See thirlen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thirl",
"3": ";",
"4": "thrill"
},
"expansion": "English: thirl; thrill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thirl; thrill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "Scots: thirl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: thirl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þȳrlian"
},
"expansion": "Old English þȳrlian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thirl",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "hole"
},
"expansion": "thirl (“hole”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þȳrlian; equivalent to thirl (“hole”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirleth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirledest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ythirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrill",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrillen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þerle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þerlyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þirlen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þirllen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrille",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurlin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "thirlen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "thirlen (third-person singular simple present thirleth, present participle thirlende, thirlynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thirled)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thirl"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 11 20 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a hole, opening, or passage; to bore:",
"To stab or pierce (with a weapon)"
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-JhOg2kwm",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 11 20 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a hole, opening, or passage; to bore:",
"To attach by gouging; to transfix."
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-yGQYOsBv",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"gouging",
"gouging"
],
[
"transfix",
"transfix"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 11 20 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Travel",
"orig": "enm:Travel",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"To diffuse; to spread throughout."
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-CGyUgpBB",
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"diffuse",
"diffuse"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 11 20 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 50 50 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Travel",
"orig": "enm:Travel",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"To occupy or extend into."
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-LfsB1Om2",
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"(rare, anatomy) To occupy or extend into."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rapidly move or lunge."
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-jL-os6Fn",
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"lunge",
"lunge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To rapidly move or lunge."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 11 20 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 22 12 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 15 16 14 26",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 11 13 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emotionally overwhelm."
],
"id": "en-thirlen-enm-verb-WrMla4AU",
"links": [
[
"emotionally",
"emotionally"
],
[
"overwhelm",
"overwhelm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To emotionally overwhelm."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθɛrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθeːrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθirlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθiːrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrilən/"
}
],
"word": "thirlen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Travel",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thirl",
"3": ";",
"4": "thrill"
},
"expansion": "English: thirl; thrill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thirl; thrill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "Scots: thirl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: thirl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þȳrlian"
},
"expansion": "Old English þȳrlian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "thirl",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix",
"t1": "hole"
},
"expansion": "thirl (“hole”) + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þȳrlian; equivalent to thirl (“hole”) + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "thirleth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirledest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirleth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ythirled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "thirl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrill",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrillen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "thrylle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þerle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þerlyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þirlen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þirllen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þrille",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "þurlin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "thirlen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "thirl"
},
"expansion": "thirlen (third-person singular simple present thirleth, present participle thirlende, thirlynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thirled)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "thirl"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To make a hole, opening, or passage; to bore:",
"To stab or pierce (with a weapon)"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"stab",
"stab"
],
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make a hole, opening, or passage; to bore:",
"To attach by gouging; to transfix."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"passage",
"passage"
],
[
"bore",
"bore"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"gouging",
"gouging"
],
[
"transfix",
"transfix"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"To diffuse; to spread throughout."
],
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"diffuse",
"diffuse"
],
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"enm:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"To occupy or extend into."
],
"links": [
[
"enter",
"enter"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"occupy",
"occupy"
],
[
"extend",
"extend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To enter, move or travel into:",
"(rare, anatomy) To occupy or extend into."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To rapidly move or lunge."
],
"links": [
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"lunge",
"lunge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To rapidly move or lunge."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To emotionally overwhelm."
],
"links": [
[
"emotionally",
"emotionally"
],
[
"overwhelm",
"overwhelm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To emotionally overwhelm."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθɛrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθeːrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθirlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθiːrlən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθrilən/"
}
],
"word": "thirlen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thirlen meaning in Middle English (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.