tōgeagnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adverb"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "As part of an exchange; in reply, in return."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "exchange",
          "exchange"
        ],
        [
          "reply",
          "reply"
        ],
        [
          "return",
          "return"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Prior to; before."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "before",
          "before"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝennes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝaines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝæines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeinst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toganes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togænes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tojanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tegenes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English conjunctions",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English prepositions",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "tōgeagnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English tōgeagnes",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "conjunction"
      },
      "expansion": "toyenes",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "conj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "toayens"
    },
    {
      "word": "toyen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Until."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Until",
          "until"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toyeans"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝens"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝennes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝaines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝæines"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝenst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toȝeinst"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togenes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "toganes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "togænes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tojanes"
    },
    {
      "sense": "preposition",
      "word": "tegenes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "toȝeines"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ],
      "word": "togeanes"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenste"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "conjunction"
      ],
      "word": "toȝenst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toyenes"
}

Download raw JSONL data for toyenes meaning in Middle English (6.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.