"sonus" meaning in Latin

See sonus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: [ˈsɔ.nʊs] [Classical-Latin], [ˈsɔː.nus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *swonos, from Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os, from the root *swenh₂- (“to sound”). The lack of the sound change *mo- > *ma- in open syllabels is potentially because the syllable was closed before the word-medial laryngeal. De Vaan alternatively reconstructs earlier *swenos, though he does consider it possible that the term was deverbal form sonō, sonāre. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *swanaz. Etymology templates: {{etymon|la|:inh|ine-pro:*swónh₂os<ety:from<*swenh₂->>}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "sonus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }" data-lang="la" data-title="sonus">, {{inh|la|itc-pro||*swonos}} Proto-Italic *swonos, {{inh|la|ine-pro|*swónh₂os}} Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os, {{glossary|deverbal}} deverbal, {{cog|gem-pro|*swanaz}} Proto-Germanic *swanaz Head templates: {{la-noun|((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))}} sonus m (genitive sonī or sonūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))}} Forms: sonus [canonical, masculine], variously declined [canonical], sonī [genitive], sonūs [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], sonus [nominative, singular], sonī [nominative, plural], sonūs [nominative, plural], sonī [genitive, singular], sonūs [genitive, singular], sonōrum [genitive, plural], sonuum [genitive, plural], sonō [dative, singular], sonuī [dative, singular], sonīs [dative, plural], sonibus [dative, plural], sonum [accusative, singular], sonōs [accusative, plural], sonūs [accusative, plural], sonō [ablative, singular], sonū [ablative, singular], sonīs [ablative, plural], sonibus [ablative, plural], sone [singular, vocative], sonus [singular, vocative], sonī [plural, vocative], sonūs [plural, vocative]
  1. sound, noise; pitch; speech Tags: declension-2, declension-4
    Sense id: en-sonus-la-noun-YivAakGE Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension, Latin nouns with multiple declensions, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon, Sound Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin nouns with multiple declensions: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 31 33 36 Disambiguation of Sound: 100 0 0
  2. (figuratively) tone, character, style Tags: declension-2, declension-4, figuratively
    Sense id: en-sonus-la-noun-L8Z52aCF Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension, Latin nouns with multiple declensions, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin nouns with multiple declensions: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 31 33 36
  3. (figuratively) voice, tongue Tags: declension-2, declension-4, figuratively
    Sense id: en-sonus-la-noun-5TUQwwib Categories (other): Latin entries with etymon, Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension, Latin masculine nouns in the second declension, Latin nouns with multiple declensions, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Latin entries with etymon: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin masculine nouns in the second declension: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Latin nouns with multiple declensions: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 33 33 33 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 31 33 36
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: sonipēs, sonīvius
Related terms: circumsonus, sonābilis, sonāns, sonāx, sonitō, sonitus, sonō, sonor, sonōrē, sonōritās, sonōrus

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonipēs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonīvius"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "so"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Corsican",
      "lang_code": "co",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italiot Greek",
          "lang_code": "grk-ita",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "sóno",
          "word": "σόνο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "suono"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italiot Greek",
          "lang_code": "grk-ita",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "sóno",
          "word": "σόνο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "sono"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "sound"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sowne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "sound"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sownde"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "som"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romansh",
      "lang_code": "rm",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "lang_code": "sc",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "sueno"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "sōn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old Irish",
      "lang_code": "sga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Breton",
          "lang_code": "br",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Breton",
          "lang_code": "br",
          "word": "soun"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cornish",
              "lang_code": "kw",
              "word": "son"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Cornish",
          "lang_code": "cnx",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Welsh",
              "lang_code": "cy",
              "word": "sôn"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Welsh",
          "lang_code": "wlm",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Welsh",
              "lang_code": "cy",
              "word": "sôn"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Welsh",
          "lang_code": "wlm",
          "word": "sson"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
      "lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "*son"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:*swónh₂os<ety:from<*swenh₂->>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sonus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"sonus\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swonos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swonos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swónh₂os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "deverbal"
      },
      "expansion": "deverbal",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*swanaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swanaz",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *swonos, from Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os, from the root *swenh₂- (“to sound”). The lack of the sound change *mo- > *ma- in open syllabels is potentially because the syllable was closed before the word-medial laryngeal. De Vaan alternatively reconstructs earlier *swenos, though he does consider it possible that the term was deverbal form sonō, sonāre. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *swanaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "variously declined",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonōrum",
          "sonorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonuum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonō",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonō",
          "sono#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonuī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonuī",
          "sonui#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonīs",
          "sonis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonōs",
          "sonos#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonō",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonō",
          "sono#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonū",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonū",
          "sonu#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonīs",
          "sonis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sone",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))"
      },
      "expansion": "sonus m (genitive sonī or sonūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "circumsonus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonābilis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonāns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonāx"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonitō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonitus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonōrē"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonōritās"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "sonōrus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Sound",
          "orig": "la:Sound",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sound, noise; pitch; speech"
      ],
      "id": "en-sonus-la-noun-YivAakGE",
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "noise",
          "noise"
        ],
        [
          "pitch",
          "pitch"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "tone, character, style"
      ],
      "id": "en-sonus-la-noun-L8Z52aCF",
      "links": [
        [
          "tone",
          "tone"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "style",
          "style"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) tone, character, style"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 33 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Now [grant] to me a thousand voices\nNow I could wish for a thousand tongues",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 2.119",
          "text": "Nunc mihi mīlle sonōs",
          "translation": "Now [grant] to me a thousand voices\nNow I could wish for a thousand tongues",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "voice, tongue"
      ],
      "id": "en-sonus-la-noun-5TUQwwib",
      "links": [
        [
          "voice",
          "voice"
        ],
        [
          "tongue",
          "tongue"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) voice, tongue"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɔ.nʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɔː.nus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "sonus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with etymon",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin fourth declension nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swenh₂-",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "la:Sound"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "sonipēs"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonīvius"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Aromanian",
      "lang_code": "rup",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "word": "so"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Corsican",
      "lang_code": "co",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italiot Greek",
          "lang_code": "grk-ita",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "sóno",
          "word": "σόνο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "suono"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Italiot Greek",
          "lang_code": "grk-ita",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "roman": "sóno",
          "word": "σόνο"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "word": "sono"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "lang_code": "oc",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "sound"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sowne"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "sound"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "sownde"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "word": "som"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Romansh",
      "lang_code": "rm",
      "word": "sun"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "lang_code": "sc",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "lang_code": "scn",
      "word": "sonu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "word": "sueno"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old English",
      "lang_code": "ang",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "sōn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Old Irish",
      "lang_code": "sga",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "son"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Breton",
          "lang_code": "br",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Breton",
          "lang_code": "br",
          "word": "soun"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cornish",
              "lang_code": "kw",
              "word": "son"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Cornish",
          "lang_code": "cnx",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Welsh",
              "lang_code": "cy",
              "word": "sôn"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Welsh",
          "lang_code": "wlm",
          "word": "son"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Welsh",
              "lang_code": "cy",
              "word": "sôn"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Welsh",
          "lang_code": "wlm",
          "word": "sson"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
      "lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "*son"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:*swónh₂os<ety:from<*swenh₂->>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sonus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"sonus\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*swonos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *swonos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*swónh₂os"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "deverbal"
      },
      "expansion": "deverbal",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*swanaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swanaz",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *swonos, from Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os, from the root *swenh₂- (“to sound”). The lack of the sound change *mo- > *ma- in open syllabels is potentially because the syllable was closed before the word-medial laryngeal. De Vaan alternatively reconstructs earlier *swenos, though he does consider it possible that the term was deverbal form sonō, sonāre. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *swanaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "variously declined",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonōrum",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonōrum",
          "sonorum#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonuum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonō",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonō",
          "sono#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonuī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonuī",
          "sonui#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonīs",
          "sonis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonōs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonōs",
          "sonos#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonō",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonō",
          "sono#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonū",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonū",
          "sonu#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonīs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonīs",
          "sonis#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sone",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonī",
          "soni#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sonūs",
      "links": [
        [
          "sonūs",
          "sonus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))"
      },
      "expansion": "sonus m (genitive sonī or sonūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "((sonus<2>,sonus<4>))"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "circumsonus"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonābilis"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonāns"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonāx"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonitō"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonitus"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonō"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonor"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonōrē"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonōritās"
    },
    {
      "word": "sonōrus"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sound, noise; pitch; speech"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ],
        [
          "noise",
          "noise"
        ],
        [
          "pitch",
          "pitch"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tone, character, style"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tone",
          "tone"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ],
        [
          "style",
          "style"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) tone, character, style"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Now [grant] to me a thousand voices\nNow I could wish for a thousand tongues",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 2.119",
          "text": "Nunc mihi mīlle sonōs",
          "translation": "Now [grant] to me a thousand voices\nNow I could wish for a thousand tongues",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "voice, tongue"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "voice",
          "voice"
        ],
        [
          "tongue",
          "tongue"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) voice, tongue"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2",
        "declension-4",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɔ.nʊs]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈsɔː.nus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "sonus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sonus meaning in Latin (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (e62056b and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.