See siena in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "See siens.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "siena m",
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],
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"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 25 13 19 10",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
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{
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-siena-lv-noun-vkJjq9vr",
"links": [
[
"siens",
"siens#Latvian"
]
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"singular"
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],
"word": "siena"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"1": "lt",
"2": "síena",
"3": "",
"4": "wall, border"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian síena (“wall, border”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎",
"t": "ties, bonds, hobble, chain"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎 (hinu, “ties, bonds, hobble, chain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sin",
"3": "",
"4": "chain, necktie"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sin (“chain, necktie”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wand",
"3": "",
"4": "wall"
},
"expansion": "German Wand (“wall”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Lithuanian síena (“wall, border”). Derived from verb siet (“to tie, bind”) in its older meaning “to braid, to weave” (see etymology of siet), which suggests that the original meaning of siena was “wicker-work”; compare cognates Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎 (hinu, “ties, bonds, hobble, chain”), Old Irish sin (“chain, necktie”). The current meaning suggests that house walls were originally woven with branches and twigs, and then probably covered with mud (compare with German Wand (“wall”), winden (“wind, twist, weave”)); some evidence from old folk songs supports this idea.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "siena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "siena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "siena f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "siena f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sien",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sien",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "siena",
"10": "sienām",
"11": "sienā",
"12": "sienās",
"13": "siena",
"14": "sienas",
"16": "",
"2": "sienas",
"3": "sienu",
"4": "sienas",
"5": "sienas",
"6": "sienu",
"7": "sienai",
"8": "sienām",
"9": "sienu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 45 3 28 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 34 4 24 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 38 4 25 4 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 39 3 26 2 1 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "house, room, barn walls",
"text": "mājas, istabas, šķūna sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "masonry, wooden, log wall",
"text": "mūra, koka, baļķu siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "painted, plastered, papered wall",
"text": "krāsota, balsināta, tapsēta siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to pain the wall",
"text": "krāsot sienu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to paper (lit. paste paper on) the wall",
"text": "līmēt tapetes uz sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wall clock, lamp",
"text": "sienas pulkstenis, lampa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to drive a nail into the wall",
"text": "iesist naglu sienā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hang a painting on the wall",
"text": "pakārt gleznu pie sienas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall (structure (made of wood, masonry, etc.) that limits a building, a room, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-siena-lv-noun-z2Raqelv",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Kremlin walls",
"text": "Kremļa sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fortress walls",
"text": "cietokšņa sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "city walls",
"text": "pilsētas sienas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart (a high enclosure, especially for protection)"
],
"id": "en-siena-lv-noun--i2sO176",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a smoke, flame, fire, fog wall",
"text": "dūmu, liesmu, uguns, miglas siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hatred wall",
"text": "naida siena",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something that encloses, also metaphorically"
],
"id": "en-siena-lv-noun-QtP~RJ8u",
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"metaphorically",
"metaphorically"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "cabinet walls",
"text": "skapja sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cave, pit walls",
"text": "alas, bedres sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "boiler walls",
"text": "tvaika katla sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "stomach wall",
"text": "kuņģa siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "artery wall",
"text": "artērijas siena",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"external side of a container, box, cavity, body organ, etc."
],
"id": "en-siena-lv-noun-4~-ajcIU",
"links": [
[
"container",
"container"
],
[
"box",
"box"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[siêna]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:siena"
],
"word": "siena"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian non-lemma forms",
"Latvian noun forms",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "See siens.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "siena m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "siens"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive singular of siens"
],
"links": [
[
"siens",
"siens#Latvian"
]
],
"tags": [
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"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "siena"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian feminine nouns",
"Latvian fourth declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "síena",
"3": "",
"4": "wall, border"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian síena (“wall, border”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎",
"t": "ties, bonds, hobble, chain"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎 (hinu, “ties, bonds, hobble, chain”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sin",
"3": "",
"4": "chain, necktie"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sin (“chain, necktie”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wand",
"3": "",
"4": "wall"
},
"expansion": "German Wand (“wall”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Lithuanian síena (“wall, border”). Derived from verb siet (“to tie, bind”) in its older meaning “to braid, to weave” (see etymology of siet), which suggests that the original meaning of siena was “wicker-work”; compare cognates Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬥𐬎 (hinu, “ties, bonds, hobble, chain”), Old Irish sin (“chain, necktie”). The current meaning suggests that house walls were originally woven with branches and twigs, and then probably covered with mud (compare with German Wand (“wall”), winden (“wind, twist, weave”)); some evidence from old folk songs supports this idea.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-4",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "4th declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "siena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sienā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sienās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "siena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sienas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "siena f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "4th"
},
"expansion": "siena f (4th declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sien",
"2": "a",
"3": "4th",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sien",
"2": "a",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-4"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "siena",
"10": "sienām",
"11": "sienā",
"12": "sienās",
"13": "siena",
"14": "sienas",
"16": "",
"2": "sienas",
"3": "sienu",
"4": "sienas",
"5": "sienas",
"6": "sienu",
"7": "sienai",
"8": "sienām",
"9": "sienu",
"type": "4th declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "house, room, barn walls",
"text": "mājas, istabas, šķūna sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "masonry, wooden, log wall",
"text": "mūra, koka, baļķu siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "painted, plastered, papered wall",
"text": "krāsota, balsināta, tapsēta siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to pain the wall",
"text": "krāsot sienu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to paper (lit. paste paper on) the wall",
"text": "līmēt tapetes uz sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "wall clock, lamp",
"text": "sienas pulkstenis, lampa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to drive a nail into the wall",
"text": "iesist naglu sienā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to hang a painting on the wall",
"text": "pakārt gleznu pie sienas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall (structure (made of wood, masonry, etc.) that limits a building, a room, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Kremlin walls",
"text": "Kremļa sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "fortress walls",
"text": "cietokšņa sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "city walls",
"text": "pilsētas sienas",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart (a high enclosure, especially for protection)"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a smoke, flame, fire, fog wall",
"text": "dūmu, liesmu, uguns, miglas siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "hatred wall",
"text": "naida siena",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something that encloses, also metaphorically"
],
"links": [
[
"enclose",
"enclose"
],
[
"metaphorically",
"metaphorically"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "cabinet walls",
"text": "skapja sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "cave, pit walls",
"text": "alas, bedres sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "boiler walls",
"text": "tvaika katla sienas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "stomach wall",
"text": "kuņģa siena",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "artery wall",
"text": "artērijas siena",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"external side of a container, box, cavity, body organ, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"container",
"container"
],
[
"box",
"box"
],
[
"cavity",
"cavity"
],
[
"body",
"body"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-4",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[siêna]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:siena"
],
"word": "siena"
}
Download raw JSONL data for siena meaning in Latvian (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.