See parma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parmātus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "parmula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pármē",
"word": "πάρμη"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "parmula",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from parmula",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from parmula, dissimilated from palmula, from palma (“hand”), referring to the shield being handheld.\nOr, borrowed from a Celtic word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmārum",
"links": [
[
"parmārum",
"parmarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmīs",
"links": [
[
"parmīs",
"parmis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmās",
"links": [
[
"parmās",
"parmas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmā",
"links": [
[
"parmā",
"parma#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmīs",
"links": [
[
"parmīs",
"parmis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "palma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parma<1>"
},
"expansion": "parma f (genitive parmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 34 24 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 49 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 44 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 0 10",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "la:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: scūtum, clipeus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a parma; a round shield carried by the infantry and cavalry"
],
"id": "en-parma-la-noun-djqwlzCD",
"links": [
[
"parma",
"#English"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"infantry",
"infantry"
],
[
"cavalry",
"cavalry"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "scūtum"
},
{
"word": "clipeus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 34 24 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 49 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 44 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any shield"
],
"id": "en-parma-la-noun-mYyzrERr",
"links": [
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) any shield"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 44 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 29 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a Thraex; a gladiator armed with a parma"
],
"id": "en-parma-la-noun-itxWhNFN",
"links": [
[
"Thraex",
"Thraex#Latin"
],
[
"gladiator",
"gladiator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) a Thraex; a gladiator armed with a parma"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.maː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "parma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin back-formations",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the first declension",
"Latin first declension nouns",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Celtic languages",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Military"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "parmātus"
},
{
"word": "parmula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "pármē",
"word": "πάρμη"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "parmula",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "back-formation from parmula",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cel",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps a back-formation from parmula, dissimilated from palmula, from palma (“hand”), referring to the shield being handheld.\nOr, borrowed from a Celtic word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "parmae",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "parma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmārum",
"links": [
[
"parmārum",
"parmarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmīs",
"links": [
[
"parmīs",
"parmis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmās",
"links": [
[
"parmās",
"parmas#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parmā",
"links": [
[
"parmā",
"parma#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "parmīs",
"links": [
[
"parmīs",
"parmis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "parma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "parmae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "palma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parma<1>"
},
"expansion": "parma f (genitive parmae); first declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "parma<1>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: scūtum, clipeus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a parma; a round shield carried by the infantry and cavalry"
],
"links": [
[
"parma",
"#English"
],
[
"round",
"round"
],
[
"shield",
"shield"
],
[
"infantry",
"infantry"
],
[
"cavalry",
"cavalry"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "scūtum"
},
{
"word": "clipeus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"any shield"
],
"links": [
[
"shield",
"shield"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) any shield"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"poetic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a Thraex; a gladiator armed with a parma"
],
"links": [
[
"Thraex",
"Thraex#Latin"
],
[
"gladiator",
"gladiator"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) a Thraex; a gladiator armed with a parma"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"feminine",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.maː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpar.ma]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "parma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for parma meaning in Latin (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.