"pugno" meaning in Latin

See pugno in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpuɡ.noː/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈpʊŋnoː] [Classical-Latin], /ˈpuɲ.ɲo/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpuɲːo] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) Forms: pugnō [canonical, masculine]
Etymology: From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō. Etymology templates: {{root|la|ine-pro|*pewǵ-}}, {{suf|la|pugnus|-ō|id2=denominative|t1=fist}} pugnus (“fist”) + -ō Head templates: {{head|la|noun form|g=m|head=pugnō}} pugnō m
  1. dative/ablative singular of pugnus Tags: ablative, dative, form-of, singular Form of: pugnus
    Sense id: en-pugno-la-noun-uJ6kFM~i Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative) Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 37 25 24 14 Disambiguation of Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative): 38 22 20 20

Verb

IPA: /ˈpuɡ.noː/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈpʊŋnoː] [Classical-Latin], /ˈpuɲ.ɲo/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈpuɲːo] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō. Etymology templates: {{root|la|ine-pro|*pewǵ-}}, {{suf|la|pugnus|-ō|id2=denominative|t1=fist}} pugnus (“fist”) + -ō Head templates: {{la-verb|1+.poet-sync-perf|pugnō}} pugnō (present infinitive pugnāre, perfect active pugnāvī, supine pugnātum); first conjugation Inflection templates: {{la-conj|1+.poet-sync-perf|pugnō}} Forms: pugnō [canonical], pugnāre [infinitive, present], pugnāvī [active, perfect], pugnātum [supine], conjugation-1 [table-tags], pugnō [active, first-person, indicative, present, singular], pugnās [active, indicative, present, second-person, singular], pugnat [active, indicative, present, singular, third-person], pugnāmus [active, first-person, indicative, plural, present], pugnātis [active, indicative, plural, present, second-person], pugnant [active, indicative, plural, present, third-person], pugnābam [active, first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], pugnābās [active, imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], pugnābat [active, imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], pugnābāmus [active, first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], pugnābātis [active, imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], pugnābant [active, imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], pugnābō [active, first-person, future, indicative, singular], pugnābis [active, future, indicative, second-person, singular], pugnābit [active, future, indicative, singular, third-person], pugnābimus [active, first-person, future, indicative, plural], pugnābitis [active, future, indicative, plural, second-person], pugnābunt [active, future, indicative, plural, third-person], pugnāvī [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], pugnāvistī [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], pugnāstī [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], pugnāvit [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pugnāt [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pugnāvimus [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], pugnāmus [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], pugnāvistis [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], pugnāstis [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], pugnāvērunt [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pugnārunt [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pugnāvēre [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pugnāveram [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], pugnāram [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], pugnāverās [active, indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], pugnārās [active, indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], pugnāverat [active, indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], pugnārat [active, indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], pugnāverāmus [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], pugnārāmus [active, first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], pugnāverātis [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], pugnārātis [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], pugnāverant [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], pugnārant [active, indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], pugnāverō [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, singular], pugnārō [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, singular], pugnāveris [active, future, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], pugnāris [active, future, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], pugnāverit [active, future, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pugnārit [active, future, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], pugnāverimus [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, plural], pugnārimus [active, first-person, future, indicative, perfect, plural], pugnāveritis [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], pugnāritis [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], pugnāverint [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pugnārint [active, future, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], pugnor [first-person, indicative, passive, present, singular], pugnāris [indicative, passive, present, second-person, singular], pugnāre [indicative, passive, present, second-person, singular], pugnātur [indicative, passive, present, singular, third-person], pugnāmur [first-person, indicative, passive, plural, present], pugnāminī [indicative, passive, plural, present, second-person], pugnantur [indicative, passive, plural, present, third-person], pugnābar [first-person, imperfect, indicative, passive, singular], pugnābāris [imperfect, indicative, passive, second-person, singular], pugnābāre [imperfect, indicative, passive, second-person, singular], pugnābātur [imperfect, indicative, passive, singular, third-person], pugnābāmur [first-person, imperfect, indicative, passive, plural], pugnābāminī [imperfect, indicative, passive, plural, second-person], pugnābantur [imperfect, indicative, passive, plural, third-person], pugnābor [first-person, future, indicative, passive, singular], pugnāberis [future, indicative, passive, second-person, singular], pugnābere [future, indicative, passive, second-person, singular], pugnābitur [future, indicative, passive, singular, third-person], pugnābimur [first-person, future, indicative, passive, plural], pugnābiminī [future, indicative, passive, plural, second-person], pugnābuntur [future, indicative, passive, plural, third-person], pugnātus + present active indicative of sum [indicative, passive, perfect], pugnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum [indicative, passive, pluperfect], pugnātus + future active indicative of sum [future, indicative, passive, perfect], pugnem [active, first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], pugnēs [active, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnet [active, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnēmus [active, first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], pugnētis [active, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pugnent [active, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārem [active, first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], pugnārēs [active, imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnāret [active, imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārēmus [active, first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], pugnārētis [active, imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnārent [active, imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāverim [active, first-person, perfect, singular, subjunctive], pugnārim [active, first-person, perfect, singular, subjunctive], pugnāverīs [active, perfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnārīs [active, perfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnāverit [active, perfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārit [active, perfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāverīmus [active, first-person, perfect, plural, subjunctive], pugnārīmus [active, first-person, perfect, plural, subjunctive], pugnāverītis [active, perfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnārītis [active, perfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnāverint [active, perfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārint [active, perfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāvissem [active, first-person, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive], pugnāssem [active, first-person, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive], pugnāvissēs [active, pluperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnāssēs [active, pluperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnāvisset [active, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāsset [active, pluperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāvissēmus [active, first-person, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive], pugnāssēmus [active, first-person, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive], pugnāvissētis [active, pluperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnāssētis [active, pluperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnāvissent [active, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugnāssent [active, pluperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugner [first-person, passive, present, singular, subjunctive], pugnēris [passive, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnēre [passive, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnētur [passive, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnēmur [first-person, passive, plural, present, subjunctive], pugnēminī [passive, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], pugnentur [passive, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārer [first-person, imperfect, passive, singular, subjunctive], pugnārēris [imperfect, passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnārēre [imperfect, passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], pugnārētur [imperfect, passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], pugnārēmur [first-person, imperfect, passive, plural, subjunctive], pugnārēminī [imperfect, passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], pugnārentur [imperfect, passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], pugnātus + present active subjunctive of sum [passive, perfect, subjunctive], pugnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum [passive, pluperfect, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, present, singular], pugnā [active, imperative, present, second-person, singular], - [active, imperative, present, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural, present], pugnāte [active, imperative, plural, present, second-person], - [active, imperative, plural, present, third-person], - [active, first-person, future, imperative, singular], pugnātō [active, future, imperative, second-person, singular], pugnātō [active, future, imperative, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, future, imperative, plural], pugnātōte [active, future, imperative, plural, second-person], pugnantō [active, future, imperative, plural, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, passive, present, singular], pugnāre [imperative, passive, present, second-person, singular], - [imperative, passive, present, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, passive, plural, present], pugnāminī [imperative, passive, plural, present, second-person], - [imperative, passive, plural, present, third-person], - [first-person, future, imperative, passive, singular], pugnātor [future, imperative, passive, second-person, singular], pugnātor [future, imperative, passive, singular, third-person], - [first-person, future, imperative, passive, plural], - [future, imperative, passive, plural, second-person], pugnantor [future, imperative, passive, plural, third-person], pugnāre [active, infinitive, present], pugnārī [infinitive, passive, present], pugnāns [active, participle, present], - [participle, passive, present], pugnātūrum esse [active, future, infinitive], pugnātum īrī [future, infinitive, passive], pugnātūrus [active, future, participle], pugnandus [future, participle, passive], pugnāvisse [active, infinitive, perfect], pugnāsse [active, infinitive, perfect], pugnātum esse [infinitive, passive, perfect], - [active, participle, perfect], pugnātus [participle, passive, perfect], - [active, future, infinitive, perfect], pugnātum fore [future, infinitive, passive, perfect], - [active, future, participle, perfect], - [future, participle, passive, perfect], pugnātūrum fuisse [active, infinitive, perfect, potential], - [infinitive, passive, perfect, potential], - [active, participle, perfect, potential], - [participle, passive, perfect, potential], pugnandī [genitive, gerund, noun-from-verb], pugnandō [dative, gerund, noun-from-verb], pugnandum [accusative, gerund, noun-from-verb], pugnandō [ablative, gerund, noun-from-verb], pugnātum [accusative, noun-from-verb, supine], pugnātū [ablative, noun-from-verb, supine]
  1. to fight, combat, battle, engage Tags: conjugation-1
    Sense id: en-pugno-la-verb-xYNdKdb5 Categories (other): Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv- Disambiguation of Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-: 22 33 22 23 Synonyms: lūctor, repugnō, contendō, dēcernō, committō, concurrō, certō, bellō, dīmicō, cōnflīgō, serō, dēcertō
  2. to contend, conflict, oppose, contradict Tags: conjugation-1
    Sense id: en-pugno-la-verb-TWhW8NP8
  3. to endeavour, struggle, strive Tags: conjugation-1
    Sense id: en-pugno-la-verb-yziwwXiJ Synonyms: lūctor, ēlabōrō, certō, cōnītor, cōnor, appetō, temptō, affectō, tendō, quaerō, studeō, contendō, adnītor, labōrō, īnsequor, molior, perīclitor, nītor
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: pugnācitās, pugnāciter, pugnātōrius, pugnātrix, pugneus, pugnicula, pugnitus, pugnus, pungō
Derived forms: appugnō, compugnō, dēpugnō, expugnō, impugnō, oppugnō, prōpugnō, pugna, pugnāculum, pugnantia, pugnātor, pugnax, pugnus, repugnō
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pugnus",
        "3": "-ō",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnus (“fist”) + -ō",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m",
        "head": "pugnō"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnō m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 25 24 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 22 20 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pugnus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dative/ablative singular of pugnus"
      ],
      "id": "en-pugno-la-noun-uJ6kFM~i",
      "links": [
        [
          "pugnus",
          "pugnus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dative",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɡ.noː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊŋnoː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɲ.ɲo/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuɲːo]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugno"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "appugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "compugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "dēpugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "expugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "impugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "oppugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "prōpugnō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugna"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnāculum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnantia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnātor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnax"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "repugnō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "puñar"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: puñar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: puñar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "punyar"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: punyar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: punyar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frp",
            "2": "pugnier"
          },
          "expansion": "Franco-Provençal: pugnier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franco-Provençal: pugnier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "puignier"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: puignier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: puignier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pugner"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pugner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pugner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "puñar",
            "3": "pugnar"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: puñar, pugnar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: puñar, pugnar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pugnare"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: pugnare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: pugnare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "punhar"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: punhar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: punhar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "puñar",
            "3": "pugnar"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: puñar, pugnar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: puñar, pugnar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "punnare"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: punnare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: punnare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pugnus",
        "3": "-ō",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnus (“fist”) + -ō",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvī",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābō",
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      "tags": [
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābis",
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      "tags": [
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābit",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābimus",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābitis",
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        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābunt",
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      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvī",
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      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvistī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāstī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāt",
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      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāmus",
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        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvistis",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāstis",
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        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvērunt",
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        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārunt",
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        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvēre",
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        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveram",
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      "tags": [
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        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāram",
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        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverās",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārās",
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        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverat",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārat",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverāmus",
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        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārāmus",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverātis",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārātis",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverant",
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        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārant",
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        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverō",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārō",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveris",
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        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāris",
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        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverit",
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        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārit",
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        "third-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnāverimus",
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        "first-person",
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        "indicative",
        "perfect",
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    {
      "form": "pugnārimus",
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        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveritis",
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        "indicative",
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        "second-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāritis",
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        "indicative",
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        "plural",
        "second-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverint",
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        "third-person"
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    },
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      "form": "pugnārint",
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        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "pugnor",
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      "form": "pugnāris",
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        "singular"
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      "form": "pugnāre",
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        "second-person",
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      "form": "pugnātur",
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      "form": "pugnāmur",
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        "present"
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      "form": "pugnāminī",
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        "second-person"
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      "form": "pugnantur",
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        "present",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "pugnābar",
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    {
      "form": "pugnābāris",
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        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "pugnābāre",
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        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "pugnābātur",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāmur",
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        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
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    {
      "form": "pugnābāminī",
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        "plural",
        "second-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābantur",
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        "plural",
        "third-person"
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        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
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      "form": "pugnāberis",
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        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābere",
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        "second-person",
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābitur",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnābimur",
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        "indicative",
        "passive",
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    {
      "form": "pugnābiminī",
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        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnābuntur",
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        "third-person"
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      "form": "pugnātus + present active indicative of sum",
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        "perfect"
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      "form": "pugnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum",
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        "pluperfect"
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    {
      "form": "pugnātus + future active indicative of sum",
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        "passive",
        "perfect"
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      "form": "pugnem",
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        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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      "form": "pugnēs",
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        "subjunctive"
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        "third-person"
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      "form": "pugnēmus",
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        "present",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
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      "form": "pugnētis",
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        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
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      "form": "pugnent",
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        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārem",
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        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārēs",
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        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāret",
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        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēmus",
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        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārētis",
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        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
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      "form": "pugnārent",
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        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnāverim",
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        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārim",
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        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverīs",
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        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārīs",
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        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverit",
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        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārit",
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        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnāverīmus",
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        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārīmus",
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        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnāverītis",
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        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārītis",
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        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
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      "form": "pugnāverint",
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        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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    {
      "form": "pugnārint",
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        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
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      "form": "pugnāvissem",
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        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssem",
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        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissēs",
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        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssēs",
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      "tags": [
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        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvisset",
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        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāsset",
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        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissēmus",
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        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
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    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssēmus",
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        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissētis",
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      "tags": [
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        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssētis",
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      "tags": [
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        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnētur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnentur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārētur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārentur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + present active subjunctive of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātōte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnantō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnantor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāns",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum īrī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāsse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum fore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrum fuisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "supine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1+.poet-sync-perf",
        "2": "pugnō"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnō (present infinitive pugnāre, perfect active pugnāvī, supine pugnātum); first conjugation",
      "name": "la-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1+.poet-sync-perf",
        "2": "pugnō"
      },
      "name": "la-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnācitās"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnāciter"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnātōrius"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnātrix"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugneus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnicula"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnitus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pugnus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pungō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 33 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fight, combat, battle, engage"
      ],
      "id": "en-pugno-la-verb-xYNdKdb5",
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ],
        [
          "combat",
          "combat"
        ],
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ],
        [
          "engage",
          "engage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūctor"
        },
        {
          "word": "repugnō"
        },
        {
          "word": "contendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dēcernō"
        },
        {
          "word": "committō"
        },
        {
          "word": "concurrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "certō"
        },
        {
          "word": "bellō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dīmicō"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnflīgō"
        },
        {
          "word": "serō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dēcertō"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to contend, conflict, oppose, contradict"
      ],
      "id": "en-pugno-la-verb-TWhW8NP8",
      "links": [
        [
          "contend",
          "contend"
        ],
        [
          "conflict",
          "conflict"
        ],
        [
          "oppose",
          "oppose"
        ],
        [
          "contradict",
          "contradict"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to endeavour, struggle, strive"
      ],
      "id": "en-pugno-la-verb-yziwwXiJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "endeavour",
          "endeavour"
        ],
        [
          "struggle",
          "struggle"
        ],
        [
          "strive",
          "strive"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūctor"
        },
        {
          "word": "ēlabōrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "certō"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnītor"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnor"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetō"
        },
        {
          "word": "temptō"
        },
        {
          "word": "affectō"
        },
        {
          "word": "tendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "quaerō"
        },
        {
          "word": "studeō"
        },
        {
          "word": "contendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "adnītor"
        },
        {
          "word": "labōrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "īnsequor"
        },
        {
          "word": "molior"
        },
        {
          "word": "perīclitor"
        },
        {
          "word": "nītor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɡ.noː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊŋnoː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɲ.ɲo/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuɲːo]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugno"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first conjugation verbs",
    "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative)",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verbs",
    "Latin verbs with red links in their inflection tables",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pugnus",
        "3": "-ō",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnus (“fist”) + -ō",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "m",
        "head": "pugnō"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnō m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "pugnus"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dative/ablative singular of pugnus"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pugnus",
          "pugnus#Latin"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dative",
        "form-of",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɡ.noː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊŋnoː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɲ.ɲo/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuɲːo]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugno"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin first conjugation verbs",
    "Latin first conjugation verbs with perfect in -āv-",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin non-lemma forms",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewǵ-",
    "Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative)",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin verbs",
    "Latin verbs with red links in their inflection tables",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "appugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "compugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "dēpugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "expugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "impugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "oppugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "prōpugnō"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugna"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnāculum"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnantia"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnātor"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnax"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnus"
    },
    {
      "word": "repugnō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "puñar"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: puñar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: puñar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "punyar"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: punyar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: punyar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frp",
            "2": "pugnier"
          },
          "expansion": "Franco-Provençal: pugnier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franco-Provençal: pugnier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "puignier"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: puignier",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: puignier"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pugner"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pugner",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pugner"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gl",
            "2": "puñar",
            "3": "pugnar"
          },
          "expansion": "Galician: puñar, pugnar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Galician: puñar, pugnar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pugnare"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: pugnare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: pugnare"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "punhar"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: punhar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: punhar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "puñar",
            "3": "pugnar"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: puñar, pugnar",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: puñar, pugnar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "punnare"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: punnare",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: punnare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pewǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pugnus",
        "3": "-ō",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnus (“fist”) + -ō",
      "name": "suf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pugnus (“fist”) + -ō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvī",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābitis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvistī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāstī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvistis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāstis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvērunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārunt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārāmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārātis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārimus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāveritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāritis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnantur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābar",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābātur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābāminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābantur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāberis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābitur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābimur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābiminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnābuntur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + present active indicative of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + future active indicative of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāret",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārīmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārītis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāverint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārint",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvisset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāsset",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssēmus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssētis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvissent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāssent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnētur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnēminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnentur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēris",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārētur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēmur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārēminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārentur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + present active subjunctive of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātōte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnantō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāminī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnantor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāre",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnārī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāns",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum īrī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāvisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnāsse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum esse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātus",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum fore",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "participle",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātūrum fuisse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnandō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "gerund",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pugnātū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "supine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1+.poet-sync-perf",
        "2": "pugnō"
      },
      "expansion": "pugnō (present infinitive pugnāre, perfect active pugnāvī, supine pugnātum); first conjugation",
      "name": "la-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "1+.poet-sync-perf",
        "2": "pugnō"
      },
      "name": "la-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pugnācitās"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnāciter"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnātōrius"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnātrix"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugneus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnicula"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnitus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pugnus"
    },
    {
      "word": "pungō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fight, combat, battle, engage"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fight",
          "fight"
        ],
        [
          "combat",
          "combat"
        ],
        [
          "battle",
          "battle"
        ],
        [
          "engage",
          "engage"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūctor"
        },
        {
          "word": "repugnō"
        },
        {
          "word": "contendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dēcernō"
        },
        {
          "word": "committō"
        },
        {
          "word": "concurrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "certō"
        },
        {
          "word": "bellō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dīmicō"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnflīgō"
        },
        {
          "word": "serō"
        },
        {
          "word": "dēcertō"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to contend, conflict, oppose, contradict"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "contend",
          "contend"
        ],
        [
          "conflict",
          "conflict"
        ],
        [
          "oppose",
          "oppose"
        ],
        [
          "contradict",
          "contradict"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to endeavour, struggle, strive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "endeavour",
          "endeavour"
        ],
        [
          "struggle",
          "struggle"
        ],
        [
          "strive",
          "strive"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "lūctor"
        },
        {
          "word": "ēlabōrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "certō"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnītor"
        },
        {
          "word": "cōnor"
        },
        {
          "word": "appetō"
        },
        {
          "word": "temptō"
        },
        {
          "word": "affectō"
        },
        {
          "word": "tendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "quaerō"
        },
        {
          "word": "studeō"
        },
        {
          "word": "contendō"
        },
        {
          "word": "adnītor"
        },
        {
          "word": "labōrō"
        },
        {
          "word": "īnsequor"
        },
        {
          "word": "molior"
        },
        {
          "word": "perīclitor"
        },
        {
          "word": "nītor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɡ.noː/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpʊŋnoː]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpuɲ.ɲo/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpuɲːo]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pugno"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pugno meaning in Latin (27.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (f2d86ce and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.