See synne in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sin"
},
"expansion": "English: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English synn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sunnju",
"t": "concern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sunnju (“concern”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunjō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synn, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnju (“concern”), from Proto-Germanic *sunjō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-.\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synnes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "synnen",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "synnen",
"pl2_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "synne (plural synnes or (rare) synnen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synneles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synnere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 14 22 5 2 9 8 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 17 33 3 1 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Iniquity, sinfulness; immoral behaviour."
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-noun-0R3C5ZmJ",
"links": [
[
"Iniquity",
"iniquity"
],
[
"sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 14 22 5 2 9 8 11 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 17 33 3 1 2 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 43 8 3 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 50 50 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"Lewdness, promiscuity."
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-noun-tdb~nNSh",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"Lewdness",
"lewdness"
],
[
"promiscuity",
"promiscuity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"(specifically) Lewdness, promiscuity."
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 50 50 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"A certain (specified) kind or class of sin."
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-noun-uak5xIsV",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"class",
"class"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 14 8 47 12 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "enm:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A wrong; e.g. a mistake or crime."
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-noun-UUY5eBvJ",
"links": [
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(more generally) A wrong; e.g. a mistake or crime."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)/",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsun(ə)/",
"tags": [
"West-Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzun(ə)/",
"note": "SW Midlands",
"tags": [
"West-Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzun(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzin(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛn(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Kentish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛn(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Anglian",
"East"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cynne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sinne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sunne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "syn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "synn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "senne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "zen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Kent"
],
"word": "zenne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "seonne"
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "sun",
"word": "sonne"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 14 11 11 30 23",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Ethics",
"orig": "enm:Ethics",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 18 13 12 29 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sex",
"orig": "enm:Sex",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Reproduction",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)"
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-noun-cuPP4PKs",
"links": [
[
"sonne",
"sonne#Middle_English:_sun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to sin",
"word": "synnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of synnen (“to sin”)"
],
"id": "en-synne-enm-verb-yGz1~6q0",
"links": [
[
"synnen",
"synnen#Middle_English:_to_sin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Sex"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sin"
},
"expansion": "English: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English synn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "synn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English synn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sunnju",
"t": "concern"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sunnju (“concern”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunjō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunjō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁es-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English synn, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnju (“concern”), from Proto-Germanic *sunjō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-.\nThe final vowel is generalised from the Old English oblique forms.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "synnes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "synnen",
"tags": [
"plural",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl2": "synnen",
"pl2_qual": "rare"
},
"expansion": "synne (plural synnes or (rare) synnen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "synful"
},
{
"word": "synneles"
},
{
"word": "synnen"
},
{
"word": "synnere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Iniquity, sinfulness; immoral behaviour."
],
"links": [
[
"Iniquity",
"iniquity"
],
[
"sinfulness",
"sinfulness"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behaviour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"Lewdness, promiscuity."
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"Lewdness",
"lewdness"
],
[
"promiscuity",
"promiscuity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"(specifically) Lewdness, promiscuity."
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sin; a religiously immoral action:",
"A certain (specified) kind or class of sin."
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"religiously",
"religiously"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"class",
"class"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A wrong; e.g. a mistake or crime."
],
"links": [
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(more generally) A wrong; e.g. a mistake or crime."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsin(ə)/",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsun(ə)/",
"tags": [
"West-Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzun(ə)/",
"note": "SW Midlands",
"tags": [
"West-Midlands"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzun(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzin(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈzɛn(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Kentish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛn(ə)/",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Anglian",
"East"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cynne"
},
{
"word": "sin"
},
{
"word": "sine"
},
{
"word": "sinne"
},
{
"word": "sunne"
},
{
"word": "syn"
},
{
"word": "synn"
},
{
"word": "senne"
},
{
"word": "zen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kent"
],
"word": "zenne"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "seonne"
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Sex"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "sun",
"word": "sonne"
}
],
"categories": [
"Early Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)"
],
"links": [
[
"sonne",
"sonne#Middle_English:_sun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of sonne (“sun”)"
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English",
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English non-lemma forms",
"Old English noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Ethics",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Sex"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "synne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to sin",
"word": "synnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of synnen (“to sin”)"
],
"links": [
[
"synnen",
"synnen#Middle_English:_to_sin"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "synne"
}
Download raw JSONL data for synne meaning in Middle English (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.