"crien" meaning in Middle English

See crien in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈkriːən/
Etymology: Borrowed from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre; equivalent to cry + -en (infinitival suffix). Etymology templates: {{bor+|enm|fro|crier}} Borrowed from Old French crier, {{der|enm|VL.|*crītāre}} Vulgar Latin *crītāre, {{af|enm|cry|-en|id2=infinitival|pos2=infinitival suffix}} cry + -en (infinitival suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} crien, {{enm-verb|crieth|cryinge|cried}} crien (third-person singular simple present crieth, present participle cryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle criedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|cri|c2=de|part=cryinge|y=0}} Forms: crieth [present, singular, third-person], cryinge [participle, present], criedaccel-form=1 [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], 3|s|past|ind [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], no-table-tags [table-tags], crien [infinitive], to crien [infinitive], crie [infinitive], crie [first-person, present, singular], cried [first-person, past, singular], cride [first-person, past, singular], criest [present, second-person, singular], criedest [past, second-person, singular], cridest [past, second-person, singular], crieth [present, singular, third-person], cried [past, singular, third-person], cride [past, singular, third-person], crie [present, singular, subjunctive], cried [past, singular, subjunctive], cride [past, singular, subjunctive], crie [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], crien [plural, present], crie [plural, present], crieden [past, plural], criede [past, plural], criden [past, plural], cride [past, plural], crieth [imperative, plural, present], crie [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], criynge [participle, present], criende [participle, present], cried [participle, past], crid [participle, past], creie [alternative], cri [alternative], crie [alternative], criȝe [alternative], cry [alternative], crye [alternative], cryen [alternative], criþe [alternative]
  1. To cry out; to shout or yell:
    To weep or cry in sorrow.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-AvZt10Zi
  2. To cry out; to shout or yell:
    (with preposition) To shout against; to verbally protest.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-oXm5xePu Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival) Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival): 17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4
  3. To cry out; to shout or yell:
    To plead for help or justice.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-hFXLAp-x
  4. To cry out; to shout or yell:
    To pray for divine aid; to supplicate.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-qTB5GMAu
  5. To announce or proclaim:
    To order, charge, or direct.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-JHzgoHGa Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival), Pages with entries, Music, Vocalizations Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 23 4 12 4 5 30 12 4 4 3 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival): 17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 35 2 9 2 2 42 3 2 2 2 Disambiguation of Music: 0 12 0 0 67 1 0 18 0 Disambiguation of Vocalizations: 2 15 2 2 72 3 2 2 0
  6. To announce or proclaim:
    To call for people; to summon.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-4irIKQnT Categories (other): Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival), Animal sounds Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival): 17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4 Disambiguation of Animal sounds: 9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7
  7. (of animals) To make a characteristic sound.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-reJHjD8L Categories (other): Animal sounds Disambiguation of Animal sounds: 9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7
  8. To sound a horn or trumpet.
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-XIAOkuq2 Categories (other): Animal sounds Disambiguation of Animal sounds: 9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7
  9. (rare) To feel distraught. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-crien-enm-verb-1Iyxl6Ec
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: criour, cry, wepen

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cry"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cry",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cry"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cry"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cry",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cry"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "cry't",
            "pos": "preterite"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: cry't (preterite)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: cry't (preterite)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "crier"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French crier",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*crītāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *crītāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "cry",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "cry + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre; equivalent to cry + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cryinge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criedaccel-form=1",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3|s|past|ind",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cridest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "creie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cri",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cry",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cryen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crien",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "crieth",
        "2": "cryinge",
        "3": "cried"
      },
      "expansion": "crien (third-person singular simple present crieth, present participle cryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle criedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cri",
        "c2": "de",
        "part": "cryinge",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "criour"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "wepen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To weep or cry in sorrow."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-AvZt10Zi",
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "weep",
          "weep"
        ],
        [
          "cry",
          "cry"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To shout against; to verbally protest."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-oXm5xePu",
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "verbally",
          "verbally"
        ],
        [
          "protest",
          "protest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "(with preposition) To shout against; to verbally protest."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with preposition"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To plead for help or justice."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-hFXLAp-x",
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "plead",
          "plead"
        ],
        [
          "help",
          "help"
        ],
        [
          "justice",
          "justice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To pray for divine aid; to supplicate."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-qTB5GMAu",
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "pray",
          "pray"
        ],
        [
          "divine",
          "divine"
        ],
        [
          "aid",
          "aid"
        ],
        [
          "supplicate",
          "supplicate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 4 12 4 5 30 12 4 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 2 9 2 2 42 3 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 12 0 0 67 1 0 18 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "enm:Music",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 15 2 2 72 3 2 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Vocalizations",
          "orig": "enm:Vocalizations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To announce or proclaim:",
        "To order, charge, or direct."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-JHzgoHGa",
      "links": [
        [
          "announce",
          "announce"
        ],
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 6 14 6 6 21 16 5 5 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal sounds",
          "orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To announce or proclaim:",
        "To call for people; to summon."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-4irIKQnT",
      "links": [
        [
          "announce",
          "announce"
        ],
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal sounds",
          "orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To make a characteristic sound."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-reJHjD8L",
      "links": [
        [
          "characteristic",
          "characteristic"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of animals) To make a characteristic sound."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of animals"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 8 9 8 7 13 21 18 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal sounds",
          "orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sound a horn or trumpet."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-XIAOkuq2",
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ],
        [
          "trumpet",
          "trumpet"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel distraught."
      ],
      "id": "en-crien-enm-verb-1Iyxl6Ec",
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "distraught",
          "distraught"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To feel distraught."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkriːən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crien"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old French",
    "Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Animal sounds",
    "enm:Music",
    "enm:Vocalizations"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cry"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cry",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cry"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cry"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cry",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cry"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "cry't",
            "pos": "preterite"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: cry't (preterite)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: cry't (preterite)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "crier"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old French crier",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*crītāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *crītāre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "cry",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitival suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "cry + -en (infinitival suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre; equivalent to cry + -en (infinitival suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cryinge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criedaccel-form=1",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "3|s|past|ind",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cridest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cride",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crieth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cried",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "creie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cri",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crie",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criȝe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cry",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cryen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "criþe",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "crien",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "crieth",
        "2": "cryinge",
        "3": "cried"
      },
      "expansion": "crien (third-person singular simple present crieth, present participle cryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle criedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cri",
        "c2": "de",
        "part": "cryinge",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "criour"
    },
    {
      "word": "cry"
    },
    {
      "word": "wepen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To weep or cry in sorrow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "weep",
          "weep"
        ],
        [
          "cry",
          "cry"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To shout against; to verbally protest."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "verbally",
          "verbally"
        ],
        [
          "protest",
          "protest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "(with preposition) To shout against; to verbally protest."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with preposition"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To plead for help or justice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "plead",
          "plead"
        ],
        [
          "help",
          "help"
        ],
        [
          "justice",
          "justice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cry out; to shout or yell:",
        "To pray for divine aid; to supplicate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cry out",
          "cry out"
        ],
        [
          "shout",
          "shout"
        ],
        [
          "yell",
          "yell"
        ],
        [
          "pray",
          "pray"
        ],
        [
          "divine",
          "divine"
        ],
        [
          "aid",
          "aid"
        ],
        [
          "supplicate",
          "supplicate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To announce or proclaim:",
        "To order, charge, or direct."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "announce",
          "announce"
        ],
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ],
        [
          "charge",
          "charge"
        ],
        [
          "direct",
          "direct"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To announce or proclaim:",
        "To call for people; to summon."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "announce",
          "announce"
        ],
        [
          "proclaim",
          "proclaim"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To make a characteristic sound."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "characteristic",
          "characteristic"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of animals) To make a characteristic sound."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of animals"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To sound a horn or trumpet."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "horn",
          "horn"
        ],
        [
          "trumpet",
          "trumpet"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To feel distraught."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "distraught",
          "distraught"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To feel distraught."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkriːən/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crien"
}

Download raw JSONL data for crien meaning in Middle English (7.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ('first-person', 'indicative', 'participle', 'past', 'singular', 'third-person'): 'criedaccel-form=1' in 'crien (third-person singular simple present crieth, present participle cryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle criedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)'",
  "path": [
    "crien"
  ],
  "section": "Middle English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "crien",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ('first-person', 'indicative', 'participle', 'past', 'singular', 'third-person'): '3|s|past|ind' in 'crien (third-person singular simple present crieth, present participle cryinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle criedaccel-form=1//3|s|past|ind)'",
  "path": [
    "crien"
  ],
  "section": "Middle English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "crien",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.