See rusen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for rusen meaning in Middle English (5.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "English: ruse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ruse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "ruser"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruse",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser, reuser; by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rusen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rus"
},
"expansion": "rusen (third-person singular simple present ruseth, present participle rusende, rusynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rused)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rus"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To repel; to force away in battle."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-qR3BJNmP",
"links": [
[
"repel",
"repel"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To retreat; to pull away from battle."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-RNL~k49q",
"links": [
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "enm:Hunting",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 36 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 9 72 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 62 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 18 49 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 42 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [
"Conflict",
"Military",
"Violence",
"Human behaviour",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-CYWmtwKi",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
],
[
"elude",
"elude"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"hunting dog",
"hunting dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To drop; to fall down."
],
"id": "en-rusen-enm-verb-GakyBesq",
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"fall down",
"fall down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To drop; to fall down."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈriu̯zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rousen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ruyse"
}
],
"word": "rusen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Late Middle English",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ruse"
},
"expansion": "English: ruse",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: ruse"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "ruser"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ruse",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"nocap": "1",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman ruser, reuser; by surface analysis, ruse + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruseth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rusen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ruseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ruse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rusynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rusende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrused",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rusen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "rus"
},
"expansion": "rusen (third-person singular simple present ruseth, present participle rusende, rusynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rused)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rus"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To repel; to force away in battle."
],
"links": [
[
"repel",
"repel"
],
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"away",
"away"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To retreat; to pull away from battle."
],
"links": [
[
"retreat",
"retreat"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Hunting"
],
"glosses": [
"To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"turn",
"turn#Verb"
],
[
"elude",
"elude"
],
[
"hunter",
"hunter"
],
[
"hunting dog",
"hunting dog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting) To turn to elude hunters or their hunting dogs."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To drop; to fall down."
],
"links": [
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"fall down",
"fall down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To drop; to fall down."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈriu̯zən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "rousen"
},
{
"word": "ruse"
},
{
"word": "ruyse"
}
],
"word": "rusen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.