See fostren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foster"
},
"expansion": "English: foster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: foster"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "foster"
},
"expansion": "Scots: foster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: foster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fōstran",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English fōstran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fōstran"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English fōstran",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fōstrijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fōstrijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōstrijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōstrijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "foster",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "foster + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English fōstran, fōstrian, alteration of fēstran (after fōster), from Proto-West Germanic *fōstrijan, from Proto-Germanic *fōstrijaną; equivalent to foster + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fostreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yfostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fostren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "fostr"
},
"expansion": "fostren (third-person singular simple present fostreth, present participle fostrende, fostrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fostred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fostr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Food and drink",
"orig": "enm:Food and drink",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To supply with food or nourishment; to feed."
],
"id": "en-fostren-enm-verb-XkhM9den",
"links": [
[
"supply",
"supply"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"nourishment",
"nourishment"
],
[
"feed",
"feed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feden"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 52 16 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 37 21 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 44 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 44 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To nurture or educate; to bring up."
],
"id": "en-fostren-enm-verb-1asxMWyJ",
"links": [
[
"nurture",
"nurture"
],
[
"educate",
"educate"
],
[
"bring up",
"bring up"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To guard or cherish; to provide with protection or support."
],
"id": "en-fostren-enm-verb-GqW4bVU-",
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"cherish",
"cherish"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Size",
"orig": "enm:Size",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cultivate, encourage, or grow."
],
"id": "en-fostren-enm-verb-3ys54FFp",
"links": [
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔstrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ffostren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "forstre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "foster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fostre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fostrien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fostrin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"sense": "early",
"word": "fosstrenn"
}
],
"word": "fostren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Food and drink",
"enm:Size"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foster"
},
"expansion": "English: foster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: foster"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "foster"
},
"expansion": "Scots: foster",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: foster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fōstran",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English fōstran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fōstran"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English fōstran",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fōstrijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fōstrijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fōstrijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fōstrijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "foster",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitival suffix"
},
"expansion": "foster + -en (infinitival suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English fōstran, fōstrian, alteration of fēstran (after fōster), from Proto-West Germanic *fōstrijan, from Proto-Germanic *fōstrijaną; equivalent to foster + -en (infinitival suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fostreth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostredest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fostren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostreth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostre",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostrende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yfostred",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fostren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "fostr"
},
"expansion": "fostren (third-person singular simple present fostreth, present participle fostrende, fostrynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle fostred)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fostr"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To supply with food or nourishment; to feed."
],
"links": [
[
"supply",
"supply"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"nourishment",
"nourishment"
],
[
"feed",
"feed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To nurture or educate; to bring up."
],
"links": [
[
"nurture",
"nurture"
],
[
"educate",
"educate"
],
[
"bring up",
"bring up"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feden"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To guard or cherish; to provide with protection or support."
],
"links": [
[
"guard",
"guard"
],
[
"cherish",
"cherish"
],
[
"provide",
"provide"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cultivate, encourage, or grow."
],
"links": [
[
"cultivate",
"cultivate"
],
[
"encourage",
"encourage"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔstrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ffostren"
},
{
"word": "forstre"
},
{
"word": "foster"
},
{
"word": "fostre"
},
{
"sense": "early",
"word": "fosstrenn"
},
{
"word": "fostrien"
},
{
"word": "fostrin"
}
],
"word": "fostren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fostren meaning in Middle English (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.