See hurt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hurt meaning in Middle English (6.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "English: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hurt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hurt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: hurt"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "hurt",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French hurt",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hurt",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Old French hurt",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hurten",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from hurten",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either borrowed from Old French hurt or a back-formation from hurten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hurtes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hurt",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hurtes"
},
"expansion": "hurt (plural hurtes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 24 24 0 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"A wound or disease; damage to one's body."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun-elf~34c4",
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 38 19 22 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 36 20 22 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 41 18 20 2 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 24 24 0 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 37 16 17 4 7 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "enm:Money",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"Monetary loss; damage to one's finances."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun-JcL47vNP",
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"Monetary",
"monetary"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"finance",
"finance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 24 24 0 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"A transgression; the act of violating."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun-wnPqYp~O",
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"transgression",
"transgression"
],
[
"violating",
"violating"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"(law) A transgression; the act of violating."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 24 24 24 0 4 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"Spiritual damage."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun-Y5gmcebo",
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"Spiritual",
"spiritual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"(rare) Spiritual damage."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A blunder or that which causes one."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun-y2smGlcf",
"links": [
[
"blunder",
"blunder"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A blunder or that which causes one."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 18 13 17 1 36 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sadness, distress, confusion."
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-noun--gsnn9Uy",
"links": [
[
"Sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"confusion",
"confusion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Sadness, distress, confusion."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hurt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hirt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hert"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hirt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hirte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "horte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hurte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hyrt"
}
],
"word": "hurt"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "hurt",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hurten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hurten"
],
"id": "en-hurt-enm-verb-S9bs9R3y",
"links": [
[
"hurten",
"hurten#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hurt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English back-formations",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Money",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "English: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hurt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hurt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "hurt"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: hurt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: hurt"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "borrowed"
},
"expansion": "borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hurt",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French hurt",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "hurt",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Old French hurt",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hurten",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from hurten",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Either borrowed from Old French hurt or a back-formation from hurten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hurtes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
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},
"expansion": "hurt",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hurtes"
},
"expansion": "hurt (plural hurtes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"A wound or disease; damage to one's body."
],
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"wound",
"wound"
],
[
"disease",
"disease"
],
[
"body",
"body"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"Monetary loss; damage to one's finances."
],
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"Monetary",
"monetary"
],
[
"loss",
"loss"
],
[
"finance",
"finance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"A transgression; the act of violating."
],
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"transgression",
"transgression"
],
[
"violating",
"violating"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"(law) A transgression; the act of violating."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"Spiritual damage."
],
"links": [
[
"Injury",
"injury"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"detrimental",
"detrimental"
],
[
"Spiritual",
"spiritual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Injury, harm or damage; that which is detrimental:",
"(rare) Spiritual damage."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A blunder or that which causes one."
],
"links": [
[
"blunder",
"blunder"
],
[
"cause",
"cause"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A blunder or that which causes one."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Sadness, distress, confusion."
],
"links": [
[
"Sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"distress",
"distress"
],
[
"confusion",
"confusion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Sadness, distress, confusion."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hurt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hirt/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hert"
},
{
"word": "hirt"
},
{
"word": "hirte"
},
{
"word": "horte"
},
{
"word": "hurte"
},
{
"word": "hyrt"
}
],
"word": "hurt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Money",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "hurt",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hurten"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hurten"
],
"links": [
[
"hurten",
"hurten#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hurt"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.