See rennen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "run",
"3": "rin"
},
"expansion": "English: run, rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: run, rin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "rhin",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: rhin, rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: rhin, rin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to run"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rinnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English rinnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rinnan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rinnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rinnaną",
"t": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to flow, run”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rinna"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rinna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġerennan",
"t": "to coagulate, curdle"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġerennan (“to coagulate, curdle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partially from Old English rinnan, with variants from irnan, iernan, from Proto-West Germanic *rinnan, from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to flow, run”); partially from Old Norse rinna, renna (“to flow, run”), from the same Proto-Germanic source. Compare also Old English ġerennan (“to coagulate, curdle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "renneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunne",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rene",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "renen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "reinen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "reinnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "raine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rainen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ronne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ronen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "erne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ernen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hirnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "earnæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hirnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rennen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "renneth",
"2": "rennende, rennynge",
"3": "ran",
"4": "yrunnen, runnen, yrunne, runne"
},
"expansion": "rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle rennende, rennynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative ran, past participle yrunnen, runnen, yrunne, runne)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "renn",
"2": "ran",
"3": "runn",
"4": "runn",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to run, go, move; to travel; to flee"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-T1gZMI0g",
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"flee",
"flee"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 10 7 8 6 9 1 19 1 2 11 1 2 1 2 1 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 8 6 2 13 21 1 22 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ride (on horseback, on a chariot, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-z7CaG1O0",
"links": [
[
"ride",
"ride"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hasten"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-ibV3mjQm",
"links": [
[
"hasten",
"hasten"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to flow; pour forth, gush out"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-07MOXb62",
"links": [
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"pour forth",
"pour forth"
],
[
"gush",
"gush"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to proceed, continue, carry on"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-CXQAyp1g",
"links": [
[
"proceed",
"proceed"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"carry on",
"carry on"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pursue"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-FcCePyV8",
"links": [
[
"pursue",
"pursue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pass, elapse"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-8DMYpt~~",
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"elapse",
"elapse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) to pass, elapse"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to spread, become current"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-yWycCmFs",
"links": [
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"current",
"current"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be in effect, be valid"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-xOT6bTxZ",
"links": [
[
"in effect",
"in effect"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to coagulate, congeal"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-Yh4tnQlN",
"links": [
[
"coagulate",
"coagulate"
],
[
"congeal",
"congeal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pierce, penetrate"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-CCD9Q~wA",
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rennen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ærnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ærnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rannijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to run, flow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to cause to run, flow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rennen",
"3": "",
"4": "to run, ride fast"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rennen (“to run, ride fast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ærnan and Old Norse, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to cause to run, flow”). Compare Middle Dutch rennen (“to run, ride fast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "renneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rendest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "arnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ærnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hearne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "earne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "erne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rennen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "renneth",
"2": "rennende",
"3": "rende"
},
"expansion": "rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle rennende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rende)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "renn",
"2": "ren",
"c": "de",
"p_part": "rende"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 8 6 2 13 21 1 22 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to ride (transport oneself on horseback) swiftly"
],
"id": "en-rennen-enm-verb-I1agavC6",
"links": [
[
"ride",
"ride"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rennen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "run",
"3": "rin"
},
"expansion": "English: run, rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: run, rin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "rin"
},
"expansion": "Scots: rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: rin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "rhin",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: rhin, rin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: rhin, rin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to run"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rinnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English rinnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rinnan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rinnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rinnaną",
"t": "to flow, run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to flow, run”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "rinna"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rinna",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġerennan",
"t": "to coagulate, curdle"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġerennan (“to coagulate, curdle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Partially from Old English rinnan, with variants from irnan, iernan, from Proto-West Germanic *rinnan, from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to flow, run”); partially from Old Norse rinna, renna (“to flow, run”), from the same Proto-Germanic source. Compare also Old English ġerennan (“to coagulate, curdle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "renneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunne",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ran",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "runnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunnen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrunne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rene",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "renen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "reinen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "reinnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "raine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rainen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "runne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ronne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ronen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "roun",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ruine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rin",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rine",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "rinen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "erne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ernen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hirnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "heorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "earnæ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eorne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eornen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "urnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "uerne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hurnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "irnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hirnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rennen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "renneth",
"2": "rennende, rennynge",
"3": "ran",
"4": "yrunnen, runnen, yrunne, runne"
},
"expansion": "rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle rennende, rennynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative ran, past participle yrunnen, runnen, yrunne, runne)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "renn",
"2": "ran",
"3": "runn",
"4": "runn",
"c": "3"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to run, go, move; to travel; to flee"
],
"links": [
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"go",
"go"
],
[
"move",
"move"
],
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"flee",
"flee"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to ride (on horseback, on a chariot, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"ride",
"ride"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hasten"
],
"links": [
[
"hasten",
"hasten"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to flow; pour forth, gush out"
],
"links": [
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"pour forth",
"pour forth"
],
[
"gush",
"gush"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to proceed, continue, carry on"
],
"links": [
[
"proceed",
"proceed"
],
[
"continue",
"continue"
],
[
"carry on",
"carry on"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pursue"
],
"links": [
[
"pursue",
"pursue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pass, elapse"
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"elapse",
"elapse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) to pass, elapse"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to spread, become current"
],
"links": [
[
"spread",
"spread"
],
[
"current",
"current"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be in effect, be valid"
],
"links": [
[
"in effect",
"in effect"
],
[
"valid",
"valid"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to coagulate, congeal"
],
"links": [
[
"coagulate",
"coagulate"
],
[
"congeal",
"congeal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to pierce, penetrate"
],
"links": [
[
"pierce",
"pierce"
],
[
"penetrate",
"penetrate"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rennen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ærnan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ærnan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rannijaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to cause to run, flow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to cause to run, flow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "rennen",
"3": "",
"4": "to run, ride fast"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch rennen (“to run, ride fast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ærnan and Old Norse, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to cause to run, flow”). Compare Middle Dutch rennen (“to run, ride fast”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "renneth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rendest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rennen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "renneth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rennynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rennende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yrend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "renne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "arnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ærnen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eærne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "hearne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "earne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "herne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "erne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "rennen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "renneth",
"2": "rennende",
"3": "rende"
},
"expansion": "rennen (third-person singular simple present renneth, present participle rennende, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle rende)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "renn",
"2": "ren",
"c": "de",
"p_part": "rende"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to ride (transport oneself on horseback) swiftly"
],
"links": [
[
"ride",
"ride"
]
]
}
],
"word": "rennen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rennen meaning in Middle English (13.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.