"ciešs" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of clothes, ties\"",
      "word": "brīvs"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, solid"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*key-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to set in motion, to move"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*keityas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *keityas",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*kietyas"
      },
      "expansion": "*kietyas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cieti"
      },
      "expansion": "cieti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets"
      },
      "expansion": "ciets",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*cieši"
      },
      "expansion": "*cieši",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets"
      },
      "expansion": "ciets",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the same stem as Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”), from which it was a variant yo-stem: Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”) with a variant -tyo-s of an (adjectivizing) suffix -to-s > Proto-Baltic *keityas > *kietyas > ciešs. It is also possible that the adverbial form cieti of ciets first gave rise to a variant *cieši via palatalization, from which came the adjective ciešs. In some dialects, ciešs still means the same as ciets, but in the standard literary language they are semantically distinct.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciešais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visciešākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieši",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieši",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieša",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieša",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visciešākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "cieši",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "ciešais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "ciešāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cieš"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cieš",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 3 3 3 1 5 1 2 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 1 1 2 1 9 1 1 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 30 1 2 3 1 6 1 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 9 9 11 3 6 3 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight fabric, cloth",
          "text": "ciešs audums",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight, dense inflorescence",
          "text": "cieša ziedkopa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight stacking, winding",
          "text": "ciešs krāvums, tinums",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dense, tight (with component parts that are linked or very close to each other)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-~3S5iP~u",
      "links": [
        [
          "dense",
          "dense"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "component",
          "component#English"
        ],
        [
          "part",
          "part#English"
        ],
        [
          "link",
          "link#English"
        ],
        [
          "very",
          "very#English"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close#English"
        ],
        [
          "each other",
          "each other#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 3 3 3 1 5 1 2 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 1 1 2 1 9 1 1 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 30 1 2 3 1 6 1 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 9 9 11 3 6 3 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to stand in a tight, close circle",
          "text": "sastāties ciešā lokā",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight, close column",
          "text": "cieša kolonna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close (with people standing close to each other)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-fzSR04WL",
      "links": [
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people#English"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand#English"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close#English"
        ],
        [
          "each other",
          "each other#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "as (lit. in) a close family we will win the fight",
          "text": "ciešā saimē izcīnīsim cīņu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "close, united"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-rH640R0r",
      "links": [
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "united",
          "united"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) close, united"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight bond, knot",
          "text": "ciešs līmējums, mezgls",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight collar",
          "text": "cieša apkaklīte",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-x1iq01eR",
      "links": [
        [
          "clothes",
          "clothes"
        ],
        [
          "tie",
          "tie"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong#English"
        ],
        [
          "bound",
          "bind#English"
        ],
        [
          "tie",
          "tie#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ties",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of clothes, ties, etc.) tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of clothes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 9 9 11 3 6 3 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight handshake",
          "text": "ciešs rokas spiediens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to clech one's teeth tight",
          "text": "cieši sakost zobus",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, strong, determined"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-ZORfB2Dv",
      "links": [
        [
          "movement",
          "movement"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "determined",
          "determined"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of movements) tight, strong, determined"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of movements"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "close cooperation",
          "text": "cieša sadarbība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "close ties with the team",
          "text": "ciešas saites ar kolektīvu",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to maintain close contact, relations with friendly countries",
          "text": "uzturēt ciešus sakarus ar draudzīgām zemēm",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close, strong"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-YXr6wRXW",
      "links": [
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of relations) tight, close, strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of relations"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "strong belief, faith, agreement",
          "text": "cieša parliecība, ticība, noruna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "solemn promise",
          "text": "ciešs solījums",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-utr28bFv",
      "links": [
        [
          "thought",
          "thought"
        ],
        [
          "idea",
          "idea"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ],
        [
          "unalterable",
          "unalterable"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ideas; promises; ideas; promises",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of thoughts, ideas, promises) tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of thoughts"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he had heard nothing during the night, (he) slept a tight sleep",
          "text": "viņš gan naktī neesot nekā dzirdējis, gulējis ciešu miegu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, deep"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-GjPbqEI-",
      "links": [
        [
          "sleep",
          "sleep"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "deep",
          "deep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of sleep) tight, deep"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of sleep"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Frickalns' gray eyes had a tight, concentrated look, as if he were studying what his conversation partner did not say",
          "text": "Frickalna pelēkajām acīm arvien bija ciešs skatiens, it kā viņš pētītu to, ko sarunu biedrs nepasaka",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-uc0ATrEH",
      "links": [
        [
          "look",
          "look"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "attentive",
          "attentive"
        ],
        [
          "concentrate",
          "concentrate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of looks) tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of looks"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 3 3 3 1 5 1 2 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 34 1 1 2 1 9 1 1 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 30 1 2 3 1 6 1 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 20 9 9 11 3 6 3 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to come very close",
          "text": "pienākt cieši klāt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to sit close together",
          "text": "sēdēt cieši kopā",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciešs-lv-adj-1DsebiUy",
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "near",
          "near"
        ],
        [
          "ciets",
          "ciets#Latvian"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "adverbial form; objects; adverbial form; objects",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(adverbial form; of people, objects) tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of people"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 9 9 8 9 12 9 0 12 22",
          "sense": "of \"sleep\", \"close by\", \"strong (movement)\", \"concentrated (look)\"",
          "word": "ciets"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tsiɛ̂ʃ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-ciešs.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "42 35 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 16",
      "sense": "of \"with parts very close to each other\"",
      "word": "blīvs"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciešs"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"of clothes, ties\"",
      "word": "brīvs"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Latvian adjectives",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian words with broken intonation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets",
        "3": "",
        "4": "hard, solid"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*key-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to set in motion, to move"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*keityas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *keityas",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*kietyas"
      },
      "expansion": "*kietyas",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cieti"
      },
      "expansion": "cieti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets"
      },
      "expansion": "ciets",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*cieši"
      },
      "expansion": "*cieši",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciešs"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ciets"
      },
      "expansion": "ciets",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From the same stem as Latvian ciets (“hard, solid”), from which it was a variant yo-stem: Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to set in motion, to move”) with a variant -tyo-s of an (adjectivizing) suffix -to-s > Proto-Baltic *keityas > *kietyas > ciešs. It is also possible that the adverbial form cieti of ciets first gave rise to a variant *cieši via palatalization, from which came the adjective ciešs. In some dialects, ciešs still means the same as ciets, but in the standard literary language they are semantically distinct.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ciešais",
      "tags": [
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešāks",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "visciešākais",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieši",
      "tags": [
        "adverb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieši",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieša",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cieša",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešiem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciešās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "visciešākais",
        "11": "adverb",
        "12": "cieši",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "definite",
        "6": "ciešais",
        "7": "comparative",
        "8": "ciešāks",
        "9": "superlative",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cieš"
      },
      "expansion": "ciešs (definite ciešais, comparative ciešāks, superlative visciešākais, adverb cieši)",
      "name": "lv-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cieš",
        "extrawidth": "-100"
      },
      "name": "lv-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight fabric, cloth",
          "text": "ciešs audums",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight, dense inflorescence",
          "text": "cieša ziedkopa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight stacking, winding",
          "text": "ciešs krāvums, tinums",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dense, tight (with component parts that are linked or very close to each other)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dense",
          "dense"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "component",
          "component#English"
        ],
        [
          "part",
          "part#English"
        ],
        [
          "link",
          "link#English"
        ],
        [
          "very",
          "very#English"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close#English"
        ],
        [
          "each other",
          "each other#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to stand in a tight, close circle",
          "text": "sastāties ciešā lokā",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight, close column",
          "text": "cieša kolonna",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close (with people standing close to each other)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "people",
          "people#English"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand#English"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close#English"
        ],
        [
          "each other",
          "each other#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "as (lit. in) a close family we will win the fight",
          "text": "ciešā saimē izcīnīsim cīņu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "close, united"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "united",
          "united"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) close, united"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight bond, knot",
          "text": "ciešs līmējums, mezgls",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "tight collar",
          "text": "cieša apkaklīte",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clothes",
          "clothes"
        ],
        [
          "tie",
          "tie"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong#English"
        ],
        [
          "bound",
          "bind#English"
        ],
        [
          "tie",
          "tie#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ties",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of clothes, ties, etc.) tight, close (strongly bound, tied)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of clothes"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "tight handshake",
          "text": "ciešs rokas spiediens",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to clech one's teeth tight",
          "text": "cieši sakost zobus",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, strong, determined"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "movement",
          "movement"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "determined",
          "determined"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of movements) tight, strong, determined"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of movements"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "close cooperation",
          "text": "cieša sadarbība",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "close ties with the team",
          "text": "ciešas saites ar kolektīvu",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to maintain close contact, relations with friendly countries",
          "text": "uzturēt ciešus sakarus ar draudzīgām zemēm",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, close, strong"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "relation",
          "relation"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of relations) tight, close, strong"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of relations"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "strong belief, faith, agreement",
          "text": "cieša parliecība, ticība, noruna",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "solemn promise",
          "text": "ciešs solījums",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thought",
          "thought"
        ],
        [
          "idea",
          "idea"
        ],
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "strong",
          "strong"
        ],
        [
          "rigid",
          "rigid"
        ],
        [
          "unalterable",
          "unalterable"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "ideas; promises; ideas; promises",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of thoughts, ideas, promises) tight, strong, rigid, unalterable"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of thoughts"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he had heard nothing during the night, (he) slept a tight sleep",
          "text": "viņš gan naktī neesot nekā dzirdējis, gulējis ciešu miegu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, deep"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sleep",
          "sleep"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "deep",
          "deep"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of sleep) tight, deep"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of sleep"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Frickalns' gray eyes had a tight, concentrated look, as if he were studying what his conversation partner did not say",
          "text": "Frickalna pelēkajām acīm arvien bija ciešs skatiens, it kā viņš pētītu to, ko sarunu biedrs nepasaka",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "look",
          "look"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "attentive",
          "attentive"
        ],
        [
          "concentrate",
          "concentrate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of looks) tight, hard, attentive, concentrated"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of looks"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to come very close",
          "text": "pienākt cieši klāt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to sit close together",
          "text": "sēdēt cieši kopā",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "people",
          "people"
        ],
        [
          "object",
          "object"
        ],
        [
          "tight",
          "tight"
        ],
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "near",
          "near"
        ],
        [
          "ciets",
          "ciets#Latvian"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "adverbial form; objects; adverbial form; objects",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(adverbial form; of people, objects) tightly close, very near (syn. ciets)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of people"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tsiɛ̂ʃ]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-ciešs.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Lv-riga-cie%C5%A1s.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "of \"with parts very close to each other\"",
      "word": "blīvs"
    },
    {
      "sense": "of \"sleep\", \"close by\", \"strong (movement)\", \"concentrated (look)\"",
      "word": "ciets"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciešs"
}