See puer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “gender”",
"word": "puella"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “gender”",
"word": "puera"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “age”",
"word": "vir"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "īnfāns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "adulēscēns"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "catulaster"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "-por"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puer dēlicātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerāscō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pueraster"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerigenus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerīlis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerīlitās"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerīliter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerinus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pueritia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pueritiēs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerpera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerperium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerperus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pūsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "putus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "repuerāscō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puer"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puer aeternus"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerile"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerilism"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperium"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerility"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperal"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperous"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puero"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "prunc"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*peh₂w-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂w-"
],
[
"*ph₂weros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ph₂weros"
],
[
"*puweros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/puweros"
],
[
"*puweros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/puweros"
],
[
"*peh₂w-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂w-"
],
[
"𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌",
"𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌#Oscan"
],
[
"παῖς",
"παῖς#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*puweros<ety:inh<ine-pro:*ph₂weros<ety:der<ine-pro:*peh₂w->>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peh₂w-der.\nProto-Indo-European *ph₂weros\nProto-Italic *puweros\nLatin puer\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*peh₂w-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ph₂weros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*puweros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"puer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"puer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*puweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *puweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ph₂weros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ph₂weros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌",
"sc": "Ital"
},
"expansion": "Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌 (puglum)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παῖς",
"3": "",
"4": "boy"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “boy”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peh₂w-der.\nProto-Indo-European *ph₂weros\nProto-Italic *puweros\nLatin puer\nFrom Proto-Italic *puweros, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂weros, from *peh₂w-. Cognate with Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌 (puglum), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “boy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "puera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerōrum",
"links": [
[
"puerōrum",
"puerorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerō",
"links": [
[
"puerō",
"puero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerīs",
"links": [
[
"puerīs",
"pueris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerōs",
"links": [
[
"puerōs",
"pueros#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerō",
"links": [
[
"puerō",
"puero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerīs",
"links": [
[
"puerīs",
"pueris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puerus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "puer<2>",
"f": "puera"
},
"expansion": "puer m (genitive puerī, feminine puera); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "puer<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "puerperium"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 27 22 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 10 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Children",
"orig": "la:Children",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a child; chit"
],
"id": "en-puer-la-noun-2WMy269D",
"links": [
[
"child",
"child"
],
[
"chit",
"chit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 27 22 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 38 14 17 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 34 17 21 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "la:Age",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a boy, lad (typically between ages 7-14 but could be younger) (older than an īnfāns but younger than an adulēscēns)"
],
"id": "en-puer-la-noun-p2Ts6rxi",
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"lad",
"lad"
],
[
"īnfāns",
"infans#Latin"
],
[
"adulēscēns",
"adulescens#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 27 22 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 36 16 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 8 82 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "la:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a male servant or page; slave"
],
"id": "en-puer-la-noun-tm1PJVNs",
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"slave",
"slave"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 27 22 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bachelor"
],
"id": "en-puer-la-noun-QjMCzTsP",
"links": [
[
"bachelor",
"bachelor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boyhood (ex: in puero, \"in his boyhood\" or \"as a boy\")"
],
"id": "en-puer-la-noun-f8JTI3zM",
"links": [
[
"boyhood",
"boyhood"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpu.ɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuː.er]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "puer"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “gender”",
"word": "puella"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “gender”",
"word": "puera"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “age”",
"word": "vir"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂w-",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"la:Age",
"la:Children",
"la:Male people",
"pl:Education",
"pl:Healthcare occupations",
"pl:Male people",
"pl:Pharmacy"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "īnfāns"
},
{
"word": "adulēscēns"
},
{
"word": "catulaster"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-por"
},
{
"word": "puer dēlicātus"
},
{
"word": "puera"
},
{
"word": "puerārius"
},
{
"word": "puerāscō"
},
{
"word": "pueraster"
},
{
"word": "puerculus"
},
{
"word": "puerigenus"
},
{
"word": "puerīlis"
},
{
"word": "puerīlitās"
},
{
"word": "puerīliter"
},
{
"word": "puerinus"
},
{
"word": "pueritia"
},
{
"word": "pueritiēs"
},
{
"word": "puerpera"
},
{
"word": "puerperium"
},
{
"word": "puerperus"
},
{
"word": "puerulus"
},
{
"word": "pūsus"
},
{
"word": "putus"
},
{
"word": "repuerāscō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puer"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puer aeternus"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerile"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerilism"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperium"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerility"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperal"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puerperous"
},
{
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puero"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "prunc"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*peh₂w-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂w-"
],
[
"*ph₂weros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ph₂weros"
],
[
"*puweros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/puweros"
],
[
"*puweros",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/puweros"
],
[
"*peh₂w-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂w-"
],
[
"𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌",
"𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌#Oscan"
],
[
"παῖς",
"παῖς#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "itc-pro:*puweros<ety:inh<ine-pro:*ph₂weros<ety:der<ine-pro:*peh₂w->>>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peh₂w-der.\nProto-Indo-European *ph₂weros\nProto-Italic *puweros\nLatin puer\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*peh₂w-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ph₂weros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*puweros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"puer\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"puer\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*puweros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *puweros",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ph₂weros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ph₂weros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌",
"sc": "Ital"
},
"expansion": "Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌 (puglum)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "παῖς",
"3": "",
"4": "boy"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “boy”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *peh₂w-der.\nProto-Indo-European *ph₂weros\nProto-Italic *puweros\nLatin puer\nFrom Proto-Italic *puweros, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂weros, from *peh₂w-. Cognate with Oscan 𐌐𐌖𐌂𐌋𐌖𐌌 (puglum), Ancient Greek παῖς (paîs, “boy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "puera",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "puer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerōrum",
"links": [
[
"puerōrum",
"puerorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerō",
"links": [
[
"puerō",
"puero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerīs",
"links": [
[
"puerīs",
"pueris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerōs",
"links": [
[
"puerōs",
"pueros#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puerō",
"links": [
[
"puerō",
"puero#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puerīs",
"links": [
[
"puerīs",
"pueris#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puerī",
"links": [
[
"puerī",
"pueri#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "puerus",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"rare"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "puer<2>",
"f": "puera"
},
"expansion": "puer m (genitive puerī, feminine puera); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "puer<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "puerperium"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a child; chit"
],
"links": [
[
"child",
"child"
],
[
"chit",
"chit"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a boy, lad (typically between ages 7-14 but could be younger) (older than an īnfāns but younger than an adulēscēns)"
],
"links": [
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"lad",
"lad"
],
[
"īnfāns",
"infans#Latin"
],
[
"adulēscēns",
"adulescens#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a male servant or page; slave"
],
"links": [
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"page",
"page"
],
[
"slave",
"slave"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a bachelor"
],
"links": [
[
"bachelor",
"bachelor"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"boyhood (ex: in puero, \"in his boyhood\" or \"as a boy\")"
],
"links": [
[
"boyhood",
"boyhood"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpu.ɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuː.er]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "puer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for puer meaning in Latin (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.