See tonge in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "houndestonge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "oxtonge"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "English: tongue, tounge (misspelling, otherwise obsolete), tung (eye dialect, otherwise obsolete), tong, tonge, toong, toongue, toung, toungue, tunge (obsolete)\nAustralian Kriol: tang\nBislama: tang\nSranan Tongo: tongo\nTok Pisin: tang\nTorres Strait Creole: tang",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: tongue, tounge (misspelling, otherwise obsolete), tung (eye dialect, otherwise obsolete), tong, tonge, toong, toongue, toung, toungue, tunge (obsolete)\nAustralian Kriol: tang\nBislama: tang\nSranan Tongo: tongo\nTok Pisin: tang\nTorres Strait Creole: tang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tung",
"3": "tongue",
"4": "tong"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tung, tongue, tong",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tung, tongue, tong"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "3"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tunge",
"4": "",
"5": "tongue, language"
},
"expansion": "Old English tunge (“tongue, language”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tunge (“tongue, language”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tongen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tonge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "tonges",
"pl2": "tongen"
},
"expansion": "tonge (plural tonges or tongen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-snFSEtk5",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) tongue"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A tongue-shaped thing."
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-NLjCKgXP"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 14 4 2 11 28 28 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 21 26 26 6 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He that is God’s wisdom, through whom be all wits and all wisdoms and all speaking languages, he lay as the child that knows no good, nor can speak, nor see, nor control himself, through whom all ears hear, and all men control themselves, and all eyes see.",
"ref": "c. 1225, Dialogue on Vices and Virtues:",
"text": "he ðe is godes wisdom, ðurh hwam bieð alle wittes and ælle wisdomes and alle tungen spekinde, he lai alswa ðat child ðe nan god ne cann, ne speken ne mai, ne isien, ne him seluen wealden, ðurh hwam alle earen ȝehiereð, and alle menn hem seluen welden, and alle eiȝene isieð.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The title of the one hundred and eighth psalm: \"To Victory; the Psalm of David\". / God; don't hold still my praising, as the mouths of the sinners and the mouths of the guilty have opened against me. / They spoke against me with a guilty tongue, they acted against me with words of hatred, and they fought against me without justification.",
"ref": "a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 108:1-3”, in Wycliffe's Bible:",
"text": "The title of the hundrid and eiȝtthe ſalm. To victorye, the ſalm of Dauid. / God, holde thou not ſtille my preiſyng; for the mouth of the ſynner, and the mouth of the gileful man is openyd on me. / Thei ſpaken ayens me with a gileful tunge, and thei cumpaſſiden me with wordis of hatrede; and fouȝten ayens me with out cauſe.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language, speech, wording"
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-IJVEGOSv",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
],
[
"wording",
"wording"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "langage"
},
{
"word": "speche"
},
{
"word": "thede"
},
{
"word": "leden"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtunɡ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tong"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tunge"
}
],
"word": "tonge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tong"
},
"expansion": "English: tong",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tong (tongs); tang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tang",
"3": "taing"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tang, taing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tang, taing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tongs"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tang"
},
"expansion": "Old English tang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tangu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tangu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tangō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tangō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "tangi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tangi",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tang, tange, from Proto-West Germanic *tangu, from Proto-Germanic *tangō. Reinforced by Old Norse tangi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tongen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tonge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "tonges",
"pl2": "tongen"
},
"expansion": "tonge (plural tonges or tongen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Surgery",
"orig": "enm:Surgery",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 14 4 2 11 28 28 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 3 2 7 35 35 3 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 21 26 26 6 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 17 17 14 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"A forceps (surgical tongs)"
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-MWnkuZPU",
"links": [
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"tong",
"tong"
],
[
"surgery",
"surgery"
],
[
"forceps",
"forceps"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"(surgery) A forceps (surgical tongs)"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences",
"surgery"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 14 4 2 11 28 28 4 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 3 2 7 35 35 3 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 1 21 26 26 6 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 17 17 14 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"A device for extinguishing candles."
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-JEbamPgR",
"links": [
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"tong",
"tong"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"extinguishing",
"extinguishing"
],
[
"candle",
"candle"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 17 17 14 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The tang of a blade."
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-T~JuiR8F",
"links": [
[
"tang",
"tang"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fang (long, sharp tooth)"
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-1BsaLATo",
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 4 13 13 13 8 8 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Taste",
"orig": "enm:Taste",
"parents": [
"Drinking",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Senses",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Perception",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 9 17 17 14 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tang (sharp flavour)"
],
"id": "en-tonge-enm-noun-kMM60AVs",
"links": [
[
"tang",
"tang"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) tang (sharp flavour)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔnɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːnɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtanɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtaːnɡ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tongge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toonge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tounge"
}
],
"word": "tonge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "houndestonge"
},
{
"word": "oxtonge"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "English: tongue, tounge (misspelling, otherwise obsolete), tung (eye dialect, otherwise obsolete), tong, tonge, toong, toongue, toung, toungue, tunge (obsolete)\nAustralian Kriol: tang\nBislama: tang\nSranan Tongo: tongo\nTok Pisin: tang\nTorres Strait Creole: tang",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: tongue, tounge (misspelling, otherwise obsolete), tung (eye dialect, otherwise obsolete), tong, tonge, toong, toongue, toung, toungue, tunge (obsolete)\nAustralian Kriol: tang\nBislama: tang\nSranan Tongo: tongo\nTok Pisin: tang\nTorres Strait Creole: tang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tung",
"3": "tongue",
"4": "tong"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tung, tongue, tong",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tung, tongue, tong"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tongue"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "3"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tunge",
"4": "",
"5": "tongue, language"
},
"expansion": "Old English tunge (“tongue, language”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tunge (“tongue, language”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tongen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tonge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "tonges",
"pl2": "tongen"
},
"expansion": "tonge (plural tonges or tongen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"enm:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"tongue"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) tongue"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A tongue-shaped thing."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "He that is God’s wisdom, through whom be all wits and all wisdoms and all speaking languages, he lay as the child that knows no good, nor can speak, nor see, nor control himself, through whom all ears hear, and all men control themselves, and all eyes see.",
"ref": "c. 1225, Dialogue on Vices and Virtues:",
"text": "he ðe is godes wisdom, ðurh hwam bieð alle wittes and ælle wisdomes and alle tungen spekinde, he lai alswa ðat child ðe nan god ne cann, ne speken ne mai, ne isien, ne him seluen wealden, ðurh hwam alle earen ȝehiereð, and alle menn hem seluen welden, and alle eiȝene isieð.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The title of the one hundred and eighth psalm: \"To Victory; the Psalm of David\". / God; don't hold still my praising, as the mouths of the sinners and the mouths of the guilty have opened against me. / They spoke against me with a guilty tongue, they acted against me with words of hatred, and they fought against me without justification.",
"ref": "a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Psalms 108:1-3”, in Wycliffe's Bible:",
"text": "The title of the hundrid and eiȝtthe ſalm. To victorye, the ſalm of Dauid. / God, holde thou not ſtille my preiſyng; for the mouth of the ſynner, and the mouth of the gileful man is openyd on me. / Thei ſpaken ayens me with a gileful tunge, and thei cumpaſſiden me with wordis of hatrede; and fouȝten ayens me with out cauſe.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language, speech, wording"
],
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"speech",
"speech"
],
[
"wording",
"wording"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "langage"
},
{
"word": "speche"
},
{
"word": "thede"
},
{
"word": "leden"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtunɡ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tong"
},
{
"word": "tung"
},
{
"word": "tunge"
}
],
"word": "tonge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Tools"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tong"
},
"expansion": "English: tong",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tong (tongs); tang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tang",
"3": "taing"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tang, taing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tang, taing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tongs"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tang"
},
"expansion": "Old English tang",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tangu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tangu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tangō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tangō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "tangi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tangi",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tang, tange, from Proto-West Germanic *tangu, from Proto-Germanic *tangō. Reinforced by Old Norse tangi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tonges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tongen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tonge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "tonges",
"pl2": "tongen"
},
"expansion": "tonge (plural tonges or tongen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"enm:Surgery"
],
"glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"A forceps (surgical tongs)"
],
"links": [
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"tong",
"tong"
],
[
"surgery",
"surgery"
],
[
"forceps",
"forceps"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"(surgery) A forceps (surgical tongs)"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences",
"surgery"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pair of tongs:",
"A device for extinguishing candles."
],
"links": [
[
"pair",
"pair"
],
[
"tong",
"tong"
],
[
"device",
"device"
],
[
"extinguishing",
"extinguishing"
],
[
"candle",
"candle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The tang of a blade."
],
"links": [
[
"tang",
"tang"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fang (long, sharp tooth)"
],
"links": [
[
"fang",
"fang"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"tang (sharp flavour)"
],
"links": [
[
"tang",
"tang"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) tang (sharp flavour)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔnɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːnɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtanɡ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtaːnɡ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tang"
},
{
"word": "tange"
},
{
"word": "tongge"
},
{
"word": "toonge"
},
{
"word": "tounge"
}
],
"word": "tonge"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tonge meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.