"hird" meaning in Middle English

See hird in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /hiːrd/, /heːrd/, /ˈhiːrɛd/ Forms: herd [alternative], herde [alternative], hert [alternative], hired [alternative], hyrd [alternative], hyrt [alternative], hirð [alternative], hireden [alternative], hirt [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English hīred, hēored (“family, household”), from Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād, equivalent to hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”). Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|household}}, {{inh|enm|ang|hīred}} Old English hīred, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*hīwarād}} Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād, {{af|enm|hewe|red|id1=servant|id2=counsel|t1=servant|t2=counsel}} hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”) Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} hird, {{enm-noun|-}} hird (uncountable), {{tlb|enm|poetic}} (poetic)
  1. A household; a court. Tags: poetic, uncountable Categories (topical): Collectives, Household
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-Gkxk--Cr Disambiguation of Collectives: 16 27 17 25 11 5 Disambiguation of Household: 63 12 6 12 4 3
  2. A company or band of people:
    One's attendants; a retinue.
    Tags: poetic, uncountable Categories (topical): Collectives
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-KgqinI2s Disambiguation of Collectives: 16 27 17 25 11 5 Categories (other): Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 26 2 2 21 4 14 5 3 17 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 1 1 25 3 18 3 2 19 1 2 1 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 2 37 6 30 13 11
  3. A company or band of people:
    An army; a troop.
    Tags: poetic, uncountable Categories (topical): Collectives, Military
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-P1hL8d~~ Disambiguation of Collectives: 16 27 17 25 11 5 Disambiguation of Military: 0 0 100 0 0 0
  4. (rare) One's offspring or progeny. Tags: poetic, rare, uncountable Categories (topical): Collectives, Family, Nobility
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-wAfef6Eq Disambiguation of Collectives: 16 27 17 25 11 5 Disambiguation of Family: 0 16 16 62 3 3 Disambiguation of Nobility: 12 22 18 36 8 5 Categories (other): Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 26 2 2 21 4 14 5 3 17 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 24 1 1 25 3 18 3 2 19 1 2 1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: hirdman
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} hird
  1. Alternative form of herde (“herd”) Tags: alt-of, alternative, poetic Alternative form of: herde (extra: herd) Categories (topical): Collectives
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-9SLXPkG8 Disambiguation of Collectives: 16 27 17 25 11 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} hird
  1. Alternative form of herde (“herder”) Tags: alt-of, alternative, poetic Alternative form of: herde (extra: herder)
    Sense id: en-hird-enm-noun-iTQ-7nxX
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "household"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hīred"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hīred",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hīwarād"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "hewe",
        "3": "red",
        "id1": "servant",
        "id2": "counsel",
        "t1": "servant",
        "t2": "counsel"
      },
      "expansion": "hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hīred, hēored (“family, household”), from Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād, equivalent to hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "herd",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hert",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hired",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hyrd",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hyrt",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hirð",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hireden",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hirt",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hird",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "hird (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "poetic"
      },
      "expansion": "(poetic)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hirdman"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 27 17 25 11 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 12 6 12 4 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Household",
          "orig": "enm:Household",
          "parents": [
            "Home",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A household; a court."
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-Gkxk--Cr",
      "links": [
        [
          "household",
          "household"
        ],
        [
          "court",
          "court"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 2 21 4 14 5 3 17 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 1 1 25 3 18 3 2 19 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 37 6 30 13 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 27 17 25 11 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A company or band of people:",
        "One's attendants; a retinue."
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-KgqinI2s",
      "links": [
        [
          "company",
          "company"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band"
        ],
        [
          "attendant",
          "attendant"
        ],
        [
          "retinue",
          "retinue"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 27 17 25 11 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 100 0 0 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Military",
          "orig": "enm:Military",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A company or band of people:",
        "An army; a troop."
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-P1hL8d~~",
      "links": [
        [
          "company",
          "company"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band"
        ],
        [
          "army",
          "army"
        ],
        [
          "troop",
          "troop"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 2 21 4 14 5 3 17 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 1 1 25 3 18 3 2 19 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 27 17 25 11 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 16 16 62 3 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Family",
          "orig": "enm:Family",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 22 18 36 8 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "enm:Nobility",
          "parents": [
            "High society",
            "People",
            "Society",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One's offspring or progeny."
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-wAfef6Eq",
      "links": [
        [
          "offspring",
          "offspring"
        ],
        [
          "progeny",
          "progeny"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) One's offspring or progeny."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/heːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhiːrɛd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "hird",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "herd",
          "word": "herde"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 27 17 25 11 5",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "enm:Collectives",
          "parents": [
            "Miscellaneous",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of herde (“herd”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-9SLXPkG8",
      "links": [
        [
          "herde",
          "herde#Middle_English:_herd"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "hird",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
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    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "herder",
          "word": "herde"
        }
      ],
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        "Alternative form of herde (“herder”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-hird-enm-noun-iTQ-7nxX",
      "links": [
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          "herde",
          "herde#Middle_English:_herder"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English compound terms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English poetic terms",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
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    "enm:Family",
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  "etymology_number": 1,
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      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād",
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    },
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        "t2": "counsel"
      },
      "expansion": "hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hīred, hēored (“family, household”), from Proto-West Germanic *hīwarād, equivalent to hewe (“servant”) + red (“counsel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "herd",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hert",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hired",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hyrd",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hyrt",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hirð",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hireden",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hirt",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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      "expansion": "hird",
      "name": "head"
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "hird (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
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  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A household; a court."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "household",
          "household"
        ],
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          "court",
          "court"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A company or band of people:",
        "One's attendants; a retinue."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "company",
          "company"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band"
        ],
        [
          "attendant",
          "attendant"
        ],
        [
          "retinue",
          "retinue"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A company or band of people:",
        "An army; a troop."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "company",
          "company"
        ],
        [
          "band",
          "band"
        ],
        [
          "army",
          "army"
        ],
        [
          "troop",
          "troop"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One's offspring or progeny."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "offspring",
          "offspring"
        ],
        [
          "progeny",
          "progeny"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) One's offspring or progeny."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "poetic",
        "rare",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hiːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/heːrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhiːrɛd/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}

{
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    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
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    "enm:Household",
    "enm:Military",
    "enm:Nobility"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      "expansion": "hird",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "herd",
          "word": "herde"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of herde (“herd”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "herde",
          "herde#Middle_English:_herd"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Collectives",
    "enm:Family",
    "enm:Household",
    "enm:Military",
    "enm:Nobility"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "2": "noun"
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      "expansion": "hird",
      "name": "head"
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  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "herder",
          "word": "herde"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of herde (“herder”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "herde",
          "herde#Middle_English:_herder"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hird"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hird meaning in Middle English (4.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (8c1bb29 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.