See ciešs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “of clothes, ties”",
"word": "brīvs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ciets",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*key-",
"4": "",
"5": "to set in motion, to move"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*keityas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *keityas",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”), from which it was a variant yo-stem: Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”) with a variant -tyo-s of an (adjectivizing) suffix -to-s > Proto-Baltic *keityas > *kietyas > ciešs. It is also possible that the adverbial form cieti of ciets first gave rise to a variant *cieši via palatalization, from which came the adjective ciešs. In some dialects, ciešs still means the same as ciets, but in the standard literary language they are semantically distinct.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciešais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visciešākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "cieši",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cieši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cieša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cieša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visciešākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "cieši",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "ciešais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "ciešāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cieš"
},
"expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cieš",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 10 10 13 3 6 3 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight fabric, cloth",
"text": "ciešs audums",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight, dense inflorescence",
"text": "cieša ziedkopa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight stacking, winding",
"text": "ciešs krāvums, tinums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dense, tight (with component parts that are linked or very close to each other)"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-~3S5iP~u",
"links": [
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"component",
"component#English"
],
[
"part",
"part#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"each other",
"each other#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "40 30 3 3 1 2 0 0 1 21",
"sense": "of \"with parts very close to each other\"",
"word": "blīvs"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 10 10 13 3 6 3 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to stand in a tight, close circle",
"text": "sastāties ciešā lokā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight, close column",
"text": "cieša kolonna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close (with people standing close to each other)"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-fzSR04WL",
"links": [
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"each other",
"each other#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "as (lit. in) a close family we will win the fight",
"text": "ciešā saimē izcīnīsim cīņu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"close, united"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-rH640R0r",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"united",
"united"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) close, united"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight bond, knot",
"text": "ciešs līmējums, mezgls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight collar",
"text": "cieša apkaklīte",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-x1iq01eR",
"links": [
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"tie",
"tie"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"strong",
"strong#English"
],
[
"bound",
"bind#English"
],
[
"tie",
"tie#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "ties",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of clothes, ties, etc.) tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of clothes"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 10 10 13 3 6 3 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight handshake",
"text": "ciešs rokas spiediens",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to clech one's teeth tight",
"text": "cieši sakost zobus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, strong, determined"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-ZORfB2Dv",
"links": [
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of movements) tight, strong, determined"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of movements"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "close cooperation",
"text": "cieša sadarbība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "close ties with the team",
"text": "ciešas saites ar kolektīvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to maintain close contact, relations with friendly countries",
"text": "uzturēt ciešus sakarus ar draudzīgām zemēm",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close, strong"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-YXr6wRXW",
"links": [
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of relations) tight, close, strong"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of relations"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "strong belief, faith, agreement",
"text": "cieša parliecība, ticība, noruna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "solemn promise",
"text": "ciešs solījums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-utr28bFv",
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
],
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"unalterable",
"unalterable"
]
],
"qualifier": "ideas; promises; ideas; promises",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of thoughts, ideas, promises) tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of thoughts"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he had heard nothing during the night, (he) slept a tight sleep",
"text": "viņš gan naktī neesot nekā dzirdējis, gulējis ciešu miegu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, deep"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-GjPbqEI-",
"links": [
[
"sleep",
"sleep"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of sleep) tight, deep"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of sleep"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Frickalns' gray eyes had a tight, concentrated look, as if he were studying what his conversation partner did not say",
"text": "Frickalna pelēkajām acīm arvien bija ciešs skatiens, it kā viņš pētītu to, ko sarunu biedrs nepasaka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-uc0ATrEH",
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"attentive",
"attentive"
],
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of looks) tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of looks"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 16 5 5 5 1 8 1 16 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 14 2 3 5 2 21 2 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 2 3 5 2 9 2 16 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 10 10 13 3 6 3 10 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 8 7 6 0 6 0 12 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 3 5 0 2 0 9 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to come very close",
"text": "pienākt cieši klāt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sit close together",
"text": "sēdēt cieši kopā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
],
"id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-1DsebiUy",
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"ciets",
"ciets#Latvian"
]
],
"qualifier": "adverbial form; objects; adverbial form; objects",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adverbial form; of people, objects) tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "7 9 9 8 9 12 9 0 14 22",
"sense": "of \"sleep\", \"close by\", \"strong (movement)\", \"concentrated (look)\"",
"word": "ciets"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsiɛ̂ʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ciešs.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg"
}
],
"word": "ciešs"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “of clothes, ties”",
"word": "brīvs"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latvian adjectives",
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with broken intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ciets",
"3": "",
"4": "hard, solid"
},
"expansion": "Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*key-",
"4": "",
"5": "to set in motion, to move"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bat-pro",
"3": "*keityas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic *keityas",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the same stem as Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”), from which it was a variant yo-stem: Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”) with a variant -tyo-s of an (adjectivizing) suffix -to-s > Proto-Baltic *keityas > *kietyas > ciešs. It is also possible that the adverbial form cieti of ciets first gave rise to a variant *cieši via palatalization, from which came the adjective ciešs. In some dialects, ciešs still means the same as ciets, but in the standard literary language they are semantically distinct.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciešais",
"tags": [
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešāks",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "visciešākais",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "cieši",
"tags": [
"adverb"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cieši",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cieša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cieša",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ciešās",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"10": "visciešākais",
"11": "adverb",
"12": "cieši",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "definite",
"6": "ciešais",
"7": "comparative",
"8": "ciešāks",
"9": "superlative",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": ""
},
"expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cieš"
},
"expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
"name": "lv-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cieš",
"extrawidth": "-100"
},
"name": "lv-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight fabric, cloth",
"text": "ciešs audums",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight, dense inflorescence",
"text": "cieša ziedkopa",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight stacking, winding",
"text": "ciešs krāvums, tinums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dense, tight (with component parts that are linked or very close to each other)"
],
"links": [
[
"dense",
"dense"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"component",
"component#English"
],
[
"part",
"part#English"
],
[
"link",
"link#English"
],
[
"very",
"very#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"each other",
"each other#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to stand in a tight, close circle",
"text": "sastāties ciešā lokā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight, close column",
"text": "cieša kolonna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close (with people standing close to each other)"
],
"links": [
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#English"
],
[
"close",
"close#English"
],
[
"each other",
"each other#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "as (lit. in) a close family we will win the fight",
"text": "ciešā saimē izcīnīsim cīņu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"close, united"
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"united",
"united"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) close, united"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight bond, knot",
"text": "ciešs līmējums, mezgls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "tight collar",
"text": "cieša apkaklīte",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
],
"links": [
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"tie",
"tie"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"strong",
"strong#English"
],
[
"bound",
"bind#English"
],
[
"tie",
"tie#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "ties",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of clothes, ties, etc.) tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of clothes"
],
"tags": [
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tight handshake",
"text": "ciešs rokas spiediens",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to clech one's teeth tight",
"text": "cieši sakost zobus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, strong, determined"
],
"links": [
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"determined",
"determined"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of movements) tight, strong, determined"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of movements"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "close cooperation",
"text": "cieša sadarbība",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "close ties with the team",
"text": "ciešas saites ar kolektīvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to maintain close contact, relations with friendly countries",
"text": "uzturēt ciešus sakarus ar draudzīgām zemēm",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, close, strong"
],
"links": [
[
"relation",
"relation"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of relations) tight, close, strong"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of relations"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "strong belief, faith, agreement",
"text": "cieša parliecība, ticība, noruna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "solemn promise",
"text": "ciešs solījums",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
],
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
],
[
"idea",
"idea"
],
[
"promise",
"promise"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"rigid",
"rigid"
],
[
"unalterable",
"unalterable"
]
],
"qualifier": "ideas; promises; ideas; promises",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of thoughts, ideas, promises) tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of thoughts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "he had heard nothing during the night, (he) slept a tight sleep",
"text": "viņš gan naktī neesot nekā dzirdējis, gulējis ciešu miegu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, deep"
],
"links": [
[
"sleep",
"sleep"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"deep",
"deep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of sleep) tight, deep"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of sleep"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Frickalns' gray eyes had a tight, concentrated look, as if he were studying what his conversation partner did not say",
"text": "Frickalna pelēkajām acīm arvien bija ciešs skatiens, it kā viņš pētītu to, ko sarunu biedrs nepasaka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
],
"links": [
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"attentive",
"attentive"
],
[
"concentrate",
"concentrate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of looks) tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of looks"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to come very close",
"text": "pienākt cieši klāt",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to sit close together",
"text": "sēdēt cieši kopā",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
],
"links": [
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"object",
"object"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
],
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"ciets",
"ciets#Latvian"
]
],
"qualifier": "adverbial form; objects; adverbial form; objects",
"raw_glosses": [
"(adverbial form; of people, objects) tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tsiɛ̂ʃ]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-ciešs.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "of \"with parts very close to each other\"",
"word": "blīvs"
},
{
"sense": "of \"sleep\", \"close by\", \"strong (movement)\", \"concentrated (look)\"",
"word": "ciets"
}
],
"word": "ciešs"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciešs meaning in Latvian (11.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.