"pulsus" meaning in Latin

See pulsus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpul.sus/ [Classical], [ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈpul.sus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpulsus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: pellō + -sus (action noun) Etymology templates: {{af|la|pellō|-tus|alt2=-sus|id2=action noun|pos2=action noun}} pellō + -sus (action noun) Head templates: {{la-noun|pulsus<4>}} pulsus m (genitive pulsūs); fourth declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|pulsus<4>}} Forms: pulsūs [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], pulsus [nominative, singular], pulsūs [nominative, plural], pulsūs [genitive, singular], pulsuum [genitive, plural], pulsuī [dative, singular], pulsibus [dative, plural], pulsum [accusative, singular], pulsūs [accusative, plural], pulsū [ablative, singular], pulsibus [ablative, plural], pulsus [singular, vocative], pulsūs [plural, vocative]
  1. pulse, impulse, beat, stroke Tags: declension-4, masculine Synonyms: vulnus, colaphus, ictus, plāga
    Sense id: en-pulsus-la-noun-jmmkkXY2 Categories (other): Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension, Latin terms suffixed with -tus (action noun)
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /ˈpul.sus/ [Classical], [ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠] [Classical], /ˈpul.sus/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpulsus] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: Perfect passive participle of pellō (“push, expel”). Etymology templates: {{m|la|pellō||push, expel}} pellō (“push, expel”) Head templates: {{la-part|pulsus}} pulsus (feminine pulsa, neuter pulsum); first/second-declension participle Inflection templates: {{la-adecl|pulsus}} Forms: pulsa [feminine], pulsum [neuter], no-table-tags [table-tags], pulsus [masculine, nominative, singular], pulsa [feminine, nominative, singular], pulsum [neuter, nominative, singular], pulsī [masculine, nominative, plural], pulsae [feminine, nominative, plural], pulsa [neuter, nominative, plural], pulsī [genitive, masculine, singular], pulsae [feminine, genitive, singular], pulsī [genitive, neuter, singular], pulsōrum [genitive, masculine, plural], pulsārum [feminine, genitive, plural], pulsōrum [genitive, neuter, plural], pulsō [dative, masculine, singular], pulsae [dative, feminine, singular], pulsō [dative, neuter, singular], pulsīs [dative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], pulsum [accusative, masculine, singular], pulsam [accusative, feminine, singular], pulsum [accusative, neuter, singular], pulsōs [accusative, masculine, plural], pulsās [accusative, feminine, plural], pulsa [accusative, neuter, plural], pulsō [ablative, masculine, singular], pulsā [ablative, feminine, singular], pulsō [ablative, neuter, singular], pulsīs [ablative, feminine, masculine, neuter, plural], pulse [masculine, singular, vocative], pulsa [feminine, singular, vocative], pulsum [neuter, singular, vocative], pulsī [masculine, plural, vocative], pulsae [feminine, plural, vocative], pulsa [neuter, plural, vocative]
  1. expelled, kicked out, having been kicked out. Tags: declension-1, declension-2, form-of, participle, passive, perfect Form of: pellō (extra: push, expel)
    Sense id: en-pulsus-la-verb-HzUkLHyG Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 24 53 22
  2. pushed, shoved, having been pushed. Tags: declension-1, declension-2, form-of, participle, passive, perfect Form of: pellō (extra: push, expel)
    Sense id: en-pulsus-la-verb-H~sCqy6-
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for pulsus meaning in Latin (13.7kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polso"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: polso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: polso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "pusu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: pusu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: pusu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "poulz"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: poulz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: poulz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pouls"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pouls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pouls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pulse",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: pulse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: pulse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Astur-Leonese"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "poxa",
            "3": "ponxa",
            "4": "poixa",
            "5": "poisa",
            "6": "puisa"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: poxa, ponxa, poixa, poisa, puisa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: poxa, ponxa, poixa, poisa, puisa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-leo",
            "2": "poisa",
            "3": "pueisa",
            "4": "puisa",
            "5": "puixa",
            "6": "poxa"
          },
          "expansion": "Leonese: poisa, pueisa, puisa, puixa, poxa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Leonese: poisa, pueisa, puisa, puixa, poxa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "poisa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: poisa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: poisa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "polso"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: polso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: polso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "pulsu",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Asturian: pulsu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Asturian: pulsu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "pulz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Czech: pulz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Czech: pulz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "pulssi",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: pulssi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: pulssi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: pulso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "პულსი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: პულსი (ṗulsi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: პულსი (ṗulsi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "pulzus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: pulzus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: pulzus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "púls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Icelandic: púls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Icelandic: púls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "пулс",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Macedonian: пулс (puls)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Macedonian: пулс (puls)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "pols",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Dutch: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: pols\nAfrikaans: pols\nNegerhollands: poels\n→ Papiamentu: pòls, pols",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: pols\nAfrikaans: pols\nNegerhollands: poels\n→ Papiamentu: pòls, pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "late"
          },
          "expansion": "(late)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: puls (late)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Puls"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Bokmål"
          },
          "expansion": "(Bokmål)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls (Bokmål)",
          "name": "l-nb"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Nynorsk"
          },
          "expansion": "(Nynorsk)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls (Nynorsk)",
          "name": "l-nn"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian: puls (Bokmål), puls (Nynorsk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: pulso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "пульс",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: пульс (pulʹs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: пульс (pulʹs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "пулс"
          },
          "expansion": "пулс",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: puls / пулс"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "pulz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Slovak: pulz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Slovak: pulz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: pulso\n→ Chavacano: pulso\n→ Tagalog: pulso",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: pulso\n→ Chavacano: pulso\n→ Tagalog: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: puls"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pellō",
        "3": "-tus",
        "alt2": "-sus",
        "id2": "action noun",
        "pos2": "action noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pellō + -sus (action noun)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "pellō + -sus (action noun)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsuum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsuī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus<4>"
      },
      "expansion": "pulsus m (genitive pulsūs); fourth declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus<4>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -tus (action noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pulse, impulse, beat, stroke"
      ],
      "id": "en-pulsus-la-noun-jmmkkXY2",
      "links": [
        [
          "pulse",
          "pulse"
        ],
        [
          "impulse",
          "impulse"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "stroke",
          "stroke"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vulnus"
        },
        {
          "word": "colaphus"
        },
        {
          "word": "ictus"
        },
        {
          "word": "plāga"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulsus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulsus"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pellō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "push, expel"
      },
      "expansion": "pellō (“push, expel”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perfect passive participle of pellō (“push, expel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus"
      },
      "expansion": "pulsus (feminine pulsa, neuter pulsum); first/second-declension participle",
      "name": "la-part"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 53 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Hope was on course: Now, she has been expelled from her own home.”\n(The Gauls had invaded Rome; Mars asks Jupiter to intervene. The poetic voice of Mars may be understood figuratively as well as literally, because the invaders now occupied the Temple of Spes, or Hope.)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.362",
          "text": "‘spēs erat in cursū: nunc lare pulsa suō est.’"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "push, expel",
          "word": "pellō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "expelled, kicked out, having been kicked out."
      ],
      "id": "en-pulsus-la-verb-HzUkLHyG",
      "links": [
        [
          "expelled",
          "expelled"
        ],
        [
          "kicked out",
          "kicked out"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "push, expel",
          "word": "pellō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pushed, shoved, having been pushed."
      ],
      "id": "en-pulsus-la-verb-H~sCqy6-",
      "links": [
        [
          "pushed",
          "pushed"
        ],
        [
          "shoved",
          "shoved"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulsus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulsus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension participles",
    "Latin fourth declension nouns",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin participles",
    "Latin perfect participles",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -tus (action noun)",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Dalmatian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "polso"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: polso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: polso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "pusu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: pusu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: pusu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "poulz"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: poulz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: poulz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pouls"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pouls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pouls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pulse",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: pulse",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: pulse"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Astur-Leonese"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "poxa",
            "3": "ponxa",
            "4": "poixa",
            "5": "poisa",
            "6": "puisa"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: poxa, ponxa, poixa, poisa, puisa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: poxa, ponxa, poixa, poisa, puisa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-leo",
            "2": "poisa",
            "3": "pueisa",
            "4": "puisa",
            "5": "puixa",
            "6": "poxa"
          },
          "expansion": "Leonese: poisa, pueisa, puisa, puixa, poxa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Leonese: poisa, pueisa, puisa, puixa, poxa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "poisa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: poisa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: poisa"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "polso"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetian: polso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetian: polso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "pulsu",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Asturian: pulsu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Asturian: pulsu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "pulz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Czech: pulz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Czech: pulz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "pulssi",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: pulssi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: pulssi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Galician: pulso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Galician: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ka",
            "2": "პულსი",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Georgian: პულსი (ṗulsi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Georgian: პულსი (ṗulsi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hu",
            "2": "pulzus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hungarian: pulzus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hungarian: pulzus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "púls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Icelandic: púls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Icelandic: púls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "пулс",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Macedonian: пулс (puls)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Macedonian: пулс (puls)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "pols",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle Dutch: pols",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle Dutch: pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pols"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: pols\nAfrikaans: pols\nNegerhollands: poels\n→ Papiamentu: pòls, pols",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: pols\nAfrikaans: pols\nNegerhollands: poels\n→ Papiamentu: pòls, pols"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "late"
          },
          "expansion": "(late)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: puls (late)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Puls"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Bokmål"
          },
          "expansion": "(Bokmål)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls (Bokmål)",
          "name": "l-nb"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Nynorsk"
          },
          "expansion": "(Nynorsk)",
          "name": "qualifier"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "puls"
          },
          "expansion": "puls (Nynorsk)",
          "name": "l-nn"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian: puls (Bokmål), puls (Nynorsk)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Polish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Polish: puls"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pt",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Portuguese: pulso",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Portuguese: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "пульс",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Russian: пульс (pulʹs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Russian: пульс (pulʹs)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "пулс"
          },
          "expansion": "пулс",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: puls / пулс"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "pulz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Slovak: pulz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Slovak: pulz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "pulso",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Spanish: pulso\n→ Chavacano: pulso\n→ Tagalog: pulso",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Spanish: pulso\n→ Chavacano: pulso\n→ Tagalog: pulso"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "puls",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: puls",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: puls"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pellō",
        "3": "-tus",
        "alt2": "-sus",
        "id2": "action noun",
        "pos2": "action noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pellō + -sus (action noun)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "pellō + -sus (action noun)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsuum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsuī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsūs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus<4>"
      },
      "expansion": "pulsus m (genitive pulsūs); fourth declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus<4>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "pulse, impulse, beat, stroke"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pulse",
          "pulse"
        ],
        [
          "impulse",
          "impulse"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ],
        [
          "stroke",
          "stroke"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vulnus"
        },
        {
          "word": "colaphus"
        },
        {
          "word": "ictus"
        },
        {
          "word": "plāga"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-4",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulsus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulsus"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first and second declension participles",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin participles",
    "Latin perfect participles",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pellō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "push, expel"
      },
      "expansion": "pellō (“push, expel”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Perfect passive participle of pellō (“push, expel”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsārum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsae",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pulsa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus"
      },
      "expansion": "pulsus (feminine pulsa, neuter pulsum); first/second-declension participle",
      "name": "la-part"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pulsus"
      },
      "name": "la-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latin terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "“Hope was on course: Now, she has been expelled from her own home.”\n(The Gauls had invaded Rome; Mars asks Jupiter to intervene. The poetic voice of Mars may be understood figuratively as well as literally, because the invaders now occupied the Temple of Spes, or Hope.)",
          "ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.362",
          "text": "‘spēs erat in cursū: nunc lare pulsa suō est.’"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "push, expel",
          "word": "pellō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "expelled, kicked out, having been kicked out."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "expelled",
          "expelled"
        ],
        [
          "kicked out",
          "kicked out"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "push, expel",
          "word": "pellō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pushed, shoved, having been pushed."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pushed",
          "pushed"
        ],
        [
          "shoved",
          "shoved"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-1",
        "declension-2",
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊɫ̪s̠ʊs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpul.sus/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpulsus]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pulsus"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.