See hors in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "horse"
},
"expansion": "English: horse",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "horse",
"3": "hors"
},
"expansion": "Scots: horse, hors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: horse, hors"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hors"
},
"expansion": "Old English hors",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hross"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hross",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrussą",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱers-",
"4": "",
"5": "run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hors",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "horsen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "horses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hors",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "hors",
"pl2": "horsen",
"pl3": "horses"
},
"expansion": "hors (plural hors or horsen or horses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hors her"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsbak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horscomb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horshelne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsmynte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsscho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horstaile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then each man went quickly, hunting with hounds amongst tall trees, on horse and on foot, until he came close enough to notice the truth.",
"ref": "c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 36, recto, lines 2177-2179; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 74:",
"text": "þan haſtely hiȝed eche wiȝt · on hoꝛſe ⁊ on fote / huntyng wiȝt houndes · alle heie wodes / til þei neyȝyed ſo neiȝh · to nymphe þe ſoþe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a horse (especially male and fully-grown)"
],
"id": "en-hors-enm-noun-ptIWLCyt",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 45 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Equestrianism",
"orig": "enm:Equestrianism",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "enm:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horseman; a mounted soldier."
],
"id": "en-hors-enm-noun-j8~KNcR2",
"links": [
[
"horseman",
"horseman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A horseman; a mounted soldier."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 6 29 2 3 48 2 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 14 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 22 2 2 62 1 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 4 3 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 45 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Equestrianism",
"orig": "enm:Equestrianism",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 11 7 61",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "enm:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 4 4 69",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Livestock",
"orig": "enm:Livestock",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A means of transport (like a horse)"
],
"id": "en-hors-enm-noun-dzufyDRo",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A means of transport (like a horse)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɔrs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horsse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "horce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ors"
}
],
"word": "hors"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hārs"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hārs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *hārs, variant of hās.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "hors",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hos"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 1 45 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Equestrianism",
"orig": "enm:Equestrianism",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hos"
],
"id": "en-hors-enm-adj-6mHGARJ7",
"links": [
[
"hos",
"hos#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hors"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Equestrianism",
"enm:Horses",
"enm:Livestock",
"enm:Military"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "horse"
},
"expansion": "English: horse",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "horse",
"3": "hors"
},
"expansion": "Scots: horse, hors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: horse, hors"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hors"
},
"expansion": "Old English hors",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hross"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hross",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrussą",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱers-",
"4": "",
"5": "run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hors",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "horsen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "horses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hors",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "hors",
"pl2": "horsen",
"pl3": "horses"
},
"expansion": "hors (plural hors or horsen or horses)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hors her"
},
{
"word": "horsbak"
},
{
"word": "horscomb"
},
{
"word": "horsen"
},
{
"word": "horshelne"
},
{
"word": "horsman"
},
{
"word": "horsmynte"
},
{
"word": "horsscho"
},
{
"word": "horstaile"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then each man went quickly, hunting with hounds amongst tall trees, on horse and on foot, until he came close enough to notice the truth.",
"ref": "c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 36, recto, lines 2177-2179; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 74:",
"text": "þan haſtely hiȝed eche wiȝt · on hoꝛſe ⁊ on fote / huntyng wiȝt houndes · alle heie wodes / til þei neyȝyed ſo neiȝh · to nymphe þe ſoþe",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a horse (especially male and fully-grown)"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A horseman; a mounted soldier."
],
"links": [
[
"horseman",
"horseman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A horseman; a mounted soldier."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A means of transport (like a horse)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A means of transport (like a horse)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɔrs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "horse"
},
{
"word": "horsse"
},
{
"word": "horce"
},
{
"word": "ors"
}
],
"word": "hors"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Equestrianism",
"enm:Horses",
"enm:Livestock",
"enm:Military"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hārs"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hārs",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English *hārs, variant of hās.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "hors",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "hos"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of hos"
],
"links": [
[
"hos",
"hos#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "hors"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hors meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.