See wepen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weapon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wapyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wapoun"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "weapon"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wǣpn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English wǣpn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wǣpn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English wǣpn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wāpn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wāpn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wēpną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wēpną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vápn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vápn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English wǣpn, wēpn, from Proto-West Germanic *wāpn, from Proto-Germanic *wēpną; forms with /aː/, /a/ are possibly from or influenced by Old Norse vápn.\nThe form wepne was originally a plural (from wǣpnu and dissimilation of wepnen), but is often used as a singular, though some instances can be intepreted in either way.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wepnes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepnen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wepyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wapon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "weapon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepene",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "weppen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wapen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wapyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wæpenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wepen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wepnes",
"pl2": "wepen",
"pl4": "wepnen",
"pl4_qual": "mostly early"
},
"expansion": "wepen (plural wepnes or wepen or (mostly early) wepnen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wapentake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wepenles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wepman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wepnen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 13 2 1 7 15 8 18 10 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 8 1 1 4 10 4 22 14 14 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 1 1 9 1 13 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"Something adopted as a weapon."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-noun-lN77HDQ6",
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"adopt",
"adopt"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 13 2 1 7 15 8 18 10 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 1 1 9 1 13 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"Weaponry, armaments."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-noun-zmNnokGg",
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"Weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"armament",
"armament"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"(in the plural) Weaponry, armaments."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A spiritual technique (\"weapon\")"
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-noun-mCviRiul",
"links": [
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual"
],
[
"technique",
"technique"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A spiritual technique (\"weapon\")"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"The penis."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-noun-JrEPyTmp",
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, rare) The penis."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛ̝ːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-pnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛpnə/",
"note": "with shortening before /pn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwaːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwapən/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "wepen"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weep"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weep"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "weip"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weep"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wepe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to weep"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wēpan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English wēpan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wēpan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English wēpan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wōpijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wōpijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wōpijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wōpijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wēop"
},
"expansion": "Old English wēop",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English wēpan, from Proto-West Germanic *wōpijan, from Proto-Germanic *wōpijaną.\nForms with /øː/ are due to the rounding influence of /w/, levelled from the simple past (Old English wēop), or from a combination of both sources.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wepeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wopen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weptest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wept",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wopen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wope",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yweped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywept",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weepe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wepenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "weopen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "wepen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wepeth",
"2": "wepynge",
"3": "wep",
"4": "wopen"
},
"expansion": "wepen (third-person singular simple present wepeth, present participle wepynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative wep, past participle wopen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wep",
"c": "ed",
"c2": "te",
"p_part5": "wepen",
"p_part6": "ywept",
"p_part7": "ywope",
"s2": "wep",
"s3": "wep",
"s4": "wop",
"sc": "7"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"english": "And Jesus wept. Then the Jews said, \"Look how he loved him!\"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 11:35-36, folio 50, verso; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and ıḣc wepte / þ̇foꝛ þe iewis ſeıden / lo hou he louyde hym",
"translation": "And Jesus wept. Then the Jews said, \"Look how he loved him!\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears)"
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-6RbwneR6",
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 13 2 1 7 15 8 18 10 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To weep in religious penitence."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-qSNwmuCR",
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"penitence",
"penitence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To emit water or drops of liquid."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-aMvLZxO3",
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Diseases",
"orig": "enm:Diseases",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 2 1 7 15 8 18 10 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 8 1 1 4 10 4 22 14 14 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 1 1 9 1 13 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To ooze; to produce secretions."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-3WZ06Xed",
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"ooze",
"ooze"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"secretion",
"secretion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"(pathology) To ooze; to produce secretions."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 8 1 1 4 10 4 22 14 14 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 1 1 9 1 13 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lament or complain (especially tearfully).",
"To lament or weep about."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-ECmyn9Gd",
"links": [
[
"lament",
"lament"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"tearfully",
"tearfully#English"
],
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 8 1 1 4 10 4 22 14 14 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 17 1 1 3 15 3 19 12 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 19 2 2 1 11 1 19 14 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "enm:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 22 4 1 1 9 1 13 11 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lament or complain (especially tearfully).",
"To suffer (in worldly existence)"
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-MiWLiDMH",
"links": [
[
"lament",
"lament"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"tearfully",
"tearfully#English"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"worldly",
"worldly#English"
],
[
"existence",
"existence#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To run or flow."
],
"id": "en-wepen-enm-verb-MsqJJ-Df",
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of tears) To run or flow."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of tears"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwøːpən/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland, less common"
}
],
"word": "wepen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 7 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weapon"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wapyn"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wapoun"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappen"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wappin"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "weapon"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wǣpn",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English wǣpn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wǣpn"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English wǣpn",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wāpn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wāpn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wēpną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wēpną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vápn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vápn",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English wǣpn, wēpn, from Proto-West Germanic *wāpn, from Proto-Germanic *wēpną; forms with /aː/, /a/ are possibly from or influenced by Old Norse vápn.\nThe form wepne was originally a plural (from wǣpnu and dissimilation of wepnen), but is often used as a singular, though some instances can be intepreted in either way.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wepnes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepnen",
"tags": [
"error-unknown-tag",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepne",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wepyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "wapon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "weapon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepene",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepon",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "weppen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wapen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wapyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wæpenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wepen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wepnes",
"pl2": "wepen",
"pl4": "wepnen",
"pl4_qual": "mostly early"
},
"expansion": "wepen (plural wepnes or wepen or (mostly early) wepnen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "wapentake"
},
{
"word": "wepenles"
},
{
"word": "wepman"
},
{
"word": "wepnen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"Something adopted as a weapon."
],
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"adopt",
"adopt"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"Weaponry, armaments."
],
"links": [
[
"weapon",
"weapon"
],
[
"tool",
"tool"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
],
[
"Weaponry",
"weaponry"
],
[
"armament",
"armament"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A weapon; an tool of violence:",
"(in the plural) Weaponry, armaments."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A spiritual technique (\"weapon\")"
],
"links": [
[
"spiritual",
"spiritual"
],
[
"technique",
"technique"
],
[
"weapon",
"weapon#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A spiritual technique (\"weapon\")"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The penis."
],
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively, rare) The penis."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛ̝ːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-pnə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɛpnə/",
"note": "with shortening before /pn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwaːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwapən/",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
}
],
"word": "wepen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 7 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak nouns",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Emotions",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "weep"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weep"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "weip"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "weep"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "wepe"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to weep"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wēpan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English wēpan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wēpan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English wēpan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*wōpijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *wōpijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wōpijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wōpijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wēop"
},
"expansion": "Old English wēop",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English wēpan, from Proto-West Germanic *wōpijan, from Proto-Germanic *wōpijaną.\nForms with /øː/ are due to the rounding influence of /w/, levelled from the simple past (Old English wēop), or from a combination of both sources.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wepeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wopen",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weptest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wepynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "wepende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "weped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wept",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wopen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wope",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "yweped",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ywept",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wepe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "weepe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wepyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "wep",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "wepenn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Ormulum"
]
},
{
"form": "weopen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "wepen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "wepeth",
"2": "wepynge",
"3": "wep",
"4": "wopen"
},
"expansion": "wepen (third-person singular simple present wepeth, present participle wepynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative wep, past participle wopen)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wep",
"c": "ed",
"c2": "te",
"p_part5": "wepen",
"p_part6": "ywept",
"p_part7": "ywope",
"s2": "wep",
"s3": "wep",
"s4": "wop",
"sc": "7"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
13
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"english": "And Jesus wept. Then the Jews said, \"Look how he loved him!\"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 11:35-36, folio 50, verso; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "and ıḣc wepte / þ̇foꝛ þe iewis ſeıden / lo hou he louyde hym",
"translation": "And Jesus wept. Then the Jews said, \"Look how he loved him!\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears)"
],
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To weep in religious penitence."
],
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"penitence",
"penitence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To emit water or drops of liquid."
],
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"drop",
"drop"
],
[
"liquid",
"liquid"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Diseases"
],
"glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"To ooze; to produce secretions."
],
"links": [
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"cry",
"cry#English"
],
[
"produce",
"produce#English"
],
[
"tear",
"tear#English"
],
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"ooze",
"ooze"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"secretion",
"secretion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To weep (cry or produce tears):",
"(pathology) To ooze; to produce secretions."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To lament or complain (especially tearfully).",
"To lament or weep about."
],
"links": [
[
"lament",
"lament"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"tearfully",
"tearfully#English"
],
[
"weep",
"weep"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To lament or complain (especially tearfully).",
"To suffer (in worldly existence)"
],
"links": [
[
"lament",
"lament"
],
[
"complain",
"complain"
],
[
"tearfully",
"tearfully#English"
],
[
"suffer",
"suffer"
],
[
"worldly",
"worldly#English"
],
[
"existence",
"existence#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To run or flow."
],
"links": [
[
"tear",
"tear"
],
[
"run",
"run"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of tears) To run or flow."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of tears"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈweːpən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈwøːpən/",
"note": "Southern, Southwest Midland, less common"
}
],
"word": "wepen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wepen meaning in Middle English (14.3kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To weep (cry or produce tears)'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"wepen"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "wepen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.