See singen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for singen meaning in Middle English (14.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sing"
},
"expansion": "English: sing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sing"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "zing"
},
"expansion": "Yola: zing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: zing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "singan",
"t": "to sing"
},
"expansion": "Old English singan (“to sing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "singen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch singen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "singen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German singen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "siunga"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish siunga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "singhen"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic singhen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English singan (“to sing”). Cognate with Middle Dutch singen, Middle High German singen, Old Swedish siunga, and Crimean Gothic singhen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "singeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "singynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "singen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sing",
"2": "sang",
"3": "sung",
"3a": "sang",
"4": "sung",
"class": "3",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "synger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "syngeresse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "syngster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "syngyng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then there were matins, mass, evensong, placebo, dirges, commendations, and matins of Our Lady, which originated from sinful men, to be sung with high-pitched shrieking to keep people from the meaning and understanding of that which was sung, as to make men weary and unsuited to study God's law because of headaches […]",
"ref": "a. 1380, John Wycliffe, Of feyned contemplatif lif, of song, of þe ordynal of salisbury, & of bodely almes & worldly bysynesse of prestis; hou bi þes foure þe fend lettiþ hem fro prechynge of þe gospel",
"text": "Þan were matynys & masse & euen song, placebo & dirige & comendacion & matynes of oure lady ordeyned of synful men, to be songen wiþ heiȝe criynge to lette men fro þe sentence & vnderstondynge of þat þat was þus songen, & to maken men wery & vndisposid to studie goddis lawe for akyng of hedis[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To produce chants or other sung verse (especially of a religious nature)."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-cBRjFv8i",
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"verse",
"verse"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 13 10 9 1 7 1 3 21 22 0 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To explicate or narrate in song."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-Jut4dtOv",
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"explicate",
"explicate"
],
[
"narrate",
"narrate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 8 13 13 5 7 6 6 10 11 2 13 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 17 5 5 12 5 7 12 11 14 2 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 13 10 9 1 7 1 3 21 22 0 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To cry in agony; to produce lamentations."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-XKjkJXs4",
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"agony",
"agony"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 8 13 13 5 7 6 6 10 11 2 13 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sing loudly, cuckoo! / seed grows / and fields bloom",
"ref": "a. 1250, unknown, “Sumer is icumen in”)",
"text": "Lhude sing cuccu / Groweþ sed / and bloweþ med",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To produce birdsong or a similar noise."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-80cinXZg",
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"birdsong",
"birdsong"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 0 21 0 44 5 0 0 0 0 22 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 7 5 12 12 12 12 9 8 4 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To recite a non-sung prayer or religious commendation."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-Bq8qhM97",
"links": [
[
"commendation",
"commendation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 2 3 12 3 4 32 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 3 3 12 3 3 33 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 17 5 5 12 5 7 12 11 14 2 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 7 5 12 12 12 12 9 8 4 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To perform the Eucharist (in a given way)."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-lwd4ordT",
"links": [
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 8 7 5 12 12 12 12 9 8 4 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To talk about; to explicate or narrate."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-OOE0UbBy",
"links": [
[
"explicate",
"explicate"
],
[
"narrate",
"narrate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 7 4 4 5 4 6 30 8 6 2 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Poetry",
"orig": "enm:Poetry",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Literature",
"Culture",
"Entertainment",
"Writing",
"Society",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 7 5 12 12 12 12 9 8 4 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Talking",
"orig": "enm:Talking",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To recite non-sung verse or poetry."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-iXTT~9ru",
"links": [
[
"verse",
"verse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"(rare) To recite non-sung verse or poetry."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 2 3 12 3 4 32 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 3 3 12 3 3 33 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 17 5 5 12 5 7 12 11 14 2 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 13 10 9 1 7 1 3 21 22 0 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To use or play a musical instrument."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-hQgSv9AQ",
"links": [
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 5 2 3 12 3 4 32 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 3 3 12 3 3 33 29 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 13 13 5 7 6 6 10 11 2 13 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 17 5 5 12 5 7 12 11 14 2 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 13 10 9 1 7 1 3 21 22 0 8 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "enm:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make the sound of a musical instrument."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-cvlw~UgS",
"links": [
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 17 5 5 12 5 7 12 11 14 2 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To undergo agony or sorrow."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-0apsTIR0",
"links": [
[
"agony",
"agony"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 8 13 13 5 7 6 6 10 11 2 13 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [
"Sounds",
"Vocalizations",
"Sound",
"Communication",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make an animal sound."
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-pay~eq7O",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To make an animal sound."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsinɡən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cinggen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "singgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "singe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "synge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "syngen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cyngyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cynggyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Kent"
],
"word": "zinge"
}
],
"word": "singen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "singen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "synnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of synnen"
],
"id": "en-singen-enm-verb-uPTpeAsl",
"links": [
[
"synnen",
"synnen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "singen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Animal sounds",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Music",
"enm:Poetry",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Talking"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sing"
},
"expansion": "English: sing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: sing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sing"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "zing"
},
"expansion": "Yola: zing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: zing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "gem-pro",
"4": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "singan",
"t": "to sing"
},
"expansion": "Old English singan (“to sing”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "singen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch singen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "singen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German singen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "siunga"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish siunga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "singhen"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic singhen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English singan (“to sing”). Cognate with Middle Dutch singen, Middle High German singen, Old Swedish siunga, and Crimean Gothic singhen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sang",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "singen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sangen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sange",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "singeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "singynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "singende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sungen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sunge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "singen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sing",
"2": "sang",
"3": "sung",
"3a": "sang",
"4": "sung",
"class": "3",
"y": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "synger"
},
{
"word": "syngeresse"
},
{
"word": "syngster"
},
{
"word": "syngyng"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then there were matins, mass, evensong, placebo, dirges, commendations, and matins of Our Lady, which originated from sinful men, to be sung with high-pitched shrieking to keep people from the meaning and understanding of that which was sung, as to make men weary and unsuited to study God's law because of headaches […]",
"ref": "a. 1380, John Wycliffe, Of feyned contemplatif lif, of song, of þe ordynal of salisbury, & of bodely almes & worldly bysynesse of prestis; hou bi þes foure þe fend lettiþ hem fro prechynge of þe gospel",
"text": "Þan were matynys & masse & euen song, placebo & dirige & comendacion & matynes of oure lady ordeyned of synful men, to be songen wiþ heiȝe criynge to lette men fro þe sentence & vnderstondynge of þat þat was þus songen, & to maken men wery & vndisposid to studie goddis lawe for akyng of hedis[…]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To produce chants or other sung verse (especially of a religious nature)."
],
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"verse",
"verse"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To explicate or narrate in song."
],
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"explicate",
"explicate"
],
[
"narrate",
"narrate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To cry in agony; to produce lamentations."
],
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"agony",
"agony"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Sing loudly, cuckoo! / seed grows / and fields bloom",
"ref": "a. 1250, unknown, “Sumer is icumen in”)",
"text": "Lhude sing cuccu / Groweþ sed / and bloweþ med",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sing (something); to produce (certain) noises with one's voice:",
"To produce birdsong or a similar noise."
],
"links": [
[
"sing",
"sing"
],
[
"birdsong",
"birdsong"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To recite a non-sung prayer or religious commendation."
],
"links": [
[
"commendation",
"commendation"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To perform the Eucharist (in a given way)."
],
"links": [
[
"Eucharist",
"Eucharist"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To talk about; to explicate or narrate."
],
"links": [
[
"explicate",
"explicate"
],
[
"narrate",
"narrate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"To recite non-sung verse or poetry."
],
"links": [
[
"verse",
"verse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To talk, recite, or declare (especially in a particular way or manner):",
"(rare) To recite non-sung verse or poetry."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To use or play a musical instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To make the sound of a musical instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"musical instrument",
"musical instrument"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To undergo agony or sorrow."
],
"links": [
[
"agony",
"agony"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To make an animal sound."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To make an animal sound."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsinɡən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cingen"
},
{
"word": "cinggen"
},
{
"word": "singgen"
},
{
"word": "singe"
},
{
"word": "synge"
},
{
"word": "syngen"
},
{
"word": "cyngyn"
},
{
"word": "cynggyn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kent"
],
"word": "zinge"
}
],
"word": "singen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Animal sounds",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Music",
"enm:Poetry",
"enm:Religion",
"enm:Talking"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "singen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "synnen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of synnen"
],
"links": [
[
"synnen",
"synnen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "singen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.