See penus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Penātes"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*penos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *penos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pén-os",
"5": "food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pén-os (“food”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "penė́ti",
"3": "",
"4": "to feed"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian penė́ti (“to feed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *penos, from Proto-Indo-European *pén-os (“food”), from *pen-. Compare penes, Lithuanian penė́ti (“to feed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penus",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "variously declined",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "penoris",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penuum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penuī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penoris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penorum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penorī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penoribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penoribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "fourth-declension noun.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "penu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "penum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((penus<2>,penus<4>))",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "penus m or f (genitive penī or penūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penus<3>"
},
"expansion": "penus n (genitive penoris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((penus<2>,penus<4>))"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penus<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "penes"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"provisions, food"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-penus-la-noun-i3e2BdAU",
"links": [
[
"provisions",
"provisions"
],
[
"food",
"food"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-3",
"declension-4",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the innermost part of a temple of Vesta, the sanctuary"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-penus-la-noun-I97Mc6Qm",
"links": [
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
],
[
"temple",
"temple"
],
[
"Vesta",
"Vesta"
],
[
"sanctuary",
"sanctuary"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-3",
"declension-4",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛ.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛː.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "penus"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin feminine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin fourth declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the fourth declension",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple declensions",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Penātes"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*penos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *penos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pén-os",
"5": "food"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pén-os (“food”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "penė́ti",
"3": "",
"4": "to feed"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian penė́ti (“to feed”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *penos, from Proto-Indo-European *pén-os (“food”), from *pen-. Compare penes, Lithuanian penė́ti (“to feed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "penus",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "variously declined",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "penoris",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penuum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penuī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penū",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penūs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penoris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penorum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penorī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penoribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penore",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "penoribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "penus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "penora",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second-declension noun",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "fourth-declension noun.",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "penu",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "penum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((penus<2>,penus<4>))",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "penus m or f (genitive penī or penūs); variously declined, second declension, fourth declension",
"name": "la-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penus<3>"
},
"expansion": "penus n (genitive penoris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "((penus<2>,penus<4>))"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "penus<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "penes"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"provisions, food"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"provisions",
"provisions"
],
[
"food",
"food"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-3",
"declension-4",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the innermost part of a temple of Vesta, the sanctuary"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"innermost",
"innermost"
],
[
"temple",
"temple"
],
[
"Vesta",
"Vesta"
],
[
"sanctuary",
"sanctuary"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"declension-3",
"declension-4",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛ.nʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɛː.nus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "penus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for penus meaning in Latin (6.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Second-declension noun",
"path": [
"penus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for fourth-declension noun.",
"path": [
"penus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penus",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).",
"path": [
"penus"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "penus",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.