See vallum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vallo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: vallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: vallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "vall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: vall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: vall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "valo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: valo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: valo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "valo",
"3": "vala"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: valo, vala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: valo, vala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "valla"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: valla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: valla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vaḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vaḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vaḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "avulli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: avulli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: avulli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vallum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vallum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vallum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "val",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: val",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: val"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wał",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: wał",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: wał"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "val",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: val",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: val"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wall",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *wall",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *wall (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*walso"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *walso",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*uh₂lso-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uh₂lso-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἧλος",
"t": "nail"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἧλος (hêlos, “nail”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Italic *walso, from Proto-Indo-European *uh₂lso-, itself perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Compare Ancient Greek ἧλος (hêlos, “nail”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vallī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vallum<2>"
},
"expansion": "vallum n (genitive vallī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vallum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "circumvāllō"
},
{
"word": "intervallum"
},
{
"word": "vallaris"
},
{
"word": "vallō"
},
{
"word": "vallus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart, entrenchment"
],
"id": "en-vallum-la-noun-J0eCZdOq",
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"entrenchment",
"entrenchment"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯al.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯älːʲʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈval.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvälːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vallum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "non-lemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "vallum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "stake",
"word": "vallus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of vallus (“stake”)"
],
"id": "en-vallum-la-noun-yO5SOqyR",
"links": [
[
"vallus",
"vallus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "vallum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "circumvāllō"
},
{
"word": "intervallum"
},
{
"word": "vallaris"
},
{
"word": "vallō"
},
{
"word": "vallus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "vallo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: vallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: vallo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "vall"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: vall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: vall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "valo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: valo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: valo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "valo",
"3": "vala"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: valo, vala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: valo, vala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "valla"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: valla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: valla"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "vaḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: vaḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: vaḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "avulli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: avulli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: avulli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vallum",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: vallum (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: vallum (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "val",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: val",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: val"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "wał",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: wał",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: wał"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "val",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: val",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: val"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wall",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *wall",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *wall (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*walso"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *walso",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*uh₂lso-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *uh₂lso-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welH-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn, wind, roll"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἧλος",
"t": "nail"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἧλος (hêlos, “nail”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Italic *walso, from Proto-Indo-European *uh₂lso-, itself perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn, wind, roll”). Compare Ancient Greek ἧλος (hêlos, “nail”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vallī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vallīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vallum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "valla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vallum<2>"
},
"expansion": "vallum n (genitive vallī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vallum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wall, rampart, entrenchment"
],
"links": [
[
"wall",
"wall"
],
[
"rampart",
"rampart"
],
[
"entrenchment",
"entrenchment"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯al.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯älːʲʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈval.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvälːum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "vallum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "non-lemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "vallum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "stake",
"word": "vallus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of vallus (“stake”)"
],
"links": [
[
"vallus",
"vallus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "vallum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vallum meaning in Latin (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.