See schaven in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shave"
},
"expansion": "English: shave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "siafio",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: siafio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: siafio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schave",
"3": "schaif",
"4": "schaiff"
},
"expansion": "Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through confluence with Norwegian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"no\">skave</i>"
},
"expansion": "(through confluence with Norwegian skave)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff; shaav (through confluence with Norwegian skave)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċafan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skaban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schave",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "schave + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sċafan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban; equivalent to schave + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schaveth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schavynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schavest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schavedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schoven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schavede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schavynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schavende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shaven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "schaven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schaveth",
"2": "schavynge",
"3": "schof",
"4": "schaven"
},
"expansion": "schaven (third-person singular simple present schaveth, present participle schavynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schof, past participle schaven)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schav",
"2": "schof",
"3": "schov",
"4": "schav",
"c": "6",
"w": "ed",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schaver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "schavynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To make sharp or smooth; to hone or whet."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-9w36WV6-",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"smooth",
"smooth"
],
[
"hone",
"hone"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 2 2 3 2 5 7 2 2 10 2 3 17 8 9 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 3 3 4 3 6 6 3 3 8 3 6 14 8 7 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 3 3 4 3 4 6 3 3 7 3 4 22 8 6 4 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 6 3 3 31 7 6 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 19 8 37 30 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "enm:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To abrase surgically; to file off."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-AFLElvmQ",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"abrase",
"abrase"
],
[
"surgically",
"surgically"
],
[
"file",
"file"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To rub away or wipe out; to eliminate by abrasion."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-RdQowxTs",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"wipe out",
"wipe out"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"abrasion",
"abrasion"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 19 8 37 30 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "enm:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 20 6 43 26 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Surgery",
"orig": "enm:Surgery",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To razor hair; to use an unpaired blade to cut hair:",
"To shave; to remove all hair in a given area."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-pYtH6B8-",
"links": [
[
"razor",
"razor"
],
[
"unpaired",
"unpaired"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"given",
"given"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 19 8 37 30 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "enm:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To razor hair; to use an unpaired blade to cut hair:",
"To cut hair closely or fully."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-3CuZlG9n",
"links": [
[
"razor",
"razor"
],
[
"unpaired",
"unpaired"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"closely",
"closely"
],
[
"fully",
"fully"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To dice or chop off; to eliminate by cutting."
],
"id": "en-schaven-enm-verb-4HM1rETF",
"links": [
[
"dice",
"dice"
],
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃaːvən/"
}
],
"word": "schaven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Hair",
"enm:Surgery"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shave"
},
"expansion": "English: shave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shave"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "siafio",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: siafio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: siafio"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "schave",
"3": "schaif",
"4": "schaiff"
},
"expansion": "Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through confluence with Norwegian <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"no\">skave</i>"
},
"expansion": "(through confluence with Norwegian skave)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: schave, schaif, schaiff; shaav (through confluence with Norwegian skave)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sċafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English sċafan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*skaban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *skaban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schave",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "schave + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English sċafan, from Proto-West Germanic *skaban; equivalent to schave + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "schaveth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schavynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schavest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schavedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schoven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schavede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schaveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "schavynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schavende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "schaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschaven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yschaved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "schave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shave",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "shaven",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "schaven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "schaveth",
"2": "schavynge",
"3": "schof",
"4": "schaven"
},
"expansion": "schaven (third-person singular simple present schaveth, present participle schavynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative schof, past participle schaven)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "schav",
"2": "schof",
"3": "schov",
"4": "schav",
"c": "6",
"w": "ed",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "schave"
},
{
"word": "schaver"
},
{
"word": "schavynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To make sharp or smooth; to hone or whet."
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"smooth",
"smooth"
],
[
"hone",
"hone"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To abrase surgically; to file off."
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"abrase",
"abrase"
],
[
"surgically",
"surgically"
],
[
"file",
"file"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To scrape or scratch, especially into pieces:",
"To rub away or wipe out; to eliminate by abrasion."
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
],
[
"pieces",
"pieces"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"wipe out",
"wipe out"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"abrasion",
"abrasion"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To razor hair; to use an unpaired blade to cut hair:",
"To shave; to remove all hair in a given area."
],
"links": [
[
"razor",
"razor"
],
[
"unpaired",
"unpaired"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"given",
"given"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To razor hair; to use an unpaired blade to cut hair:",
"To cut hair closely or fully."
],
"links": [
[
"razor",
"razor"
],
[
"unpaired",
"unpaired"
],
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"cut",
"cut"
],
[
"closely",
"closely"
],
[
"fully",
"fully"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To dice or chop off; to eliminate by cutting."
],
"links": [
[
"dice",
"dice"
],
[
"chop",
"chop"
],
[
"off",
"off"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"cutting",
"cutting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃaːvən/"
}
],
"word": "schaven"
}
Download raw JSONL data for schaven meaning in Middle English (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.