See drošs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for drošs meaning in Latvian (15.5kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "bailīgs"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "bikls"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "kautrīgs"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "droši vien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drošība"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drošināt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drosme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drosmīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drošums"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*drans-"
},
"expansion": "*drans-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰers-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰres-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰres-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰros-",
"3": "",
"4": "to dare, to be brave, to attack"
},
"expansion": "*dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*der-",
"3": "",
"4": "to peel, to pluck, to slice"
},
"expansion": "*der- (“to peel, to pluck, to slice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*druosus"
},
"expansion": "*druosus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drošs"
},
"expansion": "drošs",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dross"
},
"expansion": "dross",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drosme",
"3": "",
"4": "courage"
},
"expansion": "drosme (“courage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drosmīgs",
"3": "",
"4": "courageous"
},
"expansion": "drosmīgs (“courageous”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drąsùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drąsùs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dyrsos",
"3": "",
"4": "brave"
},
"expansion": "dyrsos (“brave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "dirstlan",
"3": "",
"4": "energetic, impressive"
},
"expansion": "dirstlan (“energetic, impressive”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrzъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrzъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дръзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дръзъ (drŭzŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дрьзъ"
},
"expansion": "дрьзъ (drĭzŭ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "де́рзкий",
"3": "",
"4": "impertinent"
},
"expansion": "Russian де́рзкий (dérzkij, “impertinent”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "drzý"
},
"expansion": "Czech drzý",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dziarski",
"3": "",
"4": "dashing, youthful, quick, fast"
},
"expansion": "Polish dziarski (“dashing, youthful, quick, fast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धृषु",
"3": "",
"4": "neat",
"tr": "dhṛṣú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धृषु (dhṛṣú, “neat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धृष्णु",
"3": "",
"4": "brave, strong",
"tr": "dhṛṣṇú"
},
"expansion": "धृष्णु (dhṛṣṇú, “brave, strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς",
"3": "",
"4": "brave, reckless"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús, “brave, reckless”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰr̥s-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰr̥s-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "infestus",
"3": "",
"4": "unsafe, hostile"
},
"expansion": "Latin infestus (“unsafe, hostile”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *drans-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰers-, *dʰres-, *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”), related to *der- (“to peel, to pluck, to slice”). An original u-stem *druosus gave rise to parallel forms drošs and (dialectal) dross. From the dialectal form were derived drosme (“courage”), drosmīgs (“courageous”). Cognates include Lithuanian drąsùs, Old Prussian dyrsos (“brave”) (nom. fem. pl. or nom. masc. sg.), dirstlan (“energetic, impressive”), Proto-Slavic *dьrzъ (Old Church Slavonic дръзъ (drŭzŭ), дрьзъ (drĭzŭ), Russian де́рзкий (dérzkij, “impertinent”), Czech drzý, Polish dziarski (“dashing, youthful, quick, fast”)), Sanskrit धृषु (dhṛṣú, “neat”), धृष्णु (dhṛṣṇú, “brave, strong”), Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús, “brave, reckless”) (< *dʰr̥s-), Latin infestus (“unsafe, hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drošais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "drošāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visdrošākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droši",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drošs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visdrošākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "droši",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "drošais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "drošāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "drošs (definite drošais, comparative drošāks, superlative visdrošākais, adverb droši)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "droš"
},
"expansion": "drošs (definite drošais, comparative drošāks, superlative visdrošākais, adverb droši)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droš",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 5 30 30 4 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 5 23 22 7 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Aija likes brave, masculine people (i.e., men)",
"text": "Aijai patīk droši, vīrišķīgi cilvēki",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the pigeons became so fearless that they sat on their fellows' shoulders",
"text": "baloži kļuva tik droši, ka savam kopējam sēdēja uz pleciem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brave, fearless, confident (not afraid, behaving freely, unconstrained)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-Qa8ES5jM",
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"fearless",
"fearless"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid#English"
],
[
"behaving",
"behave#English"
],
[
"free",
"free#English"
],
[
"unconstrained",
"unconstrained#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 5 23 22 7 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "confident demeanor",
"text": "droša izturēšanās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brave, confident mind, spirit",
"text": "drošs prāts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "confident speech",
"text": "droša uzstāšanās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "confident answer",
"text": "droša atbilde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to speak in a confident, (care)free voice",
"text": "runāt drošā balsī",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bet visvairāk viņu pārsteidza Edītes mierīgā izturēšanās, viņas drošais, atklātais skatiens ― but above all he was surprised by Edīte's calm demeanor, her confident, open look",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brave, free, confident (showing, expressing bravery, freedom from constraints, worries)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-FPlhO-7B",
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"show",
"show#English"
],
[
"express",
"express#English"
],
[
"bravery",
"bravery#English"
],
[
"freedom",
"freedom#English"
],
[
"constraint",
"constraint#English"
],
[
"worries",
"worries#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the athlete was sure of his victory",
"text": "sportists bija drošs par savu uzvaru",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "if Edgars promised, (then) Aina can be sure (that) he is hurrying home",
"text": "ja Edgars ir solījis, Aina var būt droša, viņš steidzas mājup",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"confident, sure, certain"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-BqljspYg",
"links": [
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 5 30 30 4 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 5 23 22 7 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "safe haven",
"text": "drošs patvērums",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "safe shelter",
"text": "droša patvertne",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe (not at risk, not exposed to danger, which protects, offers protection)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-0fczlSF1",
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#English"
],
[
"expose",
"expose#English"
],
[
"danger",
"danger#English"
],
[
"protect",
"protect#English"
],
[
"offer",
"offer#English"
],
[
"protection",
"protection#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 9 5 30 30 4 9 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 14 5 23 22 7 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "safe state, condition",
"text": "drošs stāvoklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "my businesses are all well structured; profits are fully safe (= guaranteed)",
"text": "mani uzņēmumi visi ir labi nostādīti; peļņa pilnīgi droša!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe (not at risk, assured, guaranteed)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-oxV4r29a",
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#English"
],
[
"assure",
"assure#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in safe hands",
"text": "drošās rokās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to him, the safest guard and the best shelter is (his) mother's proximity",
"text": "viņam visdrošākais sargs un vislabākā pajumte ir mātes tuvums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, reliable (which can be trusted)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-sBYUZJcY",
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
],
[
"trust",
"trust#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 14 5 23 22 7 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 10 13 13 12 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reliable information, news",
"text": "drošās ziņas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "reliable data",
"text": "droši dati",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, reliable (which raises no doubts, unquestionable)"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-bgYhO4Di",
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
],
[
"raise",
"raise#English"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt#English"
],
[
"unquestionable",
"unquestionable#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "confident belief in victory",
"text": "droša pārliecība par uzvaru",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "but all hope, confident or not, came together in the same moment like soap bubbles",
"text": "bet visas cerības, drošas un nedrošas, sašķīda vienā pašā acumirklī kā ziepju burbuļi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, strong, confident"
],
"id": "en-drošs-lv-adj-C9~8TQBA",
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought#English"
],
[
"belief",
"belief#English"
],
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
]
],
"qualifier": "beliefs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of thoughts, beliefs) safe, strong, confident"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of thoughts"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dɾùoʃ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "41 38 7 0 1 4 4 5",
"sense": "of \"courageous\"",
"word": "drosmīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "dross"
}
],
"word": "drošs"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "bailīgs"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "bikls"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"of \"courageous\"\"",
"word": "kautrīgs"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latvian adjectives",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latvian words with falling intonation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "droši vien"
},
{
"word": "drošība"
},
{
"word": "drošināt"
},
{
"word": "drosme"
},
{
"word": "drosmīgs"
},
{
"word": "drošums"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*drans-"
},
"expansion": "*drans-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰers-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰers-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰres-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰres-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰros-",
"3": "",
"4": "to dare, to be brave, to attack"
},
"expansion": "*dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*der-",
"3": "",
"4": "to peel, to pluck, to slice"
},
"expansion": "*der- (“to peel, to pluck, to slice”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*druosus"
},
"expansion": "*druosus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drošs"
},
"expansion": "drošs",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dross"
},
"expansion": "dross",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drosme",
"3": "",
"4": "courage"
},
"expansion": "drosme (“courage”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "drosmīgs",
"3": "",
"4": "courageous"
},
"expansion": "drosmīgs (“courageous”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "drąsùs"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian drąsùs",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "dyrsos",
"3": "",
"4": "brave"
},
"expansion": "dyrsos (“brave”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "dirstlan",
"3": "",
"4": "energetic, impressive"
},
"expansion": "dirstlan (“energetic, impressive”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*dьrzъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dьrzъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дръзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic дръзъ (drŭzŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "дрьзъ"
},
"expansion": "дрьзъ (drĭzŭ)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "де́рзкий",
"3": "",
"4": "impertinent"
},
"expansion": "Russian де́рзкий (dérzkij, “impertinent”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "drzý"
},
"expansion": "Czech drzý",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dziarski",
"3": "",
"4": "dashing, youthful, quick, fast"
},
"expansion": "Polish dziarski (“dashing, youthful, quick, fast”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धृषु",
"3": "",
"4": "neat",
"tr": "dhṛṣú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit धृषु (dhṛṣú, “neat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "धृष्णु",
"3": "",
"4": "brave, strong",
"tr": "dhṛṣṇú"
},
"expansion": "धृष्णु (dhṛṣṇú, “brave, strong”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "θρασύς",
"3": "",
"4": "brave, reckless"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús, “brave, reckless”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰr̥s-"
},
"expansion": "*dʰr̥s-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "infestus",
"3": "",
"4": "unsafe, hostile"
},
"expansion": "Latin infestus (“unsafe, hostile”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Baltic *drans-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰers-, *dʰres-, *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”), related to *der- (“to peel, to pluck, to slice”). An original u-stem *druosus gave rise to parallel forms drošs and (dialectal) dross. From the dialectal form were derived drosme (“courage”), drosmīgs (“courageous”). Cognates include Lithuanian drąsùs, Old Prussian dyrsos (“brave”) (nom. fem. pl. or nom. masc. sg.), dirstlan (“energetic, impressive”), Proto-Slavic *dьrzъ (Old Church Slavonic дръзъ (drŭzŭ), дрьзъ (drĭzŭ), Russian де́рзкий (dérzkij, “impertinent”), Czech drzý, Polish dziarski (“dashing, youthful, quick, fast”)), Sanskrit धृषु (dhṛṣú, “neat”), धृष्णु (dhṛṣṇú, “brave, strong”), Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús, “brave, reckless”) (< *dʰr̥s-), Latin infestus (“unsafe, hostile”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drošais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "drošāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visdrošākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droši",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drošs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drošā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drošās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visdrošākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "droši",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "drošais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "drošāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "drošs (definite drošais, comparative drošāks, superlative visdrošākais, adverb droši)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "droš"
},
"expansion": "drošs (definite drošais, comparative drošāks, superlative visdrošākais, adverb droši)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droš",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Aija likes brave, masculine people (i.e., men)",
"text": "Aijai patīk droši, vīrišķīgi cilvēki",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the pigeons became so fearless that they sat on their fellows' shoulders",
"text": "baloži kļuva tik droši, ka savam kopējam sēdēja uz pleciem",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brave, fearless, confident (not afraid, behaving freely, unconstrained)"
],
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"fearless",
"fearless"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"afraid",
"afraid#English"
],
[
"behaving",
"behave#English"
],
[
"free",
"free#English"
],
[
"unconstrained",
"unconstrained#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "confident demeanor",
"text": "droša izturēšanās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "brave, confident mind, spirit",
"text": "drošs prāts",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "confident speech",
"text": "droša uzstāšanās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "confident answer",
"text": "droša atbilde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to speak in a confident, (care)free voice",
"text": "runāt drošā balsī",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bet visvairāk viņu pārsteidza Edītes mierīgā izturēšanās, viņas drošais, atklātais skatiens ― but above all he was surprised by Edīte's calm demeanor, her confident, open look",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brave, free, confident (showing, expressing bravery, freedom from constraints, worries)"
],
"links": [
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"free",
"free"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"show",
"show#English"
],
[
"express",
"express#English"
],
[
"bravery",
"bravery#English"
],
[
"freedom",
"freedom#English"
],
[
"constraint",
"constraint#English"
],
[
"worries",
"worries#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the athlete was sure of his victory",
"text": "sportists bija drošs par savu uzvaru",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "if Edgars promised, (then) Aina can be sure (that) he is hurrying home",
"text": "ja Edgars ir solījis, Aina var būt droša, viņš steidzas mājup",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"confident, sure, certain"
],
"links": [
[
"confident",
"confident"
],
[
"sure",
"sure"
],
[
"certain",
"certain"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "safe haven",
"text": "drošs patvērums",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "safe shelter",
"text": "droša patvertne",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe (not at risk, not exposed to danger, which protects, offers protection)"
],
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#English"
],
[
"expose",
"expose#English"
],
[
"danger",
"danger#English"
],
[
"protect",
"protect#English"
],
[
"offer",
"offer#English"
],
[
"protection",
"protection#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "safe state, condition",
"text": "drošs stāvoklis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "my businesses are all well structured; profits are fully safe (= guaranteed)",
"text": "mani uzņēmumi visi ir labi nostādīti; peļņa pilnīgi droša!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe (not at risk, assured, guaranteed)"
],
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"risk",
"risk#English"
],
[
"assure",
"assure#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in safe hands",
"text": "drošās rokās",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to him, the safest guard and the best shelter is (his) mother's proximity",
"text": "viņam visdrošākais sargs un vislabākā pajumte ir mātes tuvums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, reliable (which can be trusted)"
],
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
],
[
"trust",
"trust#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reliable information, news",
"text": "drošās ziņas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "reliable data",
"text": "droši dati",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, reliable (which raises no doubts, unquestionable)"
],
"links": [
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"reliable",
"reliable"
],
[
"raise",
"raise#English"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt#English"
],
[
"unquestionable",
"unquestionable#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "confident belief in victory",
"text": "droša pārliecība par uzvaru",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "but all hope, confident or not, came together in the same moment like soap bubbles",
"text": "bet visas cerības, drošas un nedrošas, sašķīda vienā pašā acumirklī kā ziepju burbuļi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"safe, strong, confident"
],
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought#English"
],
[
"belief",
"belief#English"
],
[
"safe",
"safe"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"confident",
"confident"
]
],
"qualifier": "beliefs",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of thoughts, beliefs) safe, strong, confident"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of thoughts"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dɾùoʃ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "of \"courageous\"",
"word": "drosmīgs"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "dross"
}
],
"word": "drošs"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.