See mad in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "amad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madhede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madli"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madnesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madschipe"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "English: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: mad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: mad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Yola: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: mad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġemǣdd"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġemǣdd",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġemǣdd, ġemǣded, the past participle of ġemǣdan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "madde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "madde",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "madder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "maddyst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "madde",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "madder",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "maddyst",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "mad (plural and weak singular madde, comparative madder, superlative maddyst)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "madde",
"2": "madder",
"3": "maddyst"
},
"expansion": "mad (plural and weak singular madde, comparative madder, superlative maddyst)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 2 20 10 13 2 12 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 19 5 15 3 7 19 8 12 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mad, insane, deranged; not of sound mind."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-1VeHOSVn",
"links": [
[
"Mad",
"mad#English"
],
[
"insane",
"insane"
],
[
"deranged",
"deranged"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 2 20 10 13 2 12 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 19 5 15 3 7 19 8 12 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Emotionally overwhelmed; consumed by mood or feelings."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-4hCU3X4I",
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"feelings",
"feelings"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Perplexed, bewildered; surprised emotionally."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-zrxDKuRR",
"links": [
[
"Perplexed",
"perplexed"
],
[
"bewildered",
"bewildered"
],
[
"emotionally",
"emotionally"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 2 20 10 13 2 12 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 19 5 15 3 7 19 8 12 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Irate, rageful; having much anger or fury."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-N4rd1CcK",
"links": [
[
"rageful",
"rageful"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"fury",
"fury"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Idiotic or dumb; badly thought out or conceived"
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-WaIk1p2h",
"links": [
[
"Idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
],
[
"conceived",
"conceived"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 2 20 10 13 2 12 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obstinate, incautious, overenthusiastic."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-pXpqfPin",
"links": [
[
"Obstinate",
"obstinate"
],
[
"incautious",
"incautious"
],
[
"overenthusiastic",
"overenthusiastic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Obstinate, incautious, overenthusiastic."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 5 15 3 7 19 8 12 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 0 12 0 0 32 9 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distraught, sad, unhappy."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-u6BJWgzl",
"links": [
[
"Distraught",
"distraught"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"unhappy",
"unhappy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Distraught, sad, unhappy."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 2 20 10 13 2 12 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Scatterbrained or absent-minded."
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-adj-EgkkF6D0",
"links": [
[
"Scatterbrained",
"scatterbrained"
],
[
"absent-minded",
"absent-minded"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Scatterbrained or absent-minded."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "madd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "medd"
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Derived from the adjective.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "mad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "madden"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 19 5 15 3 7 19 8 12 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 0 7 0 1 15 3 63 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Health",
"orig": "enm:Health",
"parents": [
"Body",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of madden"
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-verb-gBQRd2K2",
"links": [
[
"madden",
"madden#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "mad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "make"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of make"
],
"id": "en-mad-enm-verb-~gAvCvDv",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mad/"
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Health",
"enm:Mind"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "amad"
},
{
"word": "madden"
},
{
"word": "madhede"
},
{
"word": "madli"
},
{
"word": "madnesse"
},
{
"word": "madschipe"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "English: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: mad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Scots: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: mad"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "mad"
},
"expansion": "Yola: mad",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: mad"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ġemǣdd"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġemǣdd",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ġemǣdd, ġemǣded, the past participle of ġemǣdan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "madde",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "madde",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "madder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "maddyst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "madde",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "madder",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "maddyst",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "mad (plural and weak singular madde, comparative madder, superlative maddyst)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "madde",
"2": "madder",
"3": "maddyst"
},
"expansion": "mad (plural and weak singular madde, comparative madder, superlative maddyst)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Mad, insane, deranged; not of sound mind."
],
"links": [
[
"Mad",
"mad#English"
],
[
"insane",
"insane"
],
[
"deranged",
"deranged"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Emotionally overwhelmed; consumed by mood or feelings."
],
"links": [
[
"mood",
"mood"
],
[
"feelings",
"feelings"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Perplexed, bewildered; surprised emotionally."
],
"links": [
[
"Perplexed",
"perplexed"
],
[
"bewildered",
"bewildered"
],
[
"emotionally",
"emotionally"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Irate, rageful; having much anger or fury."
],
"links": [
[
"rageful",
"rageful"
],
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"fury",
"fury"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Idiotic or dumb; badly thought out or conceived"
],
"links": [
[
"Idiotic",
"idiotic"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
],
[
"conceived",
"conceived"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Obstinate, incautious, overenthusiastic."
],
"links": [
[
"Obstinate",
"obstinate"
],
[
"incautious",
"incautious"
],
[
"overenthusiastic",
"overenthusiastic"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Obstinate, incautious, overenthusiastic."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Distraught, sad, unhappy."
],
"links": [
[
"Distraught",
"distraught"
],
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"unhappy",
"unhappy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Distraught, sad, unhappy."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Scatterbrained or absent-minded."
],
"links": [
[
"Scatterbrained",
"scatterbrained"
],
[
"absent-minded",
"absent-minded"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Scatterbrained or absent-minded."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/mad/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛd/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "madd"
},
{
"word": "medd"
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Health",
"enm:Mind"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Derived from the adjective.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "mad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "madden"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of madden"
],
"links": [
[
"madden",
"madden#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English verb forms",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Health",
"enm:Mind"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "mad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English past participles"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "make"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of make"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maːd/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mad/"
}
],
"word": "mad"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mad meaning in Middle English (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.